Esperanto - English Versio 24 aŭgusto 2005 |
This page was copied November 7th, 2000 from:
http://www.avana.net/~jimhenry/esp/vortaroj/esp_angl.txt
Abbreviations:Copyright (c) 1991 by Esperanto League for North America, Inc. All rights reserved.
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This work is derived from "Esperanto: Learning and Using the International Language" by David Richardson (ISBN 0-945742-00-2), which also contains a history of Esperanto, lessons, and readings. This work uses certain conventions to indicate typographical features of the book:
"{" and "}" indicate text that is in boldface in the original. This work uses "^" for all superscripted letters, placed after the letter. The original, as in this file, uses "/" to indicate the end of a root word. The original, as in this file, uses "~" as a substitute for repeating the root word, or sometimes to indicate a suffix.
Page numbers correspond to the original work. All text from here on is from the original work.
David Wolff, projektestro.
ESPERANTO-ENGLISH
This is a necessarily abridged vocabulary for use with the lessons and readings in this book. The serious student is urged to obtain one of the good Esperanto-English and English-Esperanto dictionaries currently available.{abb.} abbreviation, {accus.} accusative, {anat.} anatomy, {arch.} architecture, {arith.} arithmetic, {conj.} conjunction, {correl.} correlative, {den.} denoting, {elec.} electricity/electronics, {fin.} finance, {intr.} intransitive verb, {mech.} mechanics, {mil.} military, {mus.} music, {naut.} nautical, {phot.} photography, {pol.} politics, {pref.} prefix, {relig.} religion, {suff.} suffix, {tech.} technology, {tr.} transitive verb. {abak/o} abacus {abat/o} abbott {abdik/i} abdicate, resign {abel/o} bee, {~ujo} beehive {abi/o} fir (tree) {abism/o} abyss, chasm {abol(ici)/i} abolish {abomen/i} abhor, loathe, {~aj^o} abomination, {~inda} abominable {abon/i} subscribe, {~o} subscription {abort/i} miscarry, {~igi} abort {abrupt/a} abrupt {absces/o} abscess {absolut/a} absolute, {~e} absolutely {absolv/i} absolve, {~o} absolution {absorb/i} absorb {abstin/i} abstain {absurd/a} absurd {abund/a} abundant, {mal~a} in short supply, {~i} abound {acer/o} maple {acid/a} acid, sour, {~o} acid, {dolc^~a} bittersweet {-ac^/} (suffix denoting disparagement; see p. 277), {~a} no good, "lousy" {ac^et/i} buy, {~(aj^)o} purchase, {el~i} redeem, ransom, {sub~i} bribe {-ad/} (suffix denoting continuation; see p. 143) {~e} continually {adapt/i} adapt (transitive verb.) {adept/o} adept {adiau^} farewell {adici/i} add (arithmetic) {adjektiv/o} adjective {administr/i} manage, administer {admir/i} admire, {~ant(in)o} admirer, {~inda} admirable {admon/i} admonish, scold, "tell off" {adopt/i} adopt {ador/i} adore, worship {adres/o} address, {~aro} address list {adult/i} commit adultery {adverb/o} adverb {advokat/o} lawyer {aer/o} air, {~umi} air out, ventilate, {~vojo} airway {aeroplan/o} airplane {afabl/a} kind, good-natured, {~eco} kindness {afer/o} matter, thing, affair, business deal, {~isto} businessman {afis^/o} poster, sign(board), notice {aflikt/i} afflict, {~o} affliction {afrank/i} prepay (letter or package), put on stamp(s) {Afrik/o} Africa {ag/i, ~o} act, {~ema} active, {~ado} activity, {re~i} react {agend/o} agenda, appointment book {agit/i} agitate, stir up {agl/o} eagle {agnosk/i} acknowledge, formally recognize {agoni/o} death throes, {~i} be near death {agord/i} tune (transitive verb.) {agrabl/a} pleasant, agreeable {agraf/o} hook, clasp {agres/o} aggression, {~i} commit aggression, {~(em)a} aggressive {ag^/o} age, {pli~a} older, elder, {plen~a} grown-up, {grand~a} elderly {ah^!} oh! ow! (dismay) {aj!} ouch! (pain) {ajl/o} garlic {ajn} -ever, -at all (see p. 164) {-aj^/} (suffix denoting concrete thing; see p. 154), {~o} a thing {akademi/o} academy {akapar/i} monopolize, corner {akcel/i} accelerate, speed (somebody or something) up, {~ilo} accelerator {akcent/o} accent, stress {akcept/i} accept, receive (guest, etc.) {akcident/o} accident, {~i} have an accident {akcipitr/o} hawk {akir/i} acquire, get, {~ebla} obtainable {aklam/o, ~i} acclaim {akn/o} pimple, passing blemish {akomod/i} accommodate (transitive verb.) {akompan/i} accompany, {~(aj^)o} accompaniment {akord/o} chord, accord {akr/a} sharp, {~atona} sharp-toned, shrill, {~igi} sharpen {akr(e)/o} acre {akrid/o} locust {aks/o} axle, axis {aksel/o} armpit {aktiv/a} active, {~o} assets {aktor/o} actor, {~i} act {aktual/a} current, present-day {akupunktur/o} acupuncture {akurat/a} punctual, on time {akustik/o} acoustics {akus^/i} labor (giving birth), {~istino} midwife {akuz/i} accuse, {~o} accusation {akv/o} water, {~umi} water, irrigate, {~ero} drop (of water), {fal~o, ~falo} waterfall {akvari/o} aquarium {al} to(wards), {~veni} arrive, {~ig^i} join, {~porti} bring, fetch, {~doni} add, {~meti} attach, put onto, {~terig^i} land, {~trudi} impose upon, force, {~proksimigi} bring close together {alfabet/o} alphabet {algebr/o} algebra {ali/a} (an)other, else, {~igi, ~ig^i} change, alter, {~landano} citizen of another country, alien {alk/o} elk, moose {alkohol/o} alcohol {almenau^} at least {almoz/o} alms, "handout," {~ulo} beggar {alp/o} alp, mountain pasture, {~ismo} mountaineering {alt/a} high, tall, {~eco} height, {~statura} lanky, of high stature, {~en} into the heights {altern/i} alternate, {~a} alternating {alternativ/o} alternative, option {alud/i} allude, refer to, {~o} allusion {alumet/o} match (fire) {alumini/o} aluminum {am/i, ~o} love, {~ant(in)o} lover, {mal~i} hate, {~inda} lovable, {~indumi} woo, court, {pac~a} peaceloving {amar/a} bitter {amas/o} heap, pile, mass, {hom~o} crowd, {~igi} pile up, {~fabriki} mass produce {amator/o, ~a} amateur {Amazon/o} Amazon {ambasad/o} embassy {ambasador/o} ambassador {ambau^} both {ambici/o} ambition, {~a} ambitious {Amerik/o} America {amik/o} friend, {~a} friendly, {~eco} friendship, {mal~o} enemy {amor/o} sexual love, {~i} make love {amortiz/i} amortize, deaden, {~ilo} shock absorber {ampleks/o} extent, dimension, {~a} extensive, ample {ampol/o} bulb (elec.) {amput/i} amputate {amuz/a} amusing, funny, {~i} amuse, {~(ad)o} amusement, fun, {~ig^i} have a good time {-an/} (suffix denoting citizen, member; see p. 94), {~o} citizen, member, {c^ikag~o} Chicagoan, {uson~o} U.S. citizen, {krist~o, krist~a} Christian {analfabet/a, ~o} illiterate {analiz/i} analyze, {~o} analysis {analog/a} analogous {ananas/o} pineapple {anas/o} duck {anemi/o} anemia, {~a} anemic {anemon/o} anemone {angil/o} eel {angl/o} Englishman, {~a} English, {~e} in English, {~ujo, ~io, ~olando} England, {~ismo} anglicism {angor/o} anguish, agony {angul/o} corner, angle {ang^el/o} angel, {~a} angelic {anim/o} soul, {grand~a} magnanimous, {unu~a} unanimous, {~i} animate, act as master of ceremonies {ankau^} also, too, {ankau^ mi} me too {ankorau^} still, yet, {ankorau^ ne} not yet, {~foje} once more {ankr/o, ~i} anchor {Ann/o, ~a} Anne {anonc/i} announce, advertise, give notice, {~isto} announcer, {~eto} want ad {anonim/a} anonymous {ans/o} handle {anser/o} goose, {~vice} single file {anstatau^} instead of, {~e} instead, {~i} take the place of, {~igi} substitute, replace {antau^} before, in front of, {~e} formerly, in front, {~vidi} foresee, {~parolo} foreword, {~g^oji} look forward to, {~tagmeze} a.m., {mal~} behind, {~ ol} before (conj), {~ tri tagoj} 3 days ago {anten/o} antenna {anticip/i} anticipate, think or act ahead {antikv/a} antique, ancient {Antverpen/o} Antwerp {apac^/o} apache, ruffian, "hood" {aparat/o} apparatus, set {apart/a} apart, separate, special, {~igi} separate {apartament/o} apartment {aparten/i} belong {apati/o} apathy, {~a} apathetic {apel(aci)/i, ~o} appeal (law, etc.) {apenau^} just barely, hardly {apendic/o} appendix, {~ito} appendicitis {aper/i} appear, be published, {mal~i} disappear, {~o} appearance {apetit/o} appetite, {bonan ~on} enjoy your meal {aplau^d/i} applaud, clap {aplik/i} apply (transitive verb.) {aplomb/o} aplomb, self-assurance, "nerve" {apog/i} lean, support, rest against (trans verb.), {~ilo} support, prop {apostol/o} apostle {apotek/o} pharmacy, drugstore {aprec/i, aprez/i} appreciate (as a connoisseur) {April/o} April {aprob/i} approve, {~o} approval {apud} by, beside, {~e} nearby {-ar/} (suffix denoting collection; see p. 132) {arab/o} Arab, {~a} Arabic, Arabian, {~e} in Arabic, {~io, ~ujo} Arabia {arakid/o} peanut {arane/o} spider, {~aj^o} spiderweb {arang^/i} arrange, {~o} arrangement {arb/o} tree, {~aro} forest, woods, {~eto} shrub, bush {arbust/o} shrub, bush, {~aro} shrubbery {ard/i} glow with heat, {~a} ardent, {~o} heat, passion {are/o} area {arest/i} arrest {argan/o} crane (mechanics) {argil/o} clay {arg^ent/a, ~o} silver {arh^iv/o = arkivo} {arkaik/a} archaic, obsolete {arkitekt/o} architect {arkiv/o} archives, records, files, {~ejo} record office {arkt/a} Arctic, {~o} the Arctic {arleken/o} jester, buffoon {arm/i} arm (weapons), {~ilo} weapon, {sen~a} unarmed, {sen~igi, sen~ig^i} disarm {arme/o} army, {mar~o} navy, {flug~o} air force {arogant/a} arrogant {art/o} art, {~a} artificial, artistic, {~efarita} artificial {artifik/o} subterfuge, trick(ery), {~a} contrived, by trickery {artik/o} joint (anatomy, technology), {el~igi} dislocate {artikol/o} article {artis^ok/o} artichoke {as/o} ace (cards, etc.) {asert/i} assert {asfalt/o} asphalt {asist/i} assist (officially) {asoci/o} association {aspekt/i} appear, look, {~o} aspect, appearance {aspir/i} aspire (to), hope for {astm/o} asthma {astr/o} heavenly body, {~onau^to} astronaut, spaceman {atak/i, ~o} attack, assault {atenc/i} assault, violate {atend/i} wait (for), expect, {~ejo} waiting room {atent/i} pay attention, {~igi} draw attention to, point out, {~on!} attention! look out! {atest/i} attest, testify, bear witness, {~anto} witness, {~o} testimony, certificate {ating/i} attain, reach {atlet/o} athlete, {~a} athletic, {~ismo} athletics {atm = antau^tagmeze,} a.m. {atmosfer/o} atmosphere {atom/o} atom, {~a} atomic, {~bombo} atom bomb {atut/o, ~i} trump (cards, etc.) {au^} or, {au^... au^... } either... or... {au^d/i} hear, {~antaro} audience, {~ig^i} be heard, {au^d-vida} audio-visual, {dis~igi} broadcast {au^dac/i} dare, {~a} daring {Au^gust/o} August {au^kci/o} auction {au^roro} aurora, dawn {au^skult/i} listen, {~ilo} earphone {au^str/o} Austrian, {~ujo/io} Austria {Au^strali/o} Australia, {~ano} Australian {au^t(omobil)/o} car, {~vojo} freeway, expressway {au^tobus/o} bus, {~haltejo} bus stop {au^tomat/a} automatic, {~igi} automate {au^tor/o} author {au^toritat/o} authority, {~a} authoritative {au^tun/o} autumn {av/o} grandfather, {~ino} grandmother, {pra~o} great-grandfather {avantag^/o} advantage {avar/a} miserly, stingy, {mal~a} generous {aventur/o} adventure {avenu/o} avenue {avert/i} warn, caution, {~o} warning {aviad/o} aviation, {~ilo} aircraft {avid/a} eager for, greedy, {~i} covet {aviz/i} notify, advise, {~o} notification {azen/o} donkey {Azi/o} Asia, {~a} Asian, Asiatic, {Mez~o} Central Asia {azil/o} asylum, sanctuary {ba!} "nuts!" {babil/i} chatter, "shoot the breeze" {babord/o} port side (nautical) {bagatel/a} trifling, insignificant {bak/i} bake, {~aj^o} baked goods, {~ejo} bakery {bal/o} dance, ball {bala/i} sweep, {~ilo} broom {balanc/i} rock, swing (see p. 214) {balast/o} ballast {balbut/i} stammer, stutter {baldau^} soon {Baldearaj Insuloj} Balearic Islands {baled/o} ballet {balen/o} whale {balkon/o} balcony {balon/o} balloon {ban/o} bath, {~i} bathe (transitive verb.), {~c^ambro} bathroom, {~kostumo} bathing suit, {~urbo} spa {banal/a} trite, commonplace {banan/o} banana {band/o} band, gang {bandag^/o} bandage {banderol/o} wrapper (for mailing, etc.) {bangal/o} bungalow {bang^/o} banjo {banjan/o} banyan (tree) {bank/o} bank, {~noto, ~bileto} bank note, paper money {banked/o} banquet, {~c^ambro} banquet room {bankrot/i} go broke, be bankrupt {bapt/i} baptize, christen, {~opatro} godfather {bar/i} bar, obstruct, {~ilo} fence, barrier, {~ilpordo} gate {barak/o} barrack, shanty, shack {barakt/i} writhe, flounder, move convulsively {barb/o} beard, {~isto} barber {barbar/o} barbarian, {~a} barbarianic {barbiro = barbisto} {Barbr/o, ~a} Barbara {barc^/o} borscht (soup) {barel/o} barrel {baston/o} stick, cane, baton, {lam~o} crutch {bat/i} hit, beat, {~o} a blow {batal/o, ~i} battle {baz/o} base, basis, {~i} base (transitive verb.) {bazar/o} bazaar, fair, street market {beb/o} baby {bedau^r/i} regret, be sorry about, {~inde} unfortunately, regrettably {bek/o} beak, bill {bel/a} pretty, fine, good-looking, {~ega} exquisite, gorgeous, {~sona} pretty-sounding {belg/o, ~a} Belgian, {~ujo, ~io} Belgium {bemol/o} flat (music) {ben/i} bless, {~o} blessing, {mal~i} curse {bend/o} tape (recording, adhesive, etc.), strip, binding, {~i} tape (transitive verb.) {benk/o} bench {benzin/o} gasoline, {~ujo} gas tank {ber/o} berry {best/o} animal, beast {bet/o} beet {betul/o} birch (tree) {bezon/i} need, require {Bibli/o} Bible {bibliotek/o} library {bicikl/o} bicycle {bien/o} estate, farm, property, ranch, {~isto} rancher, farmer {bier/o} beer {bifstek/o} (beef)steak {bikin/o} bikini {bilard/o} billiards {bild/o} picture {bilet/o} ticket, bill, note {bind/i} bind (books) {binokl/o} binoculars {bird/o} bird {bis!} encore! one more time! {bizar/a} bizarre, odd, weird {blag/i} kid, pull someone's leg, {~o} sly joke {blank/a} white, blank {blanket/o} blank check, carte blanche {blasfem/i} cuss, blaspheme {blek/i} bleat, bellow, neigh, etc. (general word for animal cries) {blind/a} blind, {~ulo} sightless person, {~umi} dazzle {blok/i} block, {~o} block, pad (paper) {blond/a} blond, fair, {~ul(in)o} a blond {blov/i blow, {~instrumento} wind instrument {blu/a} blue {bo/} (prefix denoting relation by marriage; see p. 193) {boa/o} boa (snake) {boat/o} boat {bobel/o, ~i} bubble {boben/o} bobbin, spool, coil {boj/i} bark {boks/i} box, {~o} boxing {bol/i} boil (intransitive verb.), {~eti} simmer {Bolivi/o} Bolivia {bols^evik/o, bols^evist/o} Bolshevik {bomb/o, ~i} bomb {bombon/o} bonbon, piece of candy {bon/a} good, nice, {~e} well, OK, {~ega} excellent, {~ulo} nice guy, {~eco} goodness, {~volu, ~vole} please, {~venon} welcome, {~s^ancon} good luck, {~deziroj} good wishes, {pli~igi} improve, {mal~a} bad {bor/i} bore, drill {bord/o} bank (of river), shore, edge {bors/o} stock exchange {bot/o} boot {botel/o} bottle, {en~igi} to bottle {bov/o} bovine animal: ox, cow, etc., {~aj^o} beef, {~ido} calf {brajl/o} Braille {brak/o} arm, {~umi} embrace, {~seg^o} armchair {branc^/o} branch, bough, {~eto} twig {brand/o} brandy {brankard/o} stretcher {brasik/o} cabbage {brav/a} gallant, worthy, {~e!} bravo! {Brazil/o} Brazil {brec^/o} breach, gap {brems/o} brakes, {~i} brake {bret/o} shelf, {~aro} set of shelves, cabinet {brid/o, ~i} bridle, restrain(t), check {brik/o, ~a} brick, {~eto} bar (candy etc.) {bril/i} shine (intransitive verb.), {~a} bright, brilliant, {ek~i} flash {brit/a} British, {~ujo/io} Britain {brod/i} embroider {brog/i} scald {brokant/a} secondhand, {~i} deal in secondhand goods, {~isto} secondhand dealer {bronz/o, ~a} bronze {bros/o, ~i} brush {bros^ur/o} paperback booklet, pamphlet, leaflet, {~(it)a} paperbacked {brov/o} (eye)brow {bru/o} noise, {~i} make a noise, {~a} noisy {brul/i} burn (intransitive verb.), {~aj^o} fuel, {~ema} flammable {brun/a} brown, {~hara} brunette, {~okula} browneyed {brust/o} chest, breast {brut/o} head of cattle, {~aro} livestock {bub/o} kid, brat, urchin; jack (cards) {buc^/i} butcher, slaughter, {~isto} butcher {bud/o} booth, stall {budg^et/o, bug^et/o} budget {buf/o} toad {bufed/o} buffet {buk/o, ~i} buckle {buked/o} bouquet {bukl/o, ~i} curl (hair) {bul/o} lump, clod, chunk {buldoz/o} bulldozer {bulk/o} roll (bread) {bulten/o} bulletin {bulvard/o} boulevard {bunkr/o} bunker, shelter (military) {bunt/a} multicolored {burd/o} bumblebee {burg^/a} middleclass, {~o} middleclass citizen, {et~a} lower middleclass, {~aro} bourgeoisie {burg^on/o, ~i} bud {bus/o} bus {bus^o} mouth, {~a} oral, {~umi} muzzle, {~tuko} napkin {buter/o} butter, {~pano} bread and butter {butik/o} boutique, shop, store, {~umi} go shopping {buton/o} button, {~(um)i} button (transitive verb.) {car/o} czar {ced/i} give way, yield, give up {cedr/o} cedar {cel/o} aim, goal, purpose, {~i} aim (gun, etc.), intend, {~ilo} (gun)sight {celebr/i} celebrate {cend/o} cent {cent} hundred, {~milo} 100,000, {jar~o} century, centennial {centr/o} center, {~a} central {central/o} power station; telephone or telegraph exchange, "nerve center" {cenzur/i, ~o} censor {cep/o} onion {cerb/o} brain, {~umi} puzzle over, rack one's brains {ceremoni/o} ceremony {cert/a} certain, {~e} certainly, {~igi} make certain, certify, {~(a)grade} to a certain degree {cerv/o} deer {ceter/a} rest of, additional, remaining, {~e} besides, moreover, what's more, {~o} remainder {ci} thou (see p. 302) {cibernetik/o} cybernetics {cic/o} nipple (human), {~umo} nipple (artificial) {cidr/o} cider {cifer/o} numeral, digit, {~plato} dial, {rond~e} in round numbers {cigan/o, ~a} Gypsy {cigar/o} cigar, {~eto} cigarillo {cigared/o} cigarette {cign/o} swan {cikatr/o} scar {cikl/o} cycle {cikoni/o} stork {cilindr/o} cylinder; roller (printing press, etc.) {cim/o} bug; bedbug {cindr/o} ash, cinder, {~ujo} ashtray, {~igi} incinerate {cinik/a} cynical {cir/o, ~i} wax, polish {cirk/o} circus {cirkl/o} circle {cirkonstanc/o} circumstance {cirkul/i} circulate (intransitive verb.), {~ado} circulation; traffic {cirkumcid/i} circumcise {cirkvit/o} circuit (electricity/electronics) {cit/i} cite, quote, {~aj^o} quotation {citron/o} lemon {civil/a} civilian, non-military {civiliz/i} civilize, {~(ad)o} civilization {civit/a} civic, {~o} incorporated town; city-state, {~ano} citizen {col/o} inch {c^agren/i} annoy, grieve (transitive verb.), {~o} annoyance, grief, disappointment {c^am/o} chamois (European mountain antelope) {c^ambr/o} room, chamber, {~aro} apartments {c^ampan/o} champagne {c^ampion/o} champion {c^an/o} trigger {c^ap/o} cap {c^apel/o} hat {c^apitr/o} chapter (book, etc.) {c^ar} because, since, for {c^ar/o} cart, chariot, {~eto} carriage (typewriter), {~umo} wheelbarrow {c^arlatan/o} charlatan, quack, imposter {c^arm/o, ~i} charm, {~a} charming {c^arpent/i} build from wood, {~isto} carpenter {c^as/i} hunt, chase, {~isto} hunter {c^e} at, with, {~esti} be present, attend {c^ef/a} chief, main, {~o} "boss," {~urbo} capital city, {~ministro} prime minister {c^eh^(oslovaki)/a, ~o} Czech(oslovakian) {c^ek/o} check (bank) {c^el/o} cell {c^emiz/o} shirt {c^en/o} chain, {~ero} link {c^eriz/o} cherry {c^erk/o} coffin {c^erp/i} draw (from a source--water, etc.), {el~ita} exhausted, used up; out of print {c^es/i} cease, stop (intransitive verb.) {c^eval/o} horse, {~ejo} stable {c^i} (denoting nearness; see p. 127) {~kune} herewith, {~momente} at this moment {c^i/} (forms correlative; see p. 127) {c^iel/o} sky, heaven, {~(glor)a} heavenly, {~arko} rainbow {c^if/i} crumple (transitive verb.), crease {c^ifon/o} rag, scrap, {~isto} ragpicker {c^ifr/o} secret code, {en~i} encipher, {de~i} decipher {C^ikag/o} Chicago, {~ano} Chicagan {c^ikan/i} quibble about, carp at; haze {C^ili/o} Chile {c^in/o, ~a} Chinese, {~ujo, ~io} China {c^irkau^} around, about, {~i} surround, {~e} roundabout, {~aj^oj} surroundings, {~preni} embrace, hug {c^iz/i} chisel, carve, {~ilo} chisel, graving tool {-c^j/} (suffix used with names; see p. 168) {c^okolad/o, ~a} chocolate {c^u} whether; makes a question (see p. 174) {C^u ne?} Isn't that so? {da} of (with expressions of quantity; see p. 123) {dafn/o} daphne {daktil/o} date (fruit) {dam/o} dame (notable lady), queen (cards, chess), king (checkers), {~oj, ~ludo} checkers {damag^i, ~o} damage {damn/i} damn, {~e} damn! {dan/o} Dane, {~a} Danish, {~ujo, ~io, ~lando} Denmark {danc/i, ~o} dance, {~ist(in)o,} dancer {dand/o} dandy, fop, dude {dang^er/o} danger, {~a} dangerous {dank/i} thank, {~on} thanks, {~' al} thanks to, {~(em)a} thankful, {ne~inde} don't mention it, you're welcome {dat/o} date (time), {~i} date (letter, etc.), {~reveno} anniversary {dau^r/i} endure, last, continue on (intransitive verb.), {~e} continuously, {~a} lasting, {~igi} continue (trans. verb.), {~igota} to be continued, {mallong~a} short-lived {de} of, from, by (see p. 293), {~longe} for a long time now, {~post} since, {~meti} put/take off, {~preni} take away, deduct, {~nove} (all over) again, {~veni} originate, come from {dec/a} fitting, proper, {~e} decently, properly, {~i} be fitting {Decembr/o} December {decid/i} decide, {~o} decision, {~ig^i} make up one's mind, {~(ig)a} decisive {dedic^/i} dedicate, devote {defend/i} defend, {(sin)~o} defense {defi/o, ~i} challenge {definitiv/a} definite, definitive, {~e} definitely, positively {degel/i} thaw, melt (intransitive verb.), {~(ig^)o} thaw, melting {dej^or/i} be on duty {dek} ten, {~a, ~ono} tenth, {~ope} by tens {dekan/o} dean (college, etc.) {deklam/i} recite (poetry, etc.), declaim {deklar/i} declare, state, {~o} declaration, statement {deklar(aci)/o} declaration, proclamation {dekliv/o} slope, hillside {dekor/i} decorate {dekor(aci)/o} decor, decoration {dekret/o, ~i} decree {dekstr/a} right(hand), {~en} to the right, {mal~a} left, {~ulo} right-hander, {~ume} clockwise {deleg/i} to delegate, {~ito} a delegate {delegaci/o} delegation {delikat/a} delicate, fine, dainty, {mal~a} coarse, crude {delir/i} be delirious, {~o} delirium {demand/i} ask (question), {pri~i} interrogate {demisi/i} resign (an office) {demokrat/o} democrat, {~a} democratic {demokrati/o} democracy {demon/o} demon, {~a} demonic {demonstr(aci)/i} demonstrate, {~o} demonstration {dens/a} dense, thick, concentrated {dent/o} tooth, {~a} dental, {~isto} dentist, {~rado} cogwheel, gear {departement/o} department (gov't, etc.) {depend/i = de/pendi} depend {deprim/i} depress, {~o} depression {depost = de/post} (ever) since {des} (see {ju}), {des pli} all the more {desegn/i} draw, design, {~(aj^)o} drawing, design {desert/o} dessert {destin/i} destine, ordain, earmark, {~o} (usually with {la}) fate, destiny {detal/o} detail, {~e} in detail, retail, {(po)~isto} retailer {detektiv/o} detective {determin/i} determine, fix {detru/i} destroy, {~(ad)o} destruction {dev/o} a duty, {~i} have to, must, {~igi} compel, {~iga} compulsory {deviz/o} watchword, motto, slogan; foreign exchange, draft on foreign bank {dezert/o} desert {dezir/o, ~i} desire, wish, want {Di/o} God, {~a} divine, {~servo} worship service {diabl/o} devil, {~a} devilish, diabolical, {~e!} darn! the dickens! {diafilm/o} film strip {diakon/o} deacon {dialekt/o} dialect {dialog/o} dialog {diamant/o} diamond {diboc^/i} live or act dissolutely, {~o} loose living, dissipation, debauchery, {~igi} corrupt {dies/o, ~a} sharp (music) {diet/o} diet, {~a} dietary {difekt/i} spoil, damage, injure {diferenc/i} differ, be different, {~o} difference, {~igi} differentiate {difin/i} define, {~o} definition, {~ita} definite {dig/o} dike, embankment, {~i} dam up, form an embankment {dign/o} dignity, {~a} dignified {dik/a} thick; corpulent; bold (type), {~eco} thickness, {mal~a} thin, {~fingro} thumb {dikt/i} dictate {diktator/o} dictator {diktatur/o} dictatorship {dilem/o} dilemma {diletant/o} dilettante, dabbler {diligent/a} diligent, hardworking {diluv/o} flood, deluge, {antau^~a} antediluvian; very ancient {dimanc^/o} Sunday {diplom/o} diploma, {~ito} a graduate, {~ig^i} graduate, {~ita} certificated {diplomat/o} diplomat {dir/i} say, tell, {antau^~i} foretell, {kontrau^~i} contradict, {lau^~e} allegedly, so-called, {oni~o} rumor {direkt/i} direct, manage, steer, {~ilo} rudder, helm, handlebars, {~o} direction {direktor/o} director, manager {dis/} (prefix denoting dispersal or separation; see p. 179) {~igi} separate, divide {disciplin/o} discipline {disc^ipl/o} disciple {disk/o} disc, (phonograph) record, (telephone) dial, {~i} dial (on telephone) {diskut/i} discuss, {~(ad)o} discussion {dispon/i (pri)} have at one's disposal, have available to use or dispose of, {~o} disposition, {~igi} make available {disput/i} dispute, argue {distanc/o} distance {disting/i} distinguish, {~a} distinctive, {~o} renown, distinction {distr/i} distract, divert, entertain, {~ita} distracted, absent-minded {distribu/i} distribute {distrikt/o} district {divan/o} divan, couch {diven/i} guess right, find out by guessing {divers/a} varied, various {divid/i} divide, separate; share {divizi/o} division (military) {do} so, then, therefore {dogan/o} customs, duty (at border), {~ejo} customshouse {dogm/o} dogma {dok/o} dock {doktor/o} doctor (title) {dokument/o} document {dolar/o} dollar {dolc^/a} sweet; gentle, soft, tender, {~aj^o} candy, {~ul(in)o} sweetheart, {~e!} take it easy! {dolor/o} pain, {~i} be painful, hurt (intransitive verb.), {~igi} hurt (transitive verb.); N.B. {La dorso doloras al mi,} or {La dorso doloras min,} My back is hurting me; but {Mi dolorigis la dorson,} I've hurt my back. {dom/o} house, building, {~eto} cottage, {~ego} mansion {domag^/i} begrudge or regret; wish to spare (some misfortune, expense, etc.), {~o} a pity, {~e} what a pity, that's too bad {don/i} give, {el~i} publish, issue, {re~i} give back, return, {al~i} add, {dis~i} distribute, deal (cards), {sin~(em)a} devoted, selfless {donac/i} give (present), {~o} gift, present, {~e} as a gift, gratis {Donjuan/o, donj^uan/o} a Don Juan, woman-chaser {dorlot/i} pamper, pet, coddle {dorm/i, ~o} sleep, {~ema} sleepy, {~igi} put to sleep, {en~ig^i} go to sleep, {~eti} nap {dorn/o} thorn {dors/o} back {dot/o} dowry, {~i} endow {doz/o} dose, {~i} measure out (medicine, etc.) {drak/o} dragon {dram/o} drama {drap/o} (woolen) cloth {drapir/o} drape(ry), cloth covering (window, bed, etc.), {~i} drape {drast/a} drastic {dras^/i} thresh {drat/o} wire, {pik~o} barbed wire {dres/i} tame, train (animals) {drink/i} drink (to excess), {~aj^o} "booze," {~(em)ulo} a boozer, alcoholic {driv/i} drift {drog/o} drug {dron/i} drown (intransitive verb.), {~igi} drown (transitive verb.) {du} two, {~a} second, {~ono} half, {~ope} by twos, {~obla, ~obligi} double {dub/i, ~o} doubt, {~inda} doubtful, {sen~e} no doubt {duk/o} duke {dum} during, while, {~e} meanwhile, in the meantime {dung/i} hire, employ, {mal~i} fire, {~ito} employee {dus^/o} shower, {~ejo} showerstall, {~ilo} showerhead, {sin~i} take a shower {eben/a} level, even, smooth, {~aj^o} plain {ebl/a} possible, {~(ec)o} possibility, {~i} be possible, {~e} maybe (also as suffix; see p. 154), {Kiel eble plej baldau^} As soon as possible {ebri/a} drunk, {~o} drunkenness, {~ulo} a drunk, {~ig^i} get drunk {-ec/} (suffix denoting a quality; see p. 186), {~o} a quality {ec^} even {edelvejs/o} edelweiss {eduk/i} educate, bring up {edz/o} husband, {~ino} wife, {~(in)ig^i} get married, {eks~ig^i} get divorced, {ge~oj} married people, a couple {efekt/o} effect, impression produced {efektiv/a} actual, real, {~e} in fact, actually, {~igi} bring about, {~ig^i} come to pass, come true {efik/i} have effect, be effective, {~o} effect {-eg/} (suffix denoting augmentation; see p. 104) {~e} extremely {egal/a, ~i} equal, {~e} equally, all the same; it doesn't matter, {~eco} equality; a draw (tied score) {eh^/o} echo {-ej/} (suffix denoting place; see p. 82) {~o} place {ek/} (prefix denoting moment of beginning; see pp. 92, 211) {ek!} away we go, let's start! {~de} since, beginning as of {ekip/i} equip, {~(aj^)o} equipment {eklezi/a} ecclesiastic, {~o} church (institution, not building) {ekonomi/o} economy {ekonomik/o} economics, {~a} economical {ekran/o} screen {eks/} (prefix denoting former, ex-; see p. 220) {~ig^i} resign, {~igi} fire, discharge {ekscit/i} excite, {~a} exciting, {~o} excitation, excitement {eksklud/i} exclude {ekskluziv/a} exclusive {ekskurs/o} excursion, sightseeing trip, outing {eksped/i} dispatch, ship, send off {ekspedici/o} expedition {eksperiment/o, ~i} experiment, {~a} experimental {ekspert/o} expert, specialist {eksplod/i} explode (intransitive verb.), {~o} explosion, {~motoro} internal combustion engine, {~ilo} explosive device, {~aj^o} explosive, {~igi} blow up (transitive verb.) {ekspluat/i} exploit, utilize {ekspon/i} exhibit, demonstrate; expose (photography) {eksport/i} export {ekspres/o} express (train, messenger) {ekstaz/o} ecstasy, {~a} ecstatic {ekster} outside of, {~a} outer, external, {~(aj^)o} exterior, {~e} outside, {~lando, ~lande} abroad, {~ordinara} extraordinary {ekstravaganc/a} extravagant, high-flown {ekstrem/a} extreme {ekvator/o} equator {ekvilibr/o} equilibrium, balance {ekvivalent/o, ~a} equivalent {ekz.} abbreviation for {ekzemple} {ekzamen/i} examine, {~o} examination, test {ekzekut/i} execute (criminal) {ekzempl/o} example, {~e} for example {ekzempler/o} copy (of book, etc.) {ekzerc/i, ~o} exercise, {sin ~i} practice {ekzist/i} exist, {~o} existence {ekzotik/a} exotic {el} out of, from (also as prefix; see p. 253), {~iri} exit, go out, {~uzi} use up, wear out, {~paroli} pronounce, {~lerni} master (learn completely) {elast/a} elastic {elegant/a} elegant, {mal~a} coarse, crude {elekt/i} choose, elect, pick out, {~o} choice, election {elektr/a} electric, {~o} electricity {elektron/o} electron {elektronik/a} electronic, {~o} electronics {element/o} element, {~a} elementary, elemental {elimin/i} eliminate {elizi/i} elide, {~o} elision {elokvent/a} eloquent {-em/} (suffix denoting inclination; see p. 197) {~i} have a tendency to {embaras/o} embarrassment, perplexity, difficult situation, {~i} embarrass, put in a "difficult spot" {embusk/o, ~i} ambush {emerit/a} retired, {~o} retired person {emfaz/o} emphasis, {~a} emphatic, {~i} emphasize {eminent/a} eminent {emoci/o} emotion, {~i} move, stir emotionally {en} in, into, {~iri} enter, go in, {~landa} domestic, {~havi} contain, include, {~havo} contents, {~ig^i} get in, {~igi} insert, {~migri} immigrate {enciklopedi/o} encyclopedia {-end/} (suffix denoting compulsion; see p. 245) {far~aj^oj} things that need to be done {energi/o} energy, {~a} energetic {enigm/o} enigma, puzzle, riddle {enket/o} inquiry, investigation, {~i} investigate {entrepren/i} undertake, take it upon oneself to do, {~o} enterprise, {~ema} enterprising {entuziasm/o} enthusiasm, {~a} enthusiastic {enu/i} be bored, be tired (of something), {~ig^i} get bored, {~(ig)a} boring {envi/i, ~o} envy, {~a} envious {episkop/o} bishop, {~a} episcopal {epizod/o} episode {epok/o} epoch, era, age {epope/o} epic poem, {~a} epic {-er/} (suffix denoting single element; see p. 154) {~o} item, particle, element {dis~igi} disintegrate {erar/i} err, make a mistake, {~o} error {erik/o} heather, {~ejo} heath {ermit/o} hermit {erotik/a} erotic {escept/i} except, exclude, {~o} exception, {~e de} with the exception of {esenc/o} essence, {~a} essential {eskal/o} ladder, {~i} scale (walls, etc.) {eskalator/o} escalator {eskap/i, ~o} escape {eskort/i, ~o} escort {esper/i, ~o} hope, {~anto} Esperanto, {~eble} hopefully, {mal~i} despair {esplor/i} explore, investigate, research, {~(ad)o} exploration, etc. {esprim/i} express, {~o} expression {est/as} am, is, are, {~i} to be, {kio ~as?} what's wrong?, {~onta, ~ont(ec)o} future, {for~o} absence {establ/i} establish, {~o} establishment {estim/i} esteem, think well of, {~ata Sinjoro} Dear Sir, {mal~i} despise, {mal~o} contempt {esting/i} extinguish, put out (light, fire, etc.) {-estr/} (suffix denoting chief person; see p. 212) {~o} leader, chief, "boss," {~i} head up, {~aro} board of directors {estrad/o} platform, stage {es^afod/o} scaffold (for executions) {-et/} (suffix denoting diminution; see p. 104) {~a} tiny {etag^/o} story, floor, {tri~a} 3-storied, {ter~o} ground floor {etap/o} stage in a process or trip {etend/i} extend, stretch out (transitive verb.) {etern/a} eternal, {~(ec)o} eternality, {La Eternulo} The Lord {etik/o} ethic(s), {~a} ethical {etiked/o} label {etiket/o} etiquette {etos/o} atmosphere, mood (of a place, etc.) {Eu^rop/o} Europe, {~a} European {evaku/i} evacuate (transitive verb.) {evangeli/o} gospel, {~a} evangelical {event/o} event {eventual/o} eventuality, contingency, {~e} if the occasion arises, "if and when," {~a} contingent, possible under certain circumstances, "if any" {evident/a} obvious, evident {evit/i} avoid, evade {evolu/i} evolve, develop (intransitive verb.), {~(ad)o} evolution, {~lando} developing nation {fab/o} bean {fabel/o} story, (fairy)tale {fabrik/o} factory, {~i} manufacture, fabricate {facil/a} easy, {~igi} facilitate, {~anima} impulsive, flighty {faden/o} thread {fajf/i} whistle {fag/o} beech {fajr/o} fire, {~ero} spark, {~ilo} lighter, {~aj^o} fireworks, {~ujo} ~box, {donu al mi ~on} give me a light {fak/o} compartment, pigeonhole, department, speciality, {~ulo} specialist, expert, {~aro} files (cabinet, etc.) {fakt/o} fact, {~a} factual, {~e} in fact {faktur/o, ~i} invoice {fakultat/o} faculty (university, etc.) {fal/i} fall (down), drop (intransitive verb.), {~igi} drop (transitive verb.), {~eti} stumble {falc^/i} mow, cut (hay, etc.), {~ilo} scythe {fals/a} false, {~igi} falsify, {~aj^o} counterfeit {fam/o} fame, repute; hearsay, {~a} famous, {bon~a} of good repute {famili/o} family {fanatik/a} fanatical {fand/i} melt (transitive verb.) {fanfar/o} fanfare, flourish {fanfaron/i} brag {fantazi/o} fantasy, {~a} fantastic, of fantasy {fantom/o} ghost, phantom, {~i} haunt {far/i} make, do, {~o} deed, {~ig^i} be(come)(made); (for {far, far', fare de} see p. 293) {farb/i, ~o} paint (house, etc.) {farc^/i} stuff (cooking), {~o} stuffing {farm/i, ~o} farm, {~igi} farm out, {~isto} farmer (properly refers to working land for another) {fart/i} fare, {kiel vi ~as?} how are you? {bon~o} well-being {farun/o} flour, meal, {~aj^o} pastry; bakery item (any food made from flour) {fasad/o} facade, "front" {fascin/i} fascinate, {~a} fascinating {fask/o} bundle, sheaf {fatal/o} (ill) fate, {~a} ill-fated {fau^k/o} jaws, maw, {~i} gape, yawn {favor/o, ~i} favor, {~a} favorable, advantageous, {~ata} favorite {faz/o} phase {fe(in)/o, ~a} fairy {febr/o} fever, {~a} feverish, {~i} have a fever {Februar/o} February {federaci/o} federation {federal/a} federal {fek/i} defecate, {~(aj^)o} excrement, dung {fekund/a} fertile {fel/o} fur, hide, skin (animal) {felic^/a} happy, {~(ec)o} happyness {femur/o} thigh {fend/i} split (transitive verb.), {~(aj^)o} crack, crevice {fenestr/o} window, {~umo} shutter {fenomen/o} phenomenon, {~a} phenomenal {fer/o, ~a} iron, {~vojo} railway {ferdek/o} deck (ship, etc.) {feri/o} holiday, {la ~oj} vacation {ferm/i} close (transitive verb.), {~ig^i} close (intransitive verb.), {mal~i} open {ferment/i} ferment, {~ilo} yeast, leaven, {~aj^o} "starter" dough {feroc/a} fierce {fervor/o} zeal, fervor, {~a} zealous, {~i} be zealous {fest/i} celebrate, {~o} celebration, party {festen/o} banquet, feast {feu^d/o} fief, {~a} feudal, {~ulo} vassal {fi!} shame! {~rakonto} dirty story, {~fama} of ill repute (see p. 277) {fianc^(in)/o} fiance(e) {fiask/o} fiasco, failure, {~i} fail {fibol/o} safety pin {fibr/o} fiber {fid/o} faith, trust, {~i (je)} have faith (in), rely on, {~inda} trustworthy, reliable, {mem~a} confident, self-assured {fidel/a} faithful {fier/a} proud, {~o} pride, {~i (pri)} be proud (of) {figur/o} figure; representation, image, diagram, {~i} represent, depict, {~a} figurative, {~anto} extra (performer in a play, etc.) {fikci/o} fiction, {~a} fictional, fictitious {fiks/i} make fast, attach, determine, fix (incl. photography), {~a} fixed {fil/o} son, {~ino} daughter {filatel(i)/o} philately (stamp-collecting) {fili/o} branch, affiliate, {~igi, ig^i} affiliate {filik/o} fern {film/o} film {filozof/o} philosopher, {~i} philosophize, {~io} philosophy {filtr/i, ~ilo} filter {fin/i} finish, end (transitive verb.), {~o} end, {~aj^o} ending, {~a} final, {~e} finally, at last, {fin~fine} at long last, {~ig^i} end up, come to the end, {~stacio} end-of-the-line {financ/o, ~i} finance, {~a} financial {fingr/o} finger, {dik~o} thumb, {pied~o} toe, {~ingo} thimble, {~umi} finger, handle {finn/o} Finn, {~a} ~ish, {~ujo, ~io, ~lando} Finland {firm/a} firm, stable, {~(a)o} a firm (commercial business) {fis^/o, ~i} fish, {~kapti} go ~ing {fizik/o} physics, {~a} physical {fizionomi/o} physiognomy (face) {fjord/o} fjord, inlet {flag/o} flag, banner {flagr/i} flare (up), {ek~i} burst into flames, {~eti} flicker {flam/o, ~i} flame, {~kapa} hot-headed {flan/o} any flat, thin pastry (pancake, etc.) {flanel/o, ~a} flannel {flank/o} side, {~a} side, incidental, {~en} to the side, {~e(n) de} alongside, {de~ig^i} go astray, get off the subject, {~okupo} sideline, {unu~a} unilateral {flar/i} smell (with nose) {flat/i} flatter, {~(ad)o} ~y {flav/a, ~o} yellow {fleg/i} nurse, tend to, {~ist(in)o} nurse {flegm/o} phlegm; indifference, {~a} passive, stolid, indifferent {fleks/i} bend (transitive verb.), {~ebla} flexible {flik/i} patch (up), mend, {~aj^o} patch {flirt/i} flutter, flit; flirt {flor/o, ~i} flower, bloom, {ek~i} come into bloom {flos/o} raft, {~i} float {flu/i} flow, {~o} current, stream, {~a} fluent, {~aj^o} fluid, {~linia} streamlined, {super~a} overflowing; superfluous {flug/i} fly, {~o} flight, {~ilo} wing, {~haveno} airport, {~mas^ino} aircraft, {~folio} flier (leaflet) {fluid/a, ~(aj^)o} liquid {flus/o, ~a} flood (tide), {mal~a, mal~o} ebb {flustr/i, ~o} whisper {foir/o} fair (market) {foj/o} time, occasion, {~a} occasional, {~e} on occasion, once, sometimes, {unu~e} on one occasion, one time, {unua~e} for the first time, {kelk~e} several times {fojn/o} hay, {~amaso} ~stack {fok/o} seal (animal) {fokus/o} focus {foli/o} leaf, sheet (paper), {~aro} foliage, {~umi} leaf through {folklor/o} folklore {fon/o} background {fond/i} found, establish, {~aj^o} foundation {fondus/o} fund {fonetik/a} phonetic, {~o} ~s {fonograf/o} cylinder phonograph {font/o} source, spring, {~i} spring, well up, {~oplumo} fountain pen {fontan/o} fountain {for} away, {~a} distant, {~igi} remove, get rid of, {~iri} go away, {~preni} take away, {~lasi} leave, abandon, {~mang^i} eat up, {~esti} be absent, {~permeso} furlough, leave {forges/i} forget {fork/o} fork {form/o, ~i} form, shape, {re~i} reform, {ali~igi, trans~i} transform, {unu~a} uniform {formal/a} formal {formik/o} ant, {~i} feel "pins and needles" {formul/o} formula, {~i} formulate, {~aro} blank, form (to be filled in) {forn/o} stove, oven, furnace, kiln {fort/a} strong, {~(ec)o} strength, force, {(pli)~igi} fortify, {super~i} prevail over, {per~i} violate, {per~o} violence, {~ostrec^o} exertion {fortik/a} sturdy, robust, {~aj^o} fortification {Fortun/o} Fortune {forum/o} forum {fos/i} dig, {~aj^o} pit, hole, ditch, etc., {~ilo} spade, {sub~i} undermine, subvert, {sub~a} subversive {fosfor/o} phosphorus {fosforesk/a} phosphorescent, {~i} glow in the dark {fost/o} post, stake, stanchion (any such vertical support) {fot(ograf)/i} photograph, {~isto} ~er, {fot(ografaj^)o} photo {frag/o} strawberry {fragment/o} fragment, {~a} ~ary {frak/o} evening dress, "tails" {frakas/i} shatter, smash {frakci/o} fraction {fraksen/o} ash (tree) {framason/o} (free)mason, {~a} masonic {framb/o} raspberry {franc/o} Frenchman, {~a} French, {~ujo, ~io} France {frand/i} relish, eat (some delicacy) for pleasure, {~aj^o} tidbit, delicacy {frang^/o} fringe {frap/i} hit, knock, {~eti} tap {frat/o} brother, {~ino} sister {frau^d/i} defraud, swindle {frau^l/o} bachelor, {~ino} unmarried woman, Miss {fraz/o} sentence {frekvent/i} frequent, visit regularly {fremd/a} foreign, strange, {~ulo} foreigner, stranger {frenez/a} crazy, insane, {~i} rave, act crazy, {~ig^i} go crazy, {~ulo} lunatic, {~ulejo} insane asylum {fres^/a} fresh, recent, {mal~a} stale, {re~igi} refresh {frid/a} frigid, cold, {~igi} refrigerate, {~ujo} refrigerator {fripon/o} crook, cheat(er), {~i} do something crooked, cheat (intransitive verb.), {pri~i} cheat (transitive verb.) {frit/i} fry (transitive verb.) {frivol/a} frivolous, {~o} frivolity {friz/i} curl, "do" (hair), {~o} hair-do, {~isto} hairdresser {fromag^/o} cheese {front/o} (battle)front, frontage, {(al)~i} face {frost/o, ~a} freezing cold, {~igi} freeze, {~igilo} freezer, {~ovundo} frostbite {frot/i} rub, {~(ad)o} friction {fru/a} early, {mal~a} late, {mal~i} be late, {pli mal~e} later (on) {frukt/o} fruit, {~i} bear fruit, {~odona, ~oporta} fruitful {frunt/o} forehead {frustr/i} frustrate {fug^/i} flee, run away {fulg/o} soot {fulm/o} lightning {fum/o, ~i} smoke, {~tubo} ~stack, {ne fumi} no smoking {fund/o} bottom, foundation, {g^is~a} thoroughgoing {fundament/a} fundamental, {~o} foundation {funebr/i} mourn, {~a} ~ful, {~o} ~ing, {~aj^oj} funeral services {funel/o, ~i} funnel {fung/o} mushroom, fungus {funkci/i} function, "work," {~o} function, {~ulo} functionary, {mal~(ig^)i} be/go on the blink, malfunction {funt/o} pound {furioz/a} furious {furor/o} hit, craze, an "in thing," {~i} be a hit, be "in," {~libro} bestseller {furz/i, ~o} fart {fusil/o} rifle {fus^/i} bungle, botch, "screw up" {fut/o} foot (12 inches) {futbal/o} soccer, {usona ~o} football {gabardin/o} gabardine {gael/a} Gaelic {gaj/a} cheerful, merry, {mal~a} sad, dreary {gajn/i} gain, earn, win {gal/o} gall, bile {galeri/o} gallery {galjon/o} galloon, gold braid; stripe (uniform) {galop/i, ~o} gallop {galos^/o} galosh, overshoe {gam/o} gamut, scale, key (music) {gamb/o} whole leg (see p. 278) {gangster/o} gangster, hoodlum {gant/o} glove, mitten {gap/i} gape, gawk, look about stupidly {garag^/o} garage, {~i} put away (car), dock (boat) {garanti/o, ~i} guarantee, warrant, {~aj^o} pledge (pawn), security (loan), {~ulo} hostage {gard/i} guard, watch over, {sin~i} take care, {sin~ema} cautious, careful, {~u vin!} look out! (military: "Atten-tion!") {gargar/i} gargle; rinse (dishes, etc.) {garn/i} garnish, trim, fit out {garnizon/o} garrison {gast/o} guest, {~i} be a guest, receive hospitality, stay with, {~igi} entertain, put (somebody) up, {~iganto} host, {~ama} hospitable, {~ameco} hospitality, {~ejo} inn, hostel {gazet/o} gazette, periodical, (small) magazine, {~aro} press {gazon/o} lawn {ge/} (prefix denoting both sexes; see p. 167) {gencian/o} gentian {gener/i} generate, beget, {~a} genital {generaci/o} generation {general/o} general (military) {geni/o} genius, {~a} ingenious, {~ulo} genius {gent/o} clan, race, ethnic group {genu/o} knee, {~(ig^)i} kneel {geograf/o} geographer {geografi/o} geography {geolog/o} geologist {geologi/o} geology {german/o, ~a} German, {~ujo, ~io} ~y {gest/o, ~i} gesture, {~lingvo} sign language {gic^et/o} window (ticket-seller's, bank, etc.) {gigant/o} giant, {~a} gigantic {gimnazi/o} secondary school (see p. 258) {gingiv/o} gum (mouth) {gips/o} gypsum, plaster of Paris {girland/o} garland, wreath {gist/o} yeast {gitar/o} guitar {glaci/o} ice, {~a} icy, {~aj^o} ~cream, {~monto} ~berg, {~ejo} glacier {glad/i} iron (clothes), {~ilo} iron, {~otabulo} ~ing board {glas/o} glass (also plastic, metal, etc., for drinking) {glat/a} smooth, {~igi} (make) smooth, {~umi} pet, rub soothingly, stroke {glav/o} sword, {~ingo} scabbard {glazur/o, ~i} glaze (pottery) {glis/i} glide (through air), {~ilo} glider, sailplane, {pend~ilo} hang-glider {glit/i} slide, slip, {~kuri, ~(kur)ilo} skate, {~(ig)a} slippery, {~pilko} hockey {glob/o} globe; ball (billiard, bowling, etc.); ball-bearing; {~eto} marble; corpuscle, {~krajon/o} ballpoint pen, {~lud(ad)o} bowling, {~trotulo} globe-trotter, {ter~o} the globe (earth) {glor/o} glory, {~a} glorious, {~i} glorify (transitive verb.), {~kanto} paean {glos/o} a gloss, {~aro} glossary {glu/i} glue, stick (transitive verb.), {~(aj^)o} glue, {~marko} sticker {glut/i} swallow, {en~i} swallow up, engulf, {~egi} gulp down {golf/o} gulf, bay; golf {gorg^/o} throat {goril/o} gorilla {grac/o} grace (of God) {graci/a} graceful, {~(ec)o} grace(fulness), {mal~a} awkward {grad/o} degree, grade, {(lau^)~a} gradual {graf/o} count, {~lando} ~y (in Europe) {grafik/o} graphic arts, {~a} graphic, {~aj^o} graph {grajn/o} grain {grak/i} caw, croak {gram/o} gram (weight) {gramatik/o} grammar {gramofon/o} phonograph, record-player {grand/a} big, great, {~ega} huge, {mal~a} small, {~(ec)o} size, {po~e} wholesale, {~anima} magnanimous, {pli~igi} enlarge {gras/o} grease, fat, {~a} greasy, fatty, {~i} grease {grat/i} scratch {gratul/i} congratulate, {~o} congratulation {grav/a} important, serious, {ne ~as} it doesn't matter {graved/a} pregnant, {~ig^i} conceive {gravit/o} gravity {gravur/i} engrave, {~(aj^)o} engraving {greg/o} flock, herd {grek/o, ~a} Greek, {~ujo, ~io} Greece {gren/o} grain (of wheat, etc.) {grenad/o} grenade {gril/o} cricket (insect) {grimac/o, ~i} grimace {grimp/i} climb {grinc/i} grind, gnash (teeth), grate, creak {grip/o} flu, influenza {griz/o, ~a} gray {gros^/o} groschen (small coin) {grot/o} grotto, cave {grotesk/a} grotesque {gru/o} crane (bird, machine) {grumbl/i} grumble, growl {grund/o} ground, soil {grup/o} group {gruz/o} gravel, grit {guberni/o} province (E. Europe) {gudr/o, ~i} tar {gulas^/o} goulash, stew {gulden/o} guilder (Dutch money) {gum/i} erase, {~o} ~r, gum, {mac^~o} chewing gum {gurd/o} hurdy-gurdy, barrel organ, {~isto} organ grinder, {~ita} hackneyed, "corny" {gust/o} taste, {~i} taste (intransitive verb.), {~igi} season, flavor, {~umi} taste (food, etc.), {bon~o} good taste, {bon~a} tasty, {sen~a} tasteless, {~umo} (sense of) taste (see p.228). {gut/o} drip, drop, {~i} drip, {~eto} droplet {guvern/i} teach privately, coach, {~isto} tutor, {~istino} governess {gvardi/o} guard (elite military corps, not sentry) {gvat/i} spy on, keep an eye on, {~sekvi} shadow, "tail" {gvid/i} guide, lead, show the way, {~ilo} guide-book, {~isto} guide {g^angal/o} jungle {g^arden/o} garden {g^em/i} groan, moan {g^emel/o, ~a} twin {g^en/i} bother, trouble, disturb, {sen~a} free and easy, without ceremony, {sin~a} shy, self-conscious {g^endarm/o} gendarme, patrolman {g^eneral/a} general {g^enr/o} genre {g^entil/a} polite, courteous, well brought up {g^erm/o} germ (beginning of growth), {~i} ~inate {g^i} it, {~a} ~s {g^ib/o} hump, {~(hav)a} hunch-backed, {~ulo} hunchback {g^in/o} gin (drink) {g^ir/i} endorse (check, etc.), {~o} ~ment, {~anto} ~r, {~ato} ~e {g^is} until, {g^is la revido} so long, goodbye, {g^is morgau^} until tomorrow, by tomorrow, {g^is!} So long! {g^oj/i} be glad, {~(ec)o} gladness, joy, {~a} glad, {mal~a} sad, {mal~o} sorrow, sadness, {~igi} make (someone) glad {g^u/i} enjoy, delight in {g^ust/a} right, exact, {~e} just, exactly, {(al)~igi} put right, adjust, {mal~a} wrong, {~atempe} at the right time {ha!} ah! {Ha lo?} Hello? (telephone) {Hag/o} The Hague {hajl/o} hail, {~ero} ~stone {hak/i} chop, hack, {~ilo} axe, {~eti} mince, dice, chop (food), {~viando} hamburger meat {hal/o} hall (great room) {haladz/o} fume(s), gassy odor, {~a} fumy, gassy, {~i} fume, give off a noxious odor {halt/i} come to a halt, {~o} stop, {bus~ejo} busstop, {~igi} stop (transitive verb.) {hant/i} haunt {har/o} a hair, {~oj, ~aro} hair {hard/i} harden, temper {harem/o} harem {harmoni/o} harmony, {~a} harmonious, {~i} harmonize {harp/o} harp {has^is^/o} hashish, marijuana {hau^t/o} skin, {sen~igi} skin {hav/i} have, {mal~i} lack, {~igi} procure, get, {~ebla} available, {en~o} contents, {nemal~ebla} indispensable {haven/o} harbor, port {hazard/o} chance, "luck of the draw," {~e} by chance, {~a} random, chance {he!} hey! {hebre/o, ~a} Hebrew, Jew(ish) {heder/o} ivy {heg^/o} hedge {hejm/o} home, {~e} at home, {~eca} ~y {hejt/i} heat; stoke, {~ilo} heater, {~aj^o} fuel {hel/a} bright, clear, light(colored), {mal~a} dark {helebor/o} hellebore {helic/o} helix, propeller {helik/o} snail {help/i} help, {~o} aid, {unua ~o} first aid, {~a} auxiliary, {~ema} ~ful, {mal~i} hinder {hemisfer/o} hemisphere {hen/i} whinny {hepat/o} liver {herb/o} grass, {~ejo} ~y place, meadow {hered/i} inherit, {~aj^o} ~ance, {~igi} bequeath, leave {herez/o} heresy, {~a} heretical, {~ulo} heretic {hero/o} hero, {~a} ~ic, {~ino} ~ine {heroin/o} heroin {herold/o, ~i} herald {herpet/o} herpes {hezit/i} hesitate, {~o} hesitation {hierau^} yesterday, {antau^~} day-before-yesterday, {~a} of yesterday {higien/o} hygiene, {~a} hygienic {himn/o} hymn, anthem {hind/o, ~a} Indian (Asia), {~ujo, ~io} India {hindu/o, ~a} Hindu {hipnot/o} hypnotic trance, {~igi} hypnotize, {~isto} hypnotist {hipokrit/i} dissemble, {~a} hypocritical, {~ulo} hypocrite {hipotez/o} hypothesis, {~a} hypothetical, {~i} hypothesize {hirt/i} bristle (hair, etc.), {~a} bristling, untidy, standing on end, {~igi} tousle {hirund/o} swallow (bird) {his/i} hoist, run up (flag, etc.), {~ilo} halyard {hispan/o} Spaniard, {~a} Spanish, {~ujo, ~io, ~lando} Spain {histeri/o} hysteria, {~a} hysterical {histori/o} history, story {hmm!} hmm! {ho!} oh! {hobi/o} hobby {hoboj/o} oboe {hodiau^} today, {~a} present-day, {la ~a tempo} nowadays {hoj!} ahoy! {hok/o, ~a} hook {hoke/o} hockey {hola!} hey, there! hold on! {Holand/o} Holland, {~ano} ~er, Dutchman, {~a} Dutch {hom/o} human being, "man," {~aro} mankind, humanity, {~amaso} crowd {honest/a} honest {honor/i, ~o} honor {hont/i} be ashamed, {~o} shame, {~a} ashamed, {~igi} put to shame, {~inda} shameful, {~e al... } shame on... {hor/o} hour, time (of day), {~aro} time-table, schedule (bus, etc.) {horde/o} barley {horizont/o} horizon {horizontal/a} horizontal {horlog^/o} clock, watch, {brak~} wrist-watch {horor/o} horror, {~i} be horrified {hospital/o} hospital {hotel/o} hotel {hu!} boo! {huf/o} hoof, {~fero} horseshoe {human/a} humane, {~isto} humanist {humid/a} humid, moist, damp {humil/a} humble, {~eco} humility {humor/o} humor (mood, temper) {humur/o} humor (wit), {~a} ~ous {hund/o} dog, {~a} canine {hungar/o, ~a} Hungarian, {~ujo, ~io/-lando} Hungary {hura!} hurrah! {~i, ~o} cheer {hurl/i, ~o} howl {h^aos/o} chaos, {~a} chaotic {h^emi/o} chemistry, {~isto} chemist (preferred form: {kemio,} etc.) {h^imer/o} chimera, {~a} chimerical {h^in/o, ~a} Chinese (preferred form: {c^ino,} etc.) {h^irurg/o} surgeon, {~a} surgical, {~io} surgery (the science) {h^oler/o} cholera {h^or/o} choir, chorus, {~ejo} choir loft {i-} (forms correlative; see p. 127) {-id/} (suffix denoting offspring; see p. 212), {~aro} descendants {ide/o} idea {ideal/o, ~a} ideal, {~isto} idealist {ident/o} identity, {~a} identical, {~igi} identify {ideografi/o} picture writing {ideologi/o} ideology {idiom/o} tongue, language {idiot/o} idiot, {~a} ~ic, {~eco} idiocy {idiotism/o} idiom {idol/o} idol, {~ano} ~ator {-ig/} (suffix denoting cause; see pp. 103, 201), {~i} cause (to be), make {ignor/i} ignore {-ig^/} (suffix denoting becoming; see pp. 117, 208), {~i} become, "get" {iks/o} the letter X, {~radioj} X-rays {-il/} (suffix denoting instrument; see p. 117), {~o} tool {ileks/o} holly {ili} they, {~a} their {ilumin/i} illuminate, enlighten {ilustr/i} illustrate, {~aj^o} illustration {iluzi/o} illusion, {~a} misleading, {~i} delude, {~isto} magician, {sen~igi} set (someone) straight, {sen~ig^i} become disillusioned {imag/i} imagine, {~o} imagination {imit/i} imitate, {~(ad)o, ~aj^o} imitation {imperi/o} empire, {~estro} emperor, {~ismo} imperialism, {~isto} imperialist {imperialism/o} imperialism {impertinent/a} impertinent, {~eco} impertinence, {~ulo} boor {impet/o} rapid or strong forward movement, {~i} move forward with great energy {implic/i} imply {implik/i} implicate, entangle {impon/i} impress forcibly, strike, {~a} imposing {impost/o, ~i} tax, {~isto} tax collector, revenue agent, {~ebla} subject to tax {impres/o} impression, {~i} make an impression on, {~ebla, ~ig^ema} ~able {impuls/o} impulse, impetus, {~i} impel {imun/a} immune {-in/} (suffix denoting feminine; see p. 82), {~o, ~a} female {inau^gur(aci)/i} inaugurate, {~o} inauguration, {~a} inaugural {incendi/o} conflagration, fire, {~a} incendiary {incens/o} incense {incit/i} incite, provoke, excite, {~eti} tease {-ind/} (suffix denoting worth; see p. 154), {~a} worthy {indeks/o, ~i} index (by alphabet) {indian/o, ~a} (American) Indian {indiferent/a} indifferent; immaterial {indign/i} be indignant {indig^en/o, ~a} native {indik/i} indicate, {~o} indication {individu/o, ~a} individual {indulg/i} indulge, be lenient with, spare {industri/o} industry, {~a} industrial, {~isto} industrialist {inert/a} inert {infan/o} child, {~(ec)a} ~ish {infanteri/o} infantry {infekt/i} infect, {~o} ~ion, {sen~igi} dis~ {infer/o} hell, {~a} infernal {infest/i} infest, {~o} ~ation {inflaci/o} inflation (finance) {influ/o, ~i} influence {inform/i} inform, make known, {~(aj^)o} information, {~ig^i} find out, be advised, {~ado} publicity {-ing/} (suffix denoting holder or socket), {glav~o} scabbard, {kandel~o} candlestick, {fingr~o} thimble, {~o} socket, holder {ingven/o} groin {ing^enier/o} engineer {iniciat/i} initiate (a thing), start {injekt/i} inject, {~ilo} (hypodermic) syringe {ink/o} ink, {~ujo} well {inkandesk/a} incandescent {inklin/o} inclination, disposal (toward), {~i} be inclined (toward something) {inkluziv/i} include, {~a} inclusive, {~e} inclusively, {~e} (+ accusative), {~e de} including {inkub/o} incubus; nightmare, {~a} nightmarish {insekt/o} insect {insid/a} insidious, {~o} snare, {~i} set a snare or trap (for) {insign/o} badge; coat-of-arms {insist/i} insist {inspekt/i} inspect, {~(ad)o} ~ion, {~isto} ~or {inspektor/o = inspektisto} {inspir/i} inspire, {~a} inspiring, {~(aj^)o} inspiration {instanc/o} court, competent official authority {instig/i} urge, spur on, impel, encourage to {instinkt/o} instinct {instituci/o} institution {institut/o} institute {instru/i} instruct, teach, {~isto} teacher {instrukci/o} instructions, directions {instrument/o} instrument {insul/o} island, {duon~o} peninsula, {~aro} archipelago {insult/i} "cuss out," insult, {~o} verbal abuse {integr/a} integral {intelekt/o} intellect, {~a, ~ulo} ~ual {inteligent/a} intelligent, {~o} intelligence {intenc/i} intend, {~o} intention, {~a} intentional, {~e} on purpose {intendant/o} superintendent, steward, {~ino} matron {intens/a} intense, intensive {inter} between, among, {~nacia} international, {~s^ang^i} exchange, {~rompi} interrupt, {~paroli} converse, {~kompreno} mutual understanding, {~veni} intervene {interes/i, ~o} interest, {~a} ~ing, {~ig^i} take an interest (in); see p. 287 {intermit/a} intermittent, {~i} occur intermittently, go on and off {intern/a} internal, inner, {~o} inside, interior {interpret/i} interpret, {~o} ~ation, {~isto} ~or {interpunkci/o} punctuation, {~i} punctuate {interval/o} interval {intervju/i, ~o} interview {intest/o} intestine {intim/a} intimate, close {intransitive verb.ig/i} intrigue, {~o} plot {inund/i, ~o} flood {invad/i} invade, {~o} invasion {invalid/o} disabled person, {~a} disabled {invent/i} invent, {~aj^o} ~ion, {~isto} ~or {inventar/o} inventory {invers/a} the other way around, reversed, {~e} vice-versa {invit/i} invite, {~o} invitation {ipsilon/o} the letter Y {ir/i} go, {al~i} approach, {antau^en~i} go forward, {c^irkau^~i} go around, circumvent, {ek~i} start out, {el~i} go out, exit, {El~o} Exodus, {en~i} enter, go in, {for~i} leave, go away, {re~i} go back, return, {sub~i} go down, set (sun), {supren~i} go up, ascend, {trans~i} cross, {el~ejo} exit, way out, {pied~i} go on foot, {pied~anto} pedestrian {Iran/o} Iran, {~a, ~ano} ~ian {Irland/o} Ireland, {~a} Irish, {~ano} Irishman {ironi/o} irony, {~a} ironic {Islam/o} Islam, {~a} ~ic {Island/o} Iceland, {~a} ~ic {-ism/} (suffix denoting an ism; see p. 208) {-ist/} (suffix denoting occupation; see p. 82) {ital/o, ~a} Italian, {~ujo, ~io} Italy {izol/i} isolate, seclude, insulate, {~a} isolated, secluded, {~ilo} insulator {Izrael/o} Israel, {~a, ~ano} ~i {ja} indeed; emphatic particle {jad/o, ~a} jade {jaguar/o} jaguar {jah^t/o} yacht {jak/o} jacket {jakt/o = jah^to} {jam} already, {jam ne} no longer, {jam nun} right now {Januar/o} January {japan/o, ~a} Japanese, {~ujo, ~io, ~lando} Japan {jar/o} year, {(c^iu)~a} annual, {~cento} century, {~deko} decade, {super~o} leap year {jard/o} yard (3 feet) {Jav/o} Java {jaz/o} jazz {je} at, on, by, etc. (see p.152) {Jehov/o} Jehovah {jen} behold (calls attention to; see p. 117) {jen/o} yen (Japanese money) {jes} yes, {~i} assent, say yes, {~o} assent {Jesu/o, Jezu/o} Jesus {jet/o} jet plane {jid/a} Yiddish {Joc^j/o} Johnny {jod/o} Iodine {jodl/i} yodel {jog/o} yoga {jogurt/o} yoghurt {Johan/o} John {jot/o} iota, jot {ju... des... } the... the... , {ju pli granda, des pli bona} the bigger the better {jubil/a} jubilant, {~o} jubilation, exultation, {~i} exult {jubile/o, ~a} jubilee {jud/o} Jew, {~a} ~ish, {~ismo} Judaism {jug/o, {~i} yoke {jugoslav/o, ~a} Yugoslav(ian), {~ujo, ~io} Yugoslavia {jugland/o} walnut {jug^/i, ~isto} judge, {~o} ~ment, {~ejo} court(room), {antau^~o} prejudice {juk/i, ~o} itch {Jul/o} Yule {Juli/o} July {jun/a} young, {~eco, ~ulo} youth {jung/i, ~ilaro, ~aj^o} harness {Juni/o} June {jup/o} skirt, {sub~o} petticoat {jur/o} law (legal system or profession), jurisprudence, {~isto} jurist {just/a} just, fair, righteous, {~eco} justice, righteousness {juvel/o} jewel {j^aluz/a} jealous, {~o} ~y, {~i} be jealous {j^argon/o} jargon {j^au^d/o} Thursday {j^azo = jazo} {j^et/i} throw, {~kuboj} dice, {~eti} toss {j^ongl/i} juggle, {~isto} ~r {j^ur/i} swear, {~o} oath {j^urnal/o} newspaper, {~isto} journalist {j^us} just (now), just before {kaban/o} cabin, hut, shack {kabared/o, kabaret/o} cabaret {kabinet/o} cabinet; room for study {kabl/o} cable, {~gramo} ~gram {kac^/o} mush; mess {kadavr/o} cadaver, corpse {kadr/o} frame(work); cadre, {en~igi} frame {kaduk/a} decayed, decrepit, dilapidated; (law) lapsed {kaf/o} coffee, {~ejo} cafe {kaftan/o} caftan (Oriental garment) {kag^/o} cage {kaj} and; {kaj... kaj... } both... and... {kaj/o} quay, platform {kajer/o} exercise-book; folder {kajut/o} cabin (ship, etc.) {kakt/o} cactus {kal/o} corn (feet) {kaldron/o} cauldron, kettle, boiler {kalembur/o} pun {kalendar/o} calendar {kalik/o} chalice, goblet {kalk/o} lime, {~i, ~aj^o} white-wash {kalkan/o} heel (foot), {~umo} heel (shoe) {kalkul/i} calculate, count, figure, {~o} calculation; bill (restaurant, store, etc.) {kalumni/i} slander, libel, bad-mouth {kalson/o} underpants, drawers, panties, {~eto} briefs, bottom half of bikini {kalv/a} bald {Kalvari/o} Calvary {kamarad/o} pal, buddy, comrade {kambi/o} bill of exchange {kamel/o} camel {kamen/o} fireplace, hearth; {~tubo} chimney, smokestack, {~breto} mantel(piece) {kamer/o} small room; dark-room {kamion/o} truck, {~eto} van {kamp/o} field, {~aro} countryside, {~ara} rural, {~arano, ~ulo} country-dweller, farmer, peasant, {~(um)i, ~log^i} camp out {kampanol/o} Canterbury bell, bellflower {kan/o} cane, reed {Kanad/o} Canada, {~a, ~ano} Canadian {kanajl/o} scoundrel, rogue, {~aro} rabble, riff-raff {kanal/o} canal, channel {kanap/o} couch {kancer/o} cancer; canker {kandel/o} candle, {~ingo} ~holder {kandidat/o} candidate, {~i} run for election {kanibal/o} cannibal {Kanj/o} Cathy {kanjon/o} canyon {kanon/o} cannon {kanot/o} small open boat {kant/i} sing, {~o} song, {~aro} songbook {kanzon/o} chanson, light-hearted ballad {kaos/o} chaos {kap/o} head, {~jesi} nod, {~nei} shake one's head, {~turn(ig)a} dizzy(ing) {kapabl/a} capable {kapel/o} chapel {kapital/o} capital (money), {~isto} ~ist {kapitan/o} captain {kapitol/o} capitol {kapitulac/i} capitulate, surrender {kaporal/o} corporal {kapot/o} hood (car); large coat with hood {kapr/o} goat {kapric/o} whim, {~a} capricious {kapriol/i} caper, frolic about {kapsul/o} capsule; firing cap {kapt/i} catch, capture, {~ilo} snare, trap {kapuc^/o} hood, cowl {kar/a} dear, {~ul(in)o} darling {karaf/o} carafe, decanter {karakter/o} character, personality, nature {karakteriz/i} characterize, {~a, ~aj^o} characteristic {karapac/o} carapace, protective shell {karavan/o} caravan; group traveling together {karb/o} coal, {~papero} carbon paper {karcer/o} jail cell {kares/i} caress, fondle, stroke {karier/o} career {karitat/o} charity, {~a} charitable {Karl/o} Charles {karmezin/o, ~a} crimson {karn/o} flesh, {~a} carnal {karnaval/o} carnaval {karot/o} carrot {kart/o} card; menu, map {kartoc^/o} cartridge {karton/o} cardboard {karusel/o} merry-go-round, carousel {kas/o} money box, till, cashier's stand; fund; {~isto} cashier {kaserol/o} casserole, saucepan {kaset/o, kased/o} cassette {kask/o} helmet {kastel/o} castle {kastor/o} beaver {kastr/i} castrate {kas^/i} hide, conceal, {mal~i} reveal, {mal~e} openly, frankly, {~ludo} hide-and-seek {kas^tan/o} chestnut {kat/o} cat, {~ido} kitten {katalog/o, ~i} catalog {Katarin/o} Catherine {katastrof/o} catastrophe, {~a} catastrophic {katedr/o} professorial chair or platform; pulpit {katedral/o} cathedral {kategori/o} category {katen/o, ~i} fetter, shackle {katolik/o, ~a} catholic, {~ismo} ~ism {kau^c^uk/o, ~a} rubber {kau^r/i} crouch, squat, cower {kau^z/o} cause, reason, {~i} cause {kav/o} cavity, {~a} hollow, concave {kavaleri/o} cavalry {kavalir/o} cavalier, knight {kavern/o} cave, cavern, den {kaz/o} case {kazern/o} barracks {kazin/o} casino {ke} that (subordinate conjunction) {kel/o} cellar, basement {kelk/a(j), ~e da} some, a few, {~foje} sometimes {kelner/o} waiter {kern/o} core, pit (fruit, etc.), nucleus {kest/o} chest, large box {ki-} (forms correlative; see p. 127) {kibuc/o} kibbutz {kilometr/o} kilometer {kimr/a} Welsh, {~o} ~man, {~ujo} Wales {kin/o} cinema, {~ejo} movie theater {kiras/o} armor {kirl/i} stir, whirl, curl; froth, whip (food) {kirurg/o = h^irurgo} {kirurgi/o = h^irurgio} {kis/i, ~o} kiss {kitel/o} overalls, smock {klac^/i, ~o} gossip {klak/i} clap, rattle, make clicking sound {klar/a} clear, plain, {~igi} clarify, explain {klas/o} class, {en~igi} classify {klasik/a} classic {klau^n/o} clown {klav/o} key (piano, typewriter, etc.), {~aro} keyboard {kler/a} learned, well-informed, cultured {klient/o} client, customer, {~aro} clientele {klimat/o} climate, {~a} climatic {klin/i} (transitive verb.) bend, incline, tilt {kling/o} (knife, etc.) blade {klinik/o} clinic {klis^/o} (printer's) cut, half-tone; (photo) negative, {~(aj^)o} cliche, stereotype {kloak/o} sewer {klopod/i} take steps, try (see p. 255) {klub/o} club, society, {~ano} club member {knab/o} boy, {~(ec)a} ~ish, {~ino} girl {knar/i} creak, grate, make screeching noise {kned/i} knead {kobold/o} imp, goblin {kobr/o} cobra {kod/o} code, {(en)~igi} encode, {de~igi} decode {kofr/o} trunk, large suitcase, {~ujo} trunk (of car) {kojn/o, ~i} wedge {kok/o} rooster, cock, {~ino} hen, {~batalo} cockfight, {~ido} chick {kokain/o} cocaine {kokcinel/o} ladybug {koket/a} coquettish, {~i} flirt {kokon/o} cocoon {kokos/o} coconut {koks/o} hip {koktel/o} cocktail {kol/o} neck, {~umo} collar {kolbas/o} sausage {koleg/o} colleague {kolegi/o} college {kolekt/i} collect, gather, {~ig^i} gather together {kolektiv/o, ~a} collective {koler/a} angry, {~i} be angry, {~ig^i} get angry, {~o} anger {kolizi/i} collide, {~o} collision {kolomb/o} pigeon, dove, {~umi} "bill and coo" {kolon/o} pillar, (architecture) column {kolonel/o} colonel {koloni/o} colony, settlement, {~a} colonial {kolor/o} color, {~igi} color, paint {kolos/a} colossal, {~o} colossus {kolport/i} peddle, sell door-to-door {kolumn/o} column (type, figures, soldiers, etc.) {kom/o} comma {komand/i} be in command {komb/i, ~ilo} comb {kombin/i} combine, {~aj^o} combination {komedi/o} comedy {komenc/i} (transitive verb.) begin, {~o} ~ning, {~ig^i} begin (intransitive verb.), {~a} initial {koment/i, ~o} comment, {~aro} ~ary {komerc/o} commerce, business, {~i} do business, {~isto} merchant {komfort/o} comfort, {~a} ~able {komik/a} comic(al) {komisar/o} commissar {komisi/o} errand, commission, {~i} entrust with a task, {~ito} commissioner {komitat/o} committee {komiz/o} clerk {komod/o} dresser, chest of drawers {komodor/o} commodore {kompakt/a} compact {kompani/o} company {kompar/i} (transitive verb.) compare, {~o} comparison, {~e} comparatively {kompas/o} compass {kompat/o} compassion, pity, {~i} have compassion on, pity, {~inda} pitiful, "poor" {kompetent/a} competent, {~ulo} expert {kompil/i} compile, {~(aj^)o} compilation {komplet/a} complete, {~o} set, suit (clothes, furniture, etc.), {~igi} complete {komplez/o} favor, {~(em)a} kind, obliging, {~i} do a favor {komplik/i} complicate, {~a} ~d {kompliment/o, ~i} compliment {komplot/o} plot, conspiracy {kompon/i} compose (music), {~isto} ~r, {~aj^o} composition {kompost/i} set in type {kompren/i} understand, {~ebla} ~able, {~ema} ~ing, {~eble} of course {komput/i} compute, {~ilo = komputero} {komputer/o} computer {komun/a} (in) common, {~umo} community, {~isto} Communist {komuni/o} Communion {komunik/i} communicate, {~(aj^)o} communication {kon/i} know (be acquainted), {~ato} acquaintance, {ne~ata} unknown, {re~i} recognize {koncept/o} concept {koncern/i} concern, {~a} ~ed, in question {koncert/o} concert {koncip/i} conceive (a child) {konciz/a} concise {kondamn/i} condemn; sentence {kondic^/o} condition, stipulation, {~i} stipulate, set conditions {kondolenc/o} condolences, {~i} express condolences {konduk/i} lead, conduct, take; drive (vehicle), {~isto} driver {kondut/i} behave, conduct oneself, {~o} behavior, conduct {konekt/i} connect up, plug in, {~o} connection {konferenc/o} conference {konfes/i} confess, {~o} ~ion, {~e} admittedly {konfid/i} trust, confide, have confidence in {konfidenc/o} a confidence, secret, {~a} confidential {konfirm/i} confirm, corroborate, {~o} confirmation {konfisk/i} confiscate {konflikt/o} conflict {konform/i} conform, {~a} ~ing, {~ig^i} conform, "shape up" {konfuz/i} confuse, {~a} ~d, jumbled up, {~o} confusion {kongres/o} congress, convention, {~i} hold or attend a congress {kongru/a} congruent, {~i} coincide, fit together {konjak/o} cognac, brandy {konjekt/i} conjecture, surmise, {~o} conjecture, guess(work) {konk/o} shell (clam, snail, etc.) {konker/i} conquer {konklud/o, ~i} (come to a) conclusion, infer(ence) {konkret/a} concrete (not abstract) {konkur/i} compete, rival, {~(ad)o} rivalry, (personal) competition {konkurenc/o} (business, etc.) competition {konkurs/o} contest {konsci/i} be conscious/aware of, {~o} consciousness, awareness, {~a} conscious, aware, {sen~a} unconscious {konscienc/o} conscience, {~a} conscientious {konsekvenc/a} consistent, {~o} consistency, consequence, {ne~a} inconsistent {konsent/i} consent, agree, {~o} agreement, consent, {~ite} OK, agreed {konserv/i} conserve, keep, {~ema, (em)ulo} conservative {konsider/i} consider, {~inda} ~able {konsil/o} advice, counsel, {~i} advise, {~anto} counsellor, {~inda} advisable {konsist/i} consist, {~o} ~ency, {~igi} make up, constitute {konsol/i} console, comfort, {~o} consolation {konspir/i} conspire, {~o} conspiracy {konstant/a} constant, permanent {konstat/i} realize to be a fact, ascertain, take note {konstern/i} dismay, appall, {~o} consternation {konstip/i} constipate, {~ita} ~d {konstituci/o} constitution, {~a} ~al {konstru/i} construct, build, {~aj^o} building {konsul/o} consul {konsult/i} consult, {~o} ~ation {konsum/i} consume, use up, {~anto} consumer {kont/o} account (finance) {kontakt/i, ~o} contact, {fus^~o} short circuit {kontant/o} cash money, {~a, ~e} in cash {kontent/a} content, satisfied, pleased, {~igi} satisfy, {~o} contentment, satisfaction {kontinent/o} continent, mainland {kontor/o} (business) office {kontraband/i} smuggle, {~isto} ~r, {~o} contraband, "hot goods" {kontrakt/o} contract, {~i} make a contract {kontralt/o} contralto {kontrast/o, ~i} contrast {kontrau^} against, across from, opposed to, in exchange for, {~e} on the contrary, {~i} oppose, {~stari} withstand, stand up to, {~ulo} opponent, {~vole} against one's will, {~diri} contradict {kontribu/i} contribute, {~(aj^)o} contribution {kontrol/i} check up on, audit, verify, supervise {kontur/o} contour, outline {kontuz/o, ~i} bruise {konven/i} be appropriate, be suitable, {~a} suitable, seemly, as it should be, {mal~a} unseemly, not fitting {konversaci/i} converse, {~o} conversation {konvink/i} convince, persuade, {~o} conviction, belief {konvuls/o} convulsion {kopi/i, ~o} copy (see p. 285) {kor/o} heart, {~a} cordial, hearty; cardiac, {~ligita} close, dear to the heart, {~tus^a} touching, moving {Koran/o} Koran {korb/o} basket {kord/o} string (music), cord (anatomy) {Kore/o, ~a} Korean, {~ujo, ~io} Korea {korekt/i} correct {korespond/i} correspond, {~anto} ~ent, pen-pal {koridor/o} corridor, passage {korn/o} horn (animal, etc.) {kornik/o} crow {korp/o} body {korporaci/o} corporation {kort/o} court(yard), {~ego, ~umo} court (see p. 239) {korupt/i, ~ilo} bribe {korv/o} raven {kosm/o} cosmos, {~a spaco} outer space {kost/i, ~o} cost, {multe~a} expensive {kostum/o} costume; suit (clothes); outfit, what one is wearing {kot/o} mud {kotiz/i} subscribe to (publication, fund), {~o} subscription; dues {koton/o} cotton {kov/i} sit (as hen), incubate, {el~i} hatch out {kovert/o} envelope {kovr/i} cover, {~ilo} lid, cover, {mal~i} uncover, discover {krac^/i} spit {krad/o} grill, grid, grate {krajon/o} pencil {krak/i, ~o} crack (sound), {~eti} ~le {kramp/o, ~i} clamp, staple, {~oj} brackets, parentheses {kran/o} faucet, tap {krani/o} skull {kravat/o} necktie {kre/i} create, {~it(aj^)o} creature {kred/i} believe, {~o} belief, {~eble} probably, {~ema} credulous {kredit/o} credit {krem/o} cream {kremaci/o} cremation, {~i} cremate {kren/o} horseradish {krepusk/o} twilight {kresk/i} (intransitive verb.) grow, {~igi} grow (transitive verb.), raise, {~aj^o} plant {krestomati/o} chrestomathy (book of model readings) {kret/o} chalk {krev/i} (intransitive verb.) burst {kri/i} cry out, shout, {~egi} yell, {~signo} exclamation point {kribr/i} sift, {~ilo} sieve {krim/o} crime, {~a, ~ulo} criminal {kripl/a} crippled, infirm {Krist/o} Christ, {~ano} ~ian, {~anismo} ~ianity, {~nasko} ~mas, {~(nask)arbo} ~mas tree {kristal/o, ~a} crystal {kritik/i} criticize, {~o} criticism {kriz/o} crisis, emergency, (fin) depression, {~a} critical {kroc^/i} hook (onto), {al~ig^i} cling to, get caught on, {~ilo} hook {krokodil/o} crocodile, {~i} speak one's national language among Esperantists {krom} besides, apart from, {~e} besides, {~a} additional, {~tubo} spare tire, {~virino} concubine, {krom se} unless {kron/o, ~i} crown, {~ado} coronation {kronik/o} chronicle, {~isto} ~r, historian {kroz/i} cruise {kruc/o, ~i} cross, {~a} crucial, {~umi} crucify, {~osigni} make the sign of the cross, {~vortenigmo} crossword puzzle {kruc^/o} jug, pitcher {krud/a} raw, crude, rough {kruel/a} cruel, fierce {krur/o} leg (see p. 278) {krut/a} steep, abrupt {kser(ografi)/o} xerography, {~a} xerographic, {~okopio} xerographic copy {k.t.p. = kaj tiel plu} etc. {kub/o} cube {Kub/o} Cuba, {~a, ~ano} ~n {kubut/o} elbow {kudr/i} sew, {~ero} stitch, {~ilo} needle, {kun~(aj^)o} seam {kugl/o} bullet {kuir/i} cook, {~ejo} kitchen {kuk/o} cake, {~eto} cup~ {kukol/o} cuckoo {kukum/o} cucumber {kukurb/o} pumpkin, squash, gourd, etc. {kul/o} gnat {kuler/o} spoon {kulis/o} flat (theater), {post la ~oj} behind the scenes {kulp/o} blame, fault, guilt, {~a} guilty, {~igi} blame, {~ulo} culprit {kultur/o} culture, {~i} cultivate {kun} with, {~e} together, {~veno, ~sido} meeting, {~porti} bring along, take, {~ig^i} come together, {~igi} unite (tr), join, {~ulo} companion, {~labori} cooperate, {~voki} convoke, {~e kun} together with, {c^i~e} herewith {kunikl/o} rabbit {kupe/o} compartment (train), coupe (short wagon or car) {kupl/i} couple (mechanics) {kupol/o} cupola, dome {kupon/o} coupon {kupr/o, ~a} copper {kur/i} run, {ek~i} start running, take to one's heels {kurac/i} treat medically, {~ilo} medicine, {~isto} physician {kurag^/o} courage, {~a} ~ous, brave, {~i} dare, {~igi} encourage {kurb/o} curve, {~a} ~d, {~igi} bend {kurioz/a} curious, quaint {kurs/o} class (school), course {kurten/o} curtain {kurz/o} rate of exchange {kusen/o} cushion, {lit~o} pillow {kus^/i} lie, recline, {ek~i, ~ig^i} lie down, {~igi} lay {kutim/o} custom, habit, {~e} ordinarily, {~i} be in the habit of, {al~ig^i} become accustomed, get in the habit of {kuv/o} tub, vat {kuz/o, ~ino} cousin {kvadrat/o, ~a} square {kvaker/o, ~a} Quaker {kvalit/o} quality {kvankam} although {kvant/o} quantity {kvar} four, {~a, ~ono} ~th, {~ope} by fours {kvartal/o} district, neighborhood (of town) {kvazau^} as if, as though; in a way {kverel/i} quarrel, wrangle {kverk/o, ~a} oak(en) {kviet/a, ~o} quiet, calm {kvin} five, {~a, ~ono} fifth {kvit/a} paid up, free and clear, obligation satisfied {kvitanc/o, ~i} receipt {la} the {labor/i, ~o} work, labor, {~ejo} workplace, {~isto} worker, laborer, {el~i} work out, {kun~i} cooperate, {per~i} earn, {~ema} hardworking, {mal~ema} slothful {laboratori/o} laboratory {lac/a} tired, {~ig^i} get tired {lac^/o} (shoe)lace {lad/o , ~a} sheet metal, tin, tin plate, {~skatolo, en~igi} can (food, etc.) {laf/o, ~a} lava {lag/o} lake {lagun/o} lagoon {laik/a, ~o} lay(man) {lak/o, ~i} lacquer {laks/a} loose (bowels), {mal~a} constipated, {~igilo} laxative {lakt/o} milk {laktuk/o} lettuce {lam/a} lame, {~i} limp, {~bastono} crutch {lament/i} wail, lament {lamp/o} lamp {lan/o, ~a} wool {land/o} land, country, {~strato} highway, {~limo} border, {ekster~e} abroad, {(sam)~ano} compatriot {lang/o} tongue {lant/a} (poetic word for ) slow {lantern/o} lantern {lanug/o} fluff, down {lapon/o, ~a} Lapp, Laplander {lard/o} bacon {larg^a} wide, broad, {mal~a} narrow, {lau^~e} crossways {larik/o} larch {laring/o} larynx, {~ito} laryngitis {larm/o} tear, {~i} shed tears, weep {larv/o} larva, grub {las/i} leave, allow, let, {for~i} abandon, forsake, {post~i} leave behind, {preter~i} leave out, overlook {last/a} last, {~atempe} lately {lat/o} lath, slat, {~kurteno} Venetian blind {latin/a} Latin, {~ida} Romance {latrin/o} latrine {latun/o, ~a} brass {latv/o, ~a} Latvian, {~io} Latvia {lau^} according to, along, {~longe} lengthwise, {~plac^e} as one pleases, {~vole} as you wish, {~vorta} literal, {~dire} as is being said, {~moda} fashionable, {~vide} by sight, {~leg^a} legal {lau^d/i, ~o} praise {lau^r/o} laurel {lau^t/a} (a)loud {lav/i} wash (transitive verb.) {lavang/o} avalanche {lecion/o} lesson {led/o, ~a} leather {leg/i} read, {~aj^o} ~ing matter, {~ebla} legible, {~inda} worth reading, {~scio} reading ability {legend/o} legend, {(lau^)~a} legendary {legi/o} legion {legitim/i} legitimize, prove identity, {~ilo} I.D. {legom/o} vegetable {leg^/o} law, {lau^~a} legal {leg^er/a} (poetic word for ) light(weight) {lek/i} lick {lekant/o} marguerite, {~eto} daisy {lekci/o, ~i} lecture {lektor/o} lector (title given teachers in some countries) {lens/o} lens {lentug/o} freckle {leon/o} lion {leontod/o} dandelion {leopard/o} leopard {lepor/o} hare, rabbit, {~hundo} greyhound {lepr/o} leprosy, {~ulo} leper {lern/i} learn, {~ejo} school, {~olibro} textbook {lert/a} skillful, clever, dexterous, {mal~a} awkward {letargi/o} lethargy {leter/o} letter, {~kesto} mailbox {leu^tenant/o} lieutenant {lev/i} lift, raise, {~ig^i} arise, get up {li} he, {~a} his {Liban/o} Lebanon, {~a} Lebanese {liber/a} free, {~tempo} spare time, time off, {~vola} voluntary, {mal~ejo} prison, {mal~ulo} prisoner {liberal/a} liberal {libr/o} book, {~eto} ~let, {~(ovend)ejo} ~store, {~otenado} ~keeping, {~aro} book collection (e.g., private library) {licenc/o} licence {lift/o} elevator {lig/i} tie, bind, {~o} league, connection, {~ilo} bond {lign/o} wood, timber {likvid/i} liquidate {likvor/o} liquor {lilak/o} lilac {lili/o} lily {lim/o} limit, boundary, {~igi} limit, restrict {limak/o} slug, snail {limonad/o} lemonade {lin/o} flax, {~aj^o} linen, {~oleo} linseed oil, {~oleumo} linoleum {lingv/o} language, {~isto} linguist {lini/o} line, {~ilo} ruler, straightedge {lip/o} lip, {~haroj} moustache {Lisbon/o} Lisbon {lisp/i} lisp {list/o} list, {~igi} (make a) list {lit/o} bed, {~kovrilo} blanket, {~tuko} sheet, {en~ig^i} go to bed {litani/o} litany {liter/o} letter (alphabet), {~umi} spell {literatur/o} literature, {~a} literary {litov/o, ~a} Lithuanian, {~ujo, ~io} Lithuania {litr/o} liter {liturgi/o} liturgy {liut/o} lute {liver/i} deliver, supply, furnish {lo!} hey there! {Ha lo} Hello (telephone) {log/i} lure, attract, {al~a} attractive, {~ilo, ~aj^o} bait, {de~i} seduce, entice {logik/o} logic, {~a} ~al {log^/i} live (dwell), {~ejo} place to live, dwelling, {~anto} inhabitant, {~antaro} population {lojal/a} loyal {lok/o} location, place, spot, {~i} locate, {~a} local, {sid~o} seat, place to sit {lokomotiv/o} locomotive {lokust/o} grasshopper {long/a} long, {~(ec)o} length, {de~e} for a long time, {lau^~e} lengthwise, {mal~a} short, {mal~igi} shorten, {mal~igo} abbreviation {longitud/o} longitude {lorn/o} field glass, binoculars {lot/i} draw lots, {~umi} allot {loteri/o} lottery, raffle {lotus/o} lotus {lu/i} rent, {~ebla} for rent, {~igi} rent out, {~anto} renter, tenant, {~prezo} rent money {lucern/o} hanging (e.g., temple) lamp {lud/i} play, {~o} game, {~ilo} toy {luk/o} skylight; porthole {luks/a} luxurious, deluxe, {~aj^o, ~(ec)o} luxury {lukt/i} wrestle, struggle {lul/i} lull, rock (baby), {~ilo} cradle, {~kanto} lullaby {lum/o} light, {~i} shine, {~turo} ~house {lun/o} moon, {~a} lunar {lunc^/o} lunch, snack {lund/o} Monday {lup/o} wolf {lupe/o} magnifying glass {lustr/o} chandelier {lut/i, ~o} solder {mac/o} matzoh, unleavened bread {mac^/i} chew, {re~ulo} ruminant, {~gumo} ~ing gum {magazen/o} department store; warehouse {magazin/o} popular magazine covering a variety of subjects {magi/o} magic, {~a} ~al {magistr/o} Master (of Arts, etc.) {magnet/o} magnet, {~a} ~ic, {~igi} ~ize, {~ismo} ~ism {magnetofon/o} tape recorder (sound) {magnetoskop/o} video recorder {magr/a} meager, skinny, skimpy {mah^/o} Mach (aerospace) {maiz/o} corn {Maj/o} May {majest/a} majestic, {~(ec)o} majesty {major/o} major (rank) {majoritat/o} majority {majstr/o} maestro, master (of an art, trade, etc.) {majuskl/o} capital letter {makler/i} act as middleman, {~isto} broker, {~aj^o} brokerage, commission {makrop/o} kangaroo {maksimum/o, ~a} maximum, {~e} at the most {makul/o, ~i} spot, stain {makzel/o} jaw(bone) {mal/} (prefix denoting direct opposite; see p. 82) {~e} on the contrary {malari/o} malaria {maleol/o} ankle {malgrau^} in spite of {malic/a} malicious, mischievous {mam/o} breast, teat, {~besto, ~ulo} mammal, {~nutri} suckle, {~pinto} nipple, {~zono} bra {man/o} hand, {~plato} palm, {~premi} shake hands, {~sak(et)o} handbag, {~signi} wave, {~umo} cuff {mandat/o} mandate, {pos^t~o} money order {mangostan/o} mangosteen {mang^/i} eat, {~o} meal, {~aj^o} food {Mang^uri/o} Manchuria {manier/o} manner, way {manifest/o} manifest, {~i} manifest {manifestaci/o} demonstration (politics), {~i} demonstrate {manik/o} sleeve {manipul/i} manipulate, handle {mank/i} be lacking, be missing, {~o} lack, shortage, shortcoming {manovr/i, ~o} maneuver {mansard/o} attic, garret {mantel/o} cloak, mantle {manuskript/o} manuscript {map/o} map, {~aro} atlas {mar/o} sea, {~armeo} navy, {~bordo} shore, seaside, {~isto} sailor {marc^/o} marsh, swamp {marc^and/i} haggle, bargain {mard/o} Tuesday {Margaret/o, ~a} Margaret {marg^en/o} margin {Mari/a} Mary, {~o} Mary; Marius, Mario {marionet/o} marionette, puppet {mark/i} mark, {~o} mark; Mark (name; also money); stamp (postage); {pos^t~o} postage stamp {marmelad/o} marmalade, jam {marmor/o, ~a} marble {Mars/o} Mars {mars^/i} walk, march {Mart/o} March {martel/o, ~i} hammer {martir/o} martyr {mas/o} lump, mass {masag^/o, ~i} massage {masakr/o, ~i} massacre {masiv/a} massive {mask/o, ~i} mask, {~(ar)ado} masquerade {mason/i} build with stone, etc., {~isto} mason {mast/o} mast {mastr/o} master (over household, servants, etc.), {~i} be master over, dominate, {~umi} keep house, manage {mas^/o} mesh (of net), loop {mas^in/o} machine, engine, {~aro} machinery {matc^/o} match, game (sports) {matematik/o} mathematics, {~a} mathematical, {~isto} mathematician {maten/o} morning, {~mang^o} breakfast {materi/o} matter, {~a} material {material/o} material, data, {krudaj ~oj} raw materials {matur/a} mature, ripe, {~ig^i} ripen {mebl/o} piece of furniture, {~aro} furniture, {~i} furnish {mec^/o} wick; fuse (explosives) {medal/o} medal {medi/o} environment {medicin/o} (practice of) medicine {medikamento} medicine {medit/i} meditate, think to oneself {meger/o} shrew (woman), {~a} ~ish, "bitchy" {meh^anik/o = mekaniko} {mejl/o} mile {mekanik/o} mechanics, {~a} mechanical, {~isto} mechanic {melankoli/o, ~a} melancholy {meleagr/o} turkey {melk/i} milk {melodi/o} melody, tune, {~a} tuneful {melodram/o} melodrama, {~a} ~tic {melon/o} melon {mem} (my, your, his, etc.)self, -selves, {~evidenta} self-evident, {~stara} independent, {~vola} willing {membr/o} member, {~eco} ~ship {memor/i} remember, {~o} memory, {~igi} remind, {~inda} memorable {menci/i, ~o} mention {mend/o} order (for goods or services), {~i} order (goods, etc.); book, reserve (restaurant, hotel, etc.) {mens/o} mind, {~a} mental {mensog/i, ~o} (tell a) lie {ment/o} mint (plant, flavor) {menton/o} chin {menu/o} menu {merit/i} deserve, merit, {~o} merit {merkat/o} market (finance), sales activity (not marketplace) {merkred/o} Wednesday {Merkur(i)o} Mercury {merl/o} blackbird {mes/o} Mass (religion) {mesag^/o} message {met/i} put, place, {(sur)~i} put on (clothes), {de~i} take off, {kun~i} put together, {sub~(ig^)i} submit {metafor/o} metaphor {metal/o, ~a} metal(lic) {mete(or)/o} atmospheric phenomenon, {~ologo} meteorologist, {~ologio} meteorology {meteorit/o} meteorite {meti/o} handicraft, trade, {~ejo} workshop {metod/o} method, {~a} ~ical, {~ista, ~isto} Methodist {metr/o} meter, {~a} metric {mev/o} seagull {mez/o, ~a} middle, average, {~epoko} Middle Ages, {~ag^a} middle-aged, {~maro} Mediterranean Sea, {~nokto, nokto~o} midnight, {tag~o} noon {mezur/i} measure, {~o} ~ment {mi} I, me, {~a} my, mine {miel/o} honey, {~a monato, ~luno} honeymoon {mien/o} expression (face) {migdal/o} almond, {~okula} ~eyed {migr/i} migrate, roam, travel about, {el~i} emigrate, {en~i} immigrate, {~ema} migrant; "footloose" {mikrob/o} microbe, germ {mikrofon/o} microphone {mikroskop/o} microscope {miks/i} mix; shuffle (cards), {~aj^o} mixture {mil} thousand, {~jaro, jar~o} millenium {mild/a} mild, gentle {milimetr/o} millimeter {milit/o} war, {~a} military, {~i} wage war {min/i, ~(ej)o} mine, {~isto} ~r {minac/o, ~i} threat(en), menace {mineral/o, ~a} mineral {minimum/o, ~a} minimum, {~e} at the least {ministeri/o} Ministry (govt. dept.) {ministr/o} minister (head of govt. dept.), {~ejo} office of minister {minoritat/o, ~a} minority {minuskl/o} small (lower case) letter {minut/o} minute {miop/a} short-sighted, near-sighted {miozot/o} forget-me-not {mir/i} be amazed, marvel, wonder (at), {~igi} amaze, {~inda} wonderful {mirag^/o} mirage {mirakl/o} miracle, {~a} miraculous {miriad/o} myriad {mis/} (prefix denoting error; see p. 167) {~kompreni} misunderstand, {~pas^o} false step, {~kalkuli} miscalculate, {~decidi} make bad decision {misi/o} mission, {~isto} ~ary {mister/o} mystery, {~a} mysterious {mistifik/i} trick, hoax, fool {mistik/a} mystic(al) {mit/o} myth, {~a} ~ical {miting/o} (politics mass) meeting {mitr/o} miter (headdress) {mizer/a} miserable, wretched, {~o} misery {mobiliz/i} mobilize {mod/o} mode, fashion, {(lau^)~a} fashionable, {eks~a} old-fashioned, out of date {model/o, ~a, ~i} model {moder/a, ~igi} moderate, {~o} moderation {modern/a} modern, {~igi} ~ize {modest/a} modest, {~(ec)o} ~y {modif/i} modify {modl/i} model, mold (clay, etc.) {mok/i} mock, jeer at, make fun of {mol/a} soft {moment/o} moment, {~a} ~ary {mon/o} money, {~ero} coin, {~bileto} paper money, {~ujo} purse, wallet, {~ludi} gamble, {~puno} fine {monah^/o} monk, {~ejo} monastery, {~ino} nun {monat/o} month, {~a} ~ly {mond/o} world, {tut~a} ~wide, {~milito} ~war, {~umo} high society {monokl/o} monocle {monopol/o} monopoly, {~igi} monopolize {monoton/a} monotonous {monstr/o} monster, {~a} monstrous {mont/o} mountain, {~eto} hill, {~aro} (chain of) mountains {montr/i} show, point (out), {~ig^i} turn out to be, {~ofenestro} show window {monument/o} monument, {~a} ~al {moped/o} moped {mor/o} custom, mores {moral/a} moral, {~o} ~s, {~eco} ~ity {morbil/o} measles {mord/i} bite, {~eti} nibble {morgau^} tomorrow, {post~} day-after-tomorrow {mormon/o, ~a} Mormon {morn/a} mournful, gloomy {mors/a} Morse code, {~i} send in Morse code {mort/o} death, {~i} die, {~a} dead, {~ema} mortal, {~igi} kill {morter/o} mortar (for building) {moru/o} codfish, {~oleo} ~oil {Mose/o} Moses {moske/o} mosque {moskit/o} mosquito {Moskv/o} Moscow {mos^t/o} general title for persons of high rank {mot/o} motto {motel/o} motel {motiv/o} motive, reason {motor/o} motor, engine {mov/i} move (transitive verb.), {~ado} ~ment, {~ig^i} move (intransitive verb.) {mucid/a} musty, moldy {muel/i} grind (grain), pulverize, {~ejo} mill, {~isto} miller {mug^/i} roar, howl {muk/o} mucus, phlegm, {~a} mucous {mul/o} mule {muld/i} (cast in a) mold, {~ilo} mold {mult/a} much, {~aj} many, {~e da} a lot of, {~ekosta} expensive, {~peza} weighty, {~obligi} duplicate (mimeo, etc.) {multiplik/i} multiply (arithmetic) {munici/o} (am)munition {munt/i} mount, assemble (an apparatus), {mal~i} take apart {mur/o} wall {murd/i, ~o} murder {murmur/i, ~o} murmur {mus/o} mouse {musk/o} moss {musked/o, musket/o} musket {muskol/o} muscle, {~a} muscular {mustard/o} mustard {mus^/o} fly (insect) {mut/a} mute, speechless, {~ulo} mute {muze/o} museum {muzik/o} music, {~a} ~al, {~isto} ~ian, {~i} make music {naci/o} nation, {~a} ~al, {~eco} ~ality, {inter~a} inter~al {nadl/o} needle (compass, phono) {naft/o} crude oil {nag^/i} swim, {~baseno} ~ming pool {naiv/a} naive, {mal~a} sophisticated {najbar/o} neighbor, {~a} ~ing, nearby, {~eco} ~hood; ~liness {najl/o, ~i} nail {najtingal/o} nightingale {nan/o, ~a} midget, dwarf {narkot/i, ~ilo, ~aj^o} drug (narcotic) {nask/i} give birth to, {~ig^i} be born, {~otago, ~ig^tago} birthday {natur/o} nature, {~a} natural {nau^} nine, {~a} ninth {nau^z/o} nausea, {~a} nauseous, {~i} nauseate {navig(aci)/i} navigate, {~ado} navigation {naz/o} nose, {~a} nasal, {~truo} nostril, {~tuko} handkerchief {nazi/o, ~a} Nazi {ne} no, not, {~i} deny, {~e} negatively; as prefix: non-, un-, in-, etc.: {~ordinara} unordinary, {~atendite} unexpectedly, {~venkebla} invincible; {tute ne} not at all {nebul/o} fog, mist {neces/a} necessary, {~ejo} restroom, bathroom {Nederland/o} The Netherlands, Holland, {~a} Dutch, {~ano} Dutchman {neg/i = nei} {negativo, ~a} negative (photo, etc.) {neglekt/i} neglect {negoc/o} business deal(ings), {~i} engage in business, negotiate a deal, {~isto} merchant, businessman {negr/o, ~a} Negro {neg^/o, ~i} snow, {~ero} ~flake, {~homo} ~man, {~buli} throw snowballs {nek... nek... } neither... nor... {nekrolog/o} obituary {neni-} (forms correlative; see p. 127) {neologism/o} neologism (proposed new word) {neon/o, ~a} neon {nep/o} grandson, {~ino} granddaughter {nepr/e} without fail, definitely {Neptun/o} Neptune {nerv/o} nerve, {~(oz)a} nervous {nest/o, ~i} nest {net/a} finalized, cleanly cut; net (weight, etc.), {mal~o} (rough) draft (manuscript, etc.), {~igi} finalize, put in finished form, {~e} carefully prepared; in the final analysis {neu^tral/a} neutral {nev/o} nephew, {~ino} niece {ni} we, {~a} our(s) {nic^/o} niche {nigr/a} black {nilon/o, ~a} nylon {nimb/o} nimbus, halo {nit/o, ~i} rivet {-nj/} (suffix used with names; see p. 168) {nobel/o} nobleman, {~a} of noble birth {nobl/a} noble, {~eco} ~ness {noci/o} notion {nod/o} knot {nokt/o} night, {~a} nocturnal, {tra~i} spend the night, {mez~o, ~omezo} midnight {nom/o, ~i} name {nomad/o} nomad, {~a} ~ic {nombr/o} number, amount, {~i} count {nord/o} North, {~a} ~ern {norm/o} norm, standard, {~a} normal {normal/a} normal {nostalgi/o} nostalgia {not/i} (make a) note, {~o} note; grade (report card), {~libro} notebook {nov/a} new, {~aj^o} a novelty, something new, {la ~aj^oj} the news, {~eco} newness, {re~igi} renew, {de~e} afresh {Nov-Jork/o} New York {novel/o} short story {Novembr/o} November {nu} well, now (interjection) {nuanc/o} tint, hue, shade (color); nuance {nub/o} cloud, {~a} ~y {nud/a} nude, naked, bare {nudel/o} noodles {nuk/o} back of neck {nukle/o} nucleus, {~a} nuclear {nuks/o} nut {nul/o} zero, null, "zilch," {~igi} cancel, annul {numer/o} numeral, number in a series (house, magazine, etc.), {~i} assign a number {nun} now, {~(temp)e} nowadays, currently, {~a} present, current {nur} only, {~a} mere {nutr/i} feed, nourish, {~aj^o} food, nourishment {oaz/o} oasis {obe/i} obey, {~ema} obedient {objekt/o} object, thing {-obl/} (Suff. denoting multiple; see p. 246) {oblikv/a} oblique, slanting {obscen/a} obscene {obsed/i} obsess, {~o} ~ion {observ/i} observe {obstakl/o} obstacle {obstin/i} be obstinate, persist, be stubborn, {~a} stubborn, obstinate {obtuz/a} obtuse, dull {ocean/o} ocean, {~a} ~ic {od/o} ode {odor/o} odor, smell, {~i} give off an odor; smell {ofend/i} offend, {~ig^i} take offense {ofer/i} offer up, sacrifice {ofert/i} make an offer of, bid {ofic/o} office, function, post, "job," {~isto} officer, official, {~ejo} office, place of work {oficir/o} officer (military, etc.), {sub~o} noncom {oficial/a} official {ofset/o} offset printing {oft/a} frequent, {~e} often, {mal~a} rare {ok} eight, {~a} ~h {okaz/i} occur, happen, {~(aj^)o} event, occasion, occurrence; opportunity, {~e} on occasion; by chance, {~igi} cause to take place, {en c^iu ~o} in any event, {en la okazo se... } in case... {okcident/o} West, {~a} ~ern {oksigen/o} oxygen {Oktobr/o} October {okul/o} eye, {~isto} oculist, ophthalmologist, {~umi} ogle, stare at, {~vitroj} ~glasses {okult/a} occult {okup/i} occupy, {~ita, ~ata} busy, {~(ad)o} occupation {ol} than {ole/o} oil {oliv/o} olive {om/o} Ohm {omag^/o} homage, {~i} pay homage to {omar/o} lobster {ombr/o} shadow, shade, {~i} cast a shadow {ombrel/o} umbrella {omnibus/o} omnibus {-on/} (suffix denoting fraction; see p. 115) {~o} fraction {ond/o} wave, {~i} undulate, {~umi} wave (hair, etc.), corrugate, {~ego} billow {oni} one, "they," people in general, {~diro} rumor {onkl/o} uncle, {~ino} aunt {-op/} (suffix denoting collective; see p. 209) {unu~e} one at a time, {unu~a} single {opal/o} opal {oper/o} opera {operaci/o} (surgical) operation, {~i} operate {opi/o} opium, {~aj^o} opiate {opini/o} opinion, {~i} opine, think {oportun/a} opportune, convenient, {~isto} opportunist {opozici/o} opposition, {~i} be in opposition {optimism/o} optimism, {~a} optimistic {optimist/o} optimist {or/o} gold, {~a} ~en, {~igi, ~umi} gild {orakl/o} oracle {orang^/o, ~a} orange (fruit, color) {orator/o} orator, {~a} ~ical {orbit/o} orbit {ord/o} order (sequence, arrangement), {(en)~igi} put in order, arrange, {kun~igi} coordinate, {mal~o} disorder {orden/o} order (religion or decoration) {ordinar/a} ordinary, usual, common {ordon/i, ~o} order, command {orel/o} ear {orf/o, ~a} orphan {organ/o} organ (anatomy, publication) {organik/a} organic {organism/o} organism {organiz/i} organize, {~(aj^)o} organization {organizaci/o = organizaj^o} {orgen/o} organ (music) {orgi/o} orgy, {~a} orgiastic {orient/o} East, {~a} ~ern, Oriental, {~i} orient {origin/i} originate, {~o} origin {original/o, ~a} original {orkestr/o} orchestra, {~umi} ~te {orkide/o} orchid {ornam/o} ornament, {~a} ~al, {~i} adorn, decorate {ort/a} right-angle, square, {~ilo} T-square, carpenter's square {ortodoks/a} orthodox {osced/i, ~o} yawn {oscil/o} oscillate, {~ilo} oscillator, {~ografo} oscilloscope {ost/o} bone, {g^is~a} diehard, dyed-in-thewool {ostr/o} oyster {ov/o} egg, {~aj^o} "eggs" (food) {ovaci/o} ovation {oval/a} oval {ozon/o} ozone {pac/o} peace, {~a} ~ful, {~ama} ~loving, {mal~(ig^)i} (get in a) quarrel {pacienc/o} patience, {~a} patient, {~i} be patient {pacient/o} patient (medical) {Pacifik/o} Pacific Ocean {Pac^j/o} (from {patro}) Dad (see p. 168) {pad/o} path {padel/o} paddle; blade (turbine, etc.), {~i} paddle {paf/i} shoot, {~ilo} gun {pag/i} pay, {~o} ~ment, {sen~e} free, gratis {pagan/o, ~a} pagan {pag^/o} page (book, etc.) {pag^i/o} page (person) {pajl/o} straw {pak/i} pack, {~(et)o} parcel, package, {~aj^o} luggage {pal/a} pale {palac/o} palace {paletr/o} (painter's) palette {palis/o} stake, {~aro} palisade, fence, {~umi} impale {palm/o} palmtree {palp/i} feel (touch), grope {palpebr/o} eyelid, {~umi} blink {palt/o} heavy coat {pamflet/o} (tendentious or scurrilous) pamphlet {pan/o} bread, loaf, {~ero} crumb, {~akiranto} ~winner {pane/i, ~o} break-down, malfunction, {sen~igi} fix {panel/o} (control) panel, dash board; wainscot {panik/o} panic {Panj/o} (from {patrino}) Mom (see p. 168) {pans/i} dress (wound) {pantalon/o} trousers, pants {pantafl/o} slipper {pantomim/i, ~o} pantomime {pap/o} pope {papag/o, ~umi} parrot {papaj/o} papaya, papaw {papav/o} poppy {papili/o} butterfly {paprik/o} paprika {par/o} pair, couple, {~a} even(numbered), {mal~a} odd {parad/i, ~o} parade; display, {~a} pretentious {paradiz/o} paradise {paradoks/o} paradox, {~a} ~ical {paragraf/o} paragraph {paralel/a} parallel {paraliz/o} paralysis, {~i} paralyze {parametr/o} parameter {paranoj/o} paranoia, {~a} paranoid {paras^ut/o} parachute {parazit/o} parasite {parcel/o} parcel (land), lot {pardon/i} pardon, forgive, {~o} pardon, {~peti} ask forgiveness, excuse oneself {parenc/o} a relative, {~a} related, {~eco} relationship {parentez/o} parenthesis, {~e} by the way {parfum/o, ~i} perfume {Pariz/o} Paris, {~ano} ~ian {park/o, ~i} park {parker/e} by heart, {~igi} memorize {parlament/o} parliament, {~a} ~ary, {~ano} member of parliament {paroh^/o, parok/o} parish, {~ano} ~ioner, {~(ism)a} parochial, {~estro} vicar, pastor {parol/i} speak, talk, {~ado} speech, {~ema} talkative {part/o} part, {~a} ~ial, {~opreni} take part, {~opago} installment payment, {plej~e} mostly, {la plej~o de} most of {parter/o} parterre (lower floor of theater) {parti/o} party (politics), side, faction, {~a} partial, biased, {sen~a} impartial {particip/o} participle {paru/o} titmouse {parvol/o} wren {pas/i} pass (intransitive verb.), {~igi} pass, {~ejo} ~ageway, gangway, gate, {~inteco} past, {trans~i} cross, {preter~i} pass up, go by, {for~i} pass away {pasag^er/o} passenger {paser/o} sparrow {pasi/o} passion, {~a} ~ate, {sen~e} dis~ately {Pask/o} Easter {pasport/o} passport {past/o} paste, dough {pastec^/o} pate; (meat, etc.) pie {pastor/o} pastor {pastr/o} priest; clergyman {pas^/o, ~i} step, stride, pace {pas^t/i} feed (flock), {~isto} shepherd, {~ig^i} graze {pat/o} frying pan {patr/o} father, {~ino} mother, {~ujo} fatherland, {ge~oj} parents {patriark/o} patriarch {patriot/o} patriot, {~a} ~ic, {~ismo} ~ism {patrol/o, ~i} patrol {patron/o} patron, {~i} act as patron {Pau^l/o} Paul, {~a, ~ino} Pauline, Paula {pau^z/o} pause, recess, intermission, "break," {~i} pause, take a break {pav/o} peacock, {~i} strut around, show off {pavilon/o} pavilion {pavim/i} pave, {~o} ~ment {pec/o} piece; spare part {Pec^j/o} Pete {pedal/o, ~i} pedal {pedik/o} louse {peg/o} woodpecker {pejzag^/o} landscape, scenery {pek/i} sin, transgress, {~o} sin, transgression {pekl/i} pickle {pel/i} chase, shoo, {for~i} drive away {pelt/o} fur piece, fur coat {pelv/o} pelvis; basin {pen/i} endeavor, try, make an effort, {~e} with effort {pend/(ig)i} hang, {~umi} hang (execute), {de~i} depend, {sende~a} independent {Penelop/o} Penelope {penetr/i} penetrate, {ne~ebla} impenetrable {penik/o} paintbrush {penis/o} penis {pens/i} think, {~o} thought, {el~i} invent, {pri~i} reflect on, think about {pensi/o} pension (retirement), {~ulo} pensioner, retiree, {~ig^i} retire, go on pension {pension/o} boarding house, boarding school {pent/i} repent, {~o} ~ance, {~ofari} do penance {Pentekost/o} Pentecost, Whitsunday {pentr/i} paint (picture), {~isto} ~er, {~aj^o} ~ing {peon/o} pawn (chess, etc.) {pep/i} peep, chirp, twitter {per} by (means of), with, through, {sen~e} directly, {~i} act as agent, {~anto} agent, {~labori} earn, {~forti} force {~forte} by force {perd/i} lose, {~o} loss, {~ig^i} get lost {perdrik/o} partridge {pere/i} perish, {~igi} destroy, {~ig^o, ~igo} destruction {perfekt/a, ~igi} perfect, {~eco} ~ion {perfid/i} betray, {~o} ~al, treachery, {~(em)a} treacherous {periferi/o} periphery, outskirts {perimetr/o} perimeter, circumference {period/o} period (time) {periskop/o} periscope {perl/o} pearl {permes/i} permit, allow, {~o} permission, {~ilo} permit, license, {for~o} leave of absence; pass, furlough (military) {peron/o} front steps of a building; railway platform {perpleks/a} perplexed {persekut/i} persecute, prosecute, pursue {persik/o} peach {persist/i} persist, persevere, {~a} persistent, {~ado, ~emo} perseverance {person/o} person, {~a} ~al, {~eco} ~ality, {~oj} people {perspektiv/o} perspective {persvad/i} persuade, {~o} persuasion {perturb/i} perturb, disquiet, interfere with, {~o} unrest, disquiet, disturbance; interference (radio) {peruk/o} wig, hairpiece {pervers/a} perverse {pes/i} weigh (test weight of), {~ilo} scale {pesimism/o} pessimism, {~a} pessimistic {pesimist/o} pessimist {pest/o} plague, pestilence {pet/i} request, ask, beg, {mi ~as} please; you're welcome, {~egi} beseech, {~skribo} petition {petal/o} petal {petici/o} petition {petol/a} petulant, frolicsome, {~i} frolic, "horse around," {~ema} mischievous, playful {Petr/o} Peter {petrol/o} petroleum, {kruda ~o} crude oil, {lampa ~o} kerosene {pez/a} heavy, {~i} be heavy, weigh, {~o} weight (heaviness), {~ilo} a weight {pi/a} pious {pian/o} piano, {~isto} pianist {pied/o} foot, {~fingro} toe, {~bati} kick, {~iranto} pedestrian, {~pilko} football, soccer ball, {~premi} step on, {~pasi} tread {pij^am/o} pyjamas {pik/i} prick, sting, stab, {~o} prick, sting; spades (cards), {~drato} barbed-wire {piknik/o, ~i} picnic {pilgrim/i} go on pilgrimage, {~(ad)o} pilgrimage, {~anto} pilgrim {pilk/o} ball (for playing) {pilol/o} pill {pilot/o, ~i} pilot {pin/o} pine (tree) {pinc^/i} pinch, {~ilo} pincers, tong {pingl/o} pin; needle (on tree) {pint/o} point, peak, summit, {~a} pointed {pioc^/o} pick-axe {pionir/o} pioneer {pip/o} pipe (tobacco) {pipr/o, ~i} pepper {pir/o} pear {piramid/o} pyramid {pirat/o} pirate, {aer~o} skyjacker {pist/i} pound, crush, {~ilo} pestle {pistol/o} pistol; spray gun {pis^t/o} piston {pitoresk/a} picturesque {pivot/i, ~o} pivot {piz/o} pea {plac/o} public square, plaza {plac^/i} be pleasing, please, {kiel plac^as al vi... ?} how do you like... ?, {~a} pleasing, {lau^~e} as desired, as you like {plad/o} dish, platter; course {plafon/o} ceiling {plag/o} calamity, scourge, {~i} plague, afflict {plag^/o} bathing beach {plan/i} plan, {~o} plan, diagram; plane; {unua ~o} closeup (photography), {granda ~o} long shot, {antau^~o} foreground, {malantau^a ~o} background {pland/o} sole (foot), {~umo} sole (shoe) {planed/o} planet, {~a} ~ary {plank/o} floor {plant/o, ~i} plant, {~ejo} ~ation {plasm/o} plasma {plast/o, ~a} plastic {plastr/o} plaster (dressing) {plat/a} flat, {~o} plate, slab, {~aj^o} plateau {platform/o} platform {plau^d/i} splash, plash, lap {pled/i} plead (law) {plej} most, -est (see p. 111), {~parto} greatest part, great majority {plekt/i} plait, wreathe, twine {plen/a} full, complete, {~igi} fill up, {~umi} fulfill, accomplish, {~luno} full moon, {~ag^a, ~kreska} full-grown, adult, {~plena} full to overflowing, {~bus^o} mouthful, {~mano} handful {plend/i} complain, {~o} ~t {plezur/o} pleasure, {~iga} pleasurable {pli} more, -er (see p. 111), {~ poste} later on, {mal~} less, {~mal~} more or less, {~multo} majority, {~igi} increase, {~bonigi} improve, {~altigi} raise {plong^/i} dive, plunge, {~isto} diver {plor/i} weep, cry {plu} further, more, {~e} furthermore, {ne ~} no longer, {kaj tiel plu, k.t.p.} etc. {plug/i, ~ilo} plough {plum/o} feather; pen {plumb/o, ~a} lead {plur/aj} several, {~a} plural {plus} plus, {~o} sur~ {pluv/i, ~o} rain, {~egi} rain cats and dogs, pour {pneu^moni/o} pneumonia {po} at the rate of (see p. 133), {~grande} wholesale, {~malgrande} retail {podi/o} podium, platform {poem/o} poem {poent/o} point (score) {poet/o} poet {poezi/o} poetry, {~a} poetic {pokal/o} goblet; fancy cup {poker/o} poker (game) {pol/o} Pole, {~a} Polish, {~io, ~ujo, ~lando} Poland {polemik/o} controversy, {~i} engage in controversy {polic/o} police, {~ano} ~man, {~estro} chief of police {polis/o} (insurance) policy {politik/o} politics; policy, {~a} political {polk/o} polka {polp/o} octopus {polur/o} polish, luster, {~i} polish {polus/o} (North, South; positive, negative) pole, {~a} polar {polv/o} dust, {~osuc^ilo} vacuum cleaner {pom/o} apple, {ter~o} potato {pomp/o} pomp, splendor, {~a} resplendent {ponard/o} dagger {pont/o} bridge {popl/o} poplar {popol/o} a people, folk, {~amaso} the masses, {~kanto} folk song, {inter~a} people-to-people {popular/a} popular {por} for, in order to, {~ ke} so that {porci/o} portion, {~umi, ~igi} ration out {pord/o} door, gate {pork/o} pig, {~aj^o} pork {pornografi/o, ~aj^o} pornography, {~a} pornographic {port/i} carry, wear, {al~i} bring, {trans~i} transport, {el~i} carry out, put up with, endure {portik/o} portico, ornate porch/entryway {portret/o} portrait {posed/i} possess, own, {~(aj^)o} ~ion, property {post} after, behind, {~e} afterwards, {~skribo} P.S., {~tagmezo} afternoon, {~lasi} leave behind, {~aj^o} backside, rump, {~eulo} successor, {de~} since {posten/o} post, duty station, {~i} stand guard, be on duty {postul/i} demand, require {pos^/o} pocket, {~tuko} handkerchief {pos^t/o} mail, post, {~marko} postage stamp, {~karto} postcard, {~stampo} cancellation, {~(ofic)ejo} post office, {~aj^o} a piece of mail, {~isto} mailman {pot/o} pot, {~isto} ~ter, {~aj^o} ~tery {potenc/o} power, {~a} ~ful {pou^p/o} stern, poop(deck) {pov/i} be able, can, {~o} ability, {c^eval~o} horsepower, {c^io~a} almighty {poz/i, ~o} pose (picture; pretense) {pozici/o} position {pozitiv/a, ~o} positive {pra/} (prefix denoting other generation; see p. 211), {~patro} forefather, {~avo} great-grandfather, {~nepo} greatgrandson, {~tipo} prototype, {~historio} prehistory {praktik/a} practical, {~i} practice (profession, etc.), {~o} (actual) practice {pram/o} (small) ferry, {~s^ipo} ferryboat {prav/a} right, {mal~a} wrong, {~i} be right {precip/e} especially, mainly, {~a} principal, predominant {preciz/a} precise, {~e} ~ly, exactly, {~eco} precision, exactness {predik/i} preach, {~(aj^)o} sermon, {~isto} preacher {prefer/i} prefer {prefiks/o} prefix {preg^/i} pray, {~o} ~er, {~ejo} church {preleg/i, ~o} lecture {prem/i} (op)press, squeeze, {man~o} handshake {premi/i} award a prize, {~o} prize, premium {pren/i} take, get, lay hold of, {ek~i} grasp, {~ilo} tongs, {c^irkau^~i} embrace {prepar/i} prepare {~a} preparatory, preliminary, {~o} preparation {prepozici/o} preposition {preri/o} prairie {pres/i} print (type), {~aj^o} ~ed matter, {~isto} ~er, {~ilo} press, {~prov(aj^)o} proof, {~litero(j)} type {preskau^} almost, nearly {prestig^/o} prestige, glamor, {~a} prestigious, glamorous {pret/a} ready, finished, {~igi} prepare, {~ig^i} get ready {pretekst/o} pretext, {~i} pretend, give as an excuse {pretend/i} claim, make a pretense, presume to, {~o} claim, pretense, presumption {preter} beyond, straight past, {~pasi} pass by, overtake, {~lasi} omit, leave out {prez/o} price, {~listo} price~list {prezent/i} present, introduce, {~ado} presentation {prezid/i} preside, {~anto} president, chairman {pri} about, concerning; (as prefix see p. 301), {~skribi} describe, {~paroli} discuss {primitiv/a} primitive {primol/o} primrose {princ/o} prince, {~ido} prince's son, {~ino} princess {princip/o} principle, {~e} in principle {printemp/o} spring(time) {prism/o} prism {privat/a} private {privilegi/o} privilege, {~a} ~d {pro} on account of, for, because of, {~peti} plead for, intercede, {~ tio, ke} for the reason that {probabl/a} probable {problem/o} problem {proced/i} proceed, {~o} process, procedure {procent/o} percent(age), interest rate, {~aj^o} commission, {10 procentoj} 10% {proces/o} lawsuit, {~i} sue, litigate, go to court {procesi/o} procession {produkt/o} product, {~i} produce, {~ado} production, {~isto} producer {profan/i} profane, defile {profesi/o} profession, {~a} ~al {profesor/o} professor {profet/o} prophet, {~i} prophesy, {~aj^o} prophecy {profil/o} profile {profit/i, ~o} profit {profund/a} deep, profound, {~(ec)o, ~aj^o} depth {prognoz/o} prognosis, forecast, {~i} forecast {program/o} program (series of events), {~ero} item on a program {progres/i, ~o} progress {projekci/i} project, {~ilo} ~or, {~isto} ~ionist {projekt/o} project, plan, scheme, {~i} plan, make a project of {proklam/i} proclaim, {~(ad)o, ~aj^o} proclamation {prokrast/i} delay, put off, {~o} delay, {~emo} procrastination, {sen~e} without delay {proksim/a} near(by), next, {mal~a} distant, {(al)~ig^i} come close(r), {~ume} approximately {prokuror/o} public prosecutor, prosecuting attorney {prolet/o} proletarian, member of the lower class, {~aro} the proletariat {proletari/o = proleto} {prolog/o} prologue {promen/i} go for a walk, stroll; (less freq.: go for a ride), {~ado} stroll, walk, etc., {~ejo} promenade, {~anto} stroller {promes/i, ~o} promise {promoci/i} promote, {~o} promotion {prononc/i} pronounce, {~o} pronunciation {propagand/o} propaganda, publicity, {~i} publicize, advertise, {~aj^o} publicity material {propon/i} propose, suggest, offer, {~o} proposal, offer {proporci/o} proportion, ratio, {~a} proportional {propr/a} (my, your, etc.) own, personal, {~aj^o} property, {~avole} voluntarily {prospekt/o} prospectus {prosper/i} prosper, be successful, {~o} prosperity, success, {prosperis al mi... } I managed to... {prostitu/i, ~itino} prostitute {protein/o} protein {protekt/i} protect, {~anto} patron, {~ato} protege, {~(ism)a} protectionist {protest/i, ~o} protest {protestant/a, ~o} Protestant {protokol/o} minutes (meeting) {proton/o} proton {prototip/o} prototype {prov/i} try, test, {~aj^o} trial, test {proverb/o} proverb {provinc/o} province {proviz/i} provide, supply {~o} supply {provizor/a} temporary, provisional, {~e} for the time being {provok/i} provoke, incite {proz/o} prose {pru/o} prow, bow (ship) {prud/a} prudish, {~ul(in)o} prude {prudent/a} prudent, reasonable, {~o} good sense {prun/o} plum {prunt/i} borrow, loan, lend: {~edoni} lend, {~epreni} borrow {pruv/i} prove, {~o} proof {psalm/o} psalm, {~aro} the Psalms {pseu^donim/o} pseudonym {psik/a} psychic {psikiatr/o} psychiatrist, {~a} psychiatric, {~io} psychiatry {psikolog/o} psychologist, {~a} psychological, {~io} psychology {ptm. = posttagmeze,} p.m. {publik/o, ~a} public, {~igi} publish {puding/o} pudding {pudor/o} modesty, chaste behavior {pudr/o, ~i} (cosmetic) powder {puf/o} puff, swelling, {~igi} puff out, {~ig^i} puff up {pugn/o} fist, {~obati} punch {pul/o} flea {puli/o} pulley {pulm/o} lung {pulmonari/o} pulmonaria (lungwort plant) {pulover/o} pullover sweater {puls/o} pulse, {~i} pulsate, throb {pulv/o} gunpowder {pulvor/o} powder, {~a} ~y, {~igi} pulverize {pump/i, ~ilo} pump {pun/i} punish, {~o} ~ment, {mon~o} fine {punc^/o} punch (drink) {pund/o} pound (money) {punkt/o} point, dot, period, {~i} punctuate {punt/o} lace {pup/o} doll, (hand) puppet {pupitr/o} (school) desk, lectern {pur/a} clean, pure, {~igi} clean, {~eco} cleanliness, purity {purgatori/o} purgatory {puritan/o, ~a} puritan {purpur/a} purple {pus/o} pus, {~i} discharge pus {pus^i, {~o} push, {~ig^i kun} run into, {re~i} repulse, {~veturilo} wheelbarrow {put/o} well {putin/o} whore {putr/i} rot, {~a} ~ten {rab/i} rob, {~isto} ~ber, {~aj^o} booty, {~(o)besto} beast of prey {rabat/o} discount, rebate, {~i} deduct a discount {raben/o} rabbi {rabi/o} rabies, {~a} rabid, mad {raci/a} rational, {~o} logical reasoning {rad/o} wheel {radar/o} radar {radi/o} radio; ray, beam, {~i} radiate, {~isto} radioman {radik/o} root, {el~igi} eradicate {radikal/a, ~ulo} (politics) radical, {~o} (math.) radical {radiofoni/o} wireless telegraph {radium/o} radium {radius/o} radius {rafan/o} radish {rafin/i} refine, {~ejo} ~ry {ragu/o} ragout, stew {raj/o} skate, stingray {rajd/i} ride {rajt/i} be entitled to, {~o} a right, {~igi} authorize, {C^u mi ~as... } May I (= Is it all right if I... ) {raket/o} rocket {rakont/i} relate, tell (a story, etc.), {~o} story, tale {rambutan/o} rambutan (tree) {ramp/i} crawl, creep {ran/o} frog {rand/o} edge, rim, brim {rang/o} rank, grade, rate (military, etc.) {ranunkol/o} buttercup {rapid/a} fast, quick, {~i} go fast, hurry, {~(ec)o} speed, {~umo} gear, {mal~a} slow, {~limo} speed limit {raport/o, ~i} report {rapsodi/o} rhapsody {rar/a} rare, precious {ras/o} race, breed, {~ismo} racism {rasp/i} rasp, grate {rast/i, ~ilo} rake {rat/o} rat {rau^k/a} hoarse {rau^p/o} caterpillar {rav/i} delight, {~a} ~ful {raz/i} shave (transitive verb.), {~ilo} razor {razen/o} lawn {re/} (prefix see p. 92), {~veni} return, {~doni} give back, {~iri} go back, {~agi} react, {~vidi} see again, {g^is la ~vido} so long, {~e} again, {~en} back(wards) {reakci/o} reaction (physics, politics), {~a, {~ulo} reactionary {real/a} real, practical, {~isto} ~ist, {~ig^i} come true, {~igi} produce (film, etc.) {recenz/i, ~o} review (book, etc.) {recept/o} recipe, prescription {reciprok/a} reciprocal, mutual, {~i} reciprocate {redakci/o} editorial dept. {redakt/i} edit, {~isto} ~or {redaktor/o = redaktisto} {redingot/o} frock coat {redukt/i} reduce (transitive verb.) {referenc/o} reference (bibliographical, testimonial) {reflekt/i} reflect (light, sound) {reflektor/o} car headlight {refut/i} refute {reg/i} rule, govern, reign, control, {~anto} ruler, {~istaro} government {regal/i} entertain, treat, {~o} treat {regiment/o} regiment {region/o} region, {~a} ~al {registr/o} register, record, {~i} record (document, sound, video, etc.) {regn/o} realm, kingdom, sovereign country, {~estro} head of state {regul/o} rule, {~a} regular, {~igi} regulate, {~aro} rules, regulations {reg^/o} king, {~ino} queen, {~a} royal, regal, {~lando} kingdom {reg^im/o} regime {reg^isor/o} stage-manager {reklam/i} advertise, {~o} ~ment {rekomend/i} recommend; register (mail) {rekompenc/o} reward, compensation, {~i} reward, compensate {rekord/o} record (world's, etc.) {rekrut/o, ~i} recruit {rekt/a} direct, straight {rektor/o} rector (school) {rekvir/i = rekvizicii} {rekvizici/i} seize, exact, requisition {rel/o} rail (train) {relativ/a} relative (not absolute) {religi/o} religion, {~a} religious {rem/i} row, {~ilo} oar, {~boato} ~boat {rembur/i} upholster, pad, stuff, {~isto} upholsterer {rempar/o} rampart {ren/o} kidney {rendevu/o} rendezvous, appointment, date, {~i} meet (by arrangement) {renkont/i} meet, encounter (transitive verb.), {~ig^i} meet (intransitive verb.) {renom/o} renown, fame {rent/o} return on investment, {~umo} interest {renvers/i} upset, overthrow, turn upside down {repertuar/o} repertoire {reprezent/i} represent, {~anto} ~ative {reptili/o} reptile {reputaci/o} reputation {respekt/i} {~o} respect, {~inda} ~able {respektiv/a} respective {respond/i} respond, reply, answer, {~eco} responsibility, {~eci pri} be responsible for {respublik/o} republic, {~a, ~ano} ~an {rest/i} remain, stay, {~(aj^)o} remainder, rest {restoraci/o} restaurant {ret/o} net, network {resum/o} summary, {~i} summarize {retorik/o} rhetoric, oratory {reu^matism/o} rheumatism {rev/i, ~o} daydream, {~(o)lando} dreamland, {el~ig^i} be disappointed, disillusioned {revizor/o} government inspector, auditor {revoluci/o} revolution, {~a} ~ary {revolver/o} revolver {revu/i} review (soldiers, etc.), {~o} journal, review (magazine on specialized subject) {rezerv/i} (keep in) reserve {rezign/i} give up, renounce {rezist/i} resist, withstand, {ne~ebla} irresistible {rezoluci/o} resolution, motion (meeting) {rezult/o, ~i} result, {~igi} bring about {rezultat/o} conclusion; result (of a process) {ribel/i} rebel, revolt, {~o} rebellion, mutiny, revolt, {~ema} rebellious, insubordinate {ricev/i} receive, get {ric^/a} rich, well-off, {~ulo} rich man {rid/i, ~o} laugh, {~ado} ~ter, {~eti} smile, {~inda} ridiculous {rif/o} reef (rocks) {rifug^/i} take refuge, {~into} refugee, {~ejo} shelter, place of refuge {rifuz/i} refuse, {~o} refusal {rigard/i} look at, regard; consider (deem), {ek~i} glance {rigid/a} stiff, rigid {rigl/i, ~ilo} bolt (door) {rigor/o} rigor, {~a} ~ous, stringent {rinkan/i} sneer, grin knowingly {rikolt/i, ~(aj^)o} harvest {rilat/i} relate (have reference) to, {~e al} with reference to {rim/o, ~(ig)i} rhyme {rimark/i, ~o} notice, {~igi al} bring to (someone's) attention, {~inda} remarkable {rimed/o} means, remedy, resource {rimen/o} strap {ring/o} ring, {orel~o} ear~ {rip/o} rib {ripar/i} repair, fix {ripet/i} repeat {ripoz/i, ~o} rest, repose, {~ejo} resting place; waiting room {riproc^/i} reproach, scold, rebuke, "tell off," {~inda} reprehensible {risk/i, ~o} risk, hazard {risort/o} spring (mechanics) {rit/o} rite, {~a} ritualistic, {~aro} ritual {ritm/o} rhythm, {~a} ~ic {rival/o, ~i} rival {rivel/i} reveal; develop (photo) {river/o} river, {~eto} stream {riverenc/i} {~o} bow, curtsy; obeisance {riz/o} rice, {~okamp} ~field {rob/o} dress, robe, gown, {sub~o} slip {Robert/o} Robert {robot/o} robot {rod/i} gnaw {rododendr/o} rhododendron {rok/o} rock {rol/o} role, part (acting), {~anto} character (in play, etc.) {Rom/o} Rome {roman/o} novel {romantik/a} romantic, {~o} ~ism {romb/o} rhombus {romp/(ig^)i} break, {~ig^ema} breakable, brittle, {inter~i} interrupt {rond/a} round, {~o} circle {rong^/i} gnaw, nibble, {~ulo} rodent {ronk/i} snore {ros/o} dew {rost/i} roast (meat, etc.), toast (bread) {rostbif/o} roastbeef {rostr/o} (elephant's) trunk; proboscis {rot/o} squad (military), gang {Rotari/o} Rotary {roz/o} rose, {~(kolor)a} pink {rozari/o} rosary {rub/o} rubbish, debris, rubble, {~ujo} garbage can, {~ejo} garbage dump {ruband/o} ribbon {rubekol/o} robin {ruben/o} ruby {Rubikon/o} Rubicon {rubl/o} rouble (money) {rubrik/o} column (newspaper or magazine feature) or its heading {rug^/a} red, {~ig^i} blush {ruin/o, ~igi} ruin {rukt/i} belch, burp {rul/(ig^)i} roll, {~s^uo} ~erskate {rum/o} rum {rus/o} {~a} Russian, {~io, ~ujo} Russia {rust/o, ~i} rust {Rut/o} Ruth {rutin/o} routine, sheer habit {ruz/a} sly, cunning, {~o} trick, ruse {sabat/o} Saturday; Sabbath {sabl/o} sand, {~ero} grain of ~ {sadism/o} sadism, {~a} sadistic {sadist/o} sadist {sag/o} arrow {sagac/a} shrewd, astute {sag^/a} wise, {~(ec)o} wisdom, {~umi} split hairs; show off, act wise {sak/o} sack, bag, {~strato} dead-end street {sakr/i} cuss {sakrament/o} sacrament {saksofono/o} saxophone {sal/o, ~i} salt, {~ero} grain of ~, {~ujo} ~shaker {salajr/o} salary, wages {salat/o} salad {sald/o} balance (account), {~i} strike a balance {salik/o} willow {salikok/o} prawn, {~eto} shrimp {saliv/o} saliva, {~i} salivate, {~umi} slobber {salm/o} salmon {Salomon/o} Solomon {salon/o} salon; sitting room, parlor {salt/i, ~o} jump, leap, {~eti} hop, {ek~i} start (pain, surprise, etc.) {salut/i} greet, salute, {~o} greeting, {~on!} Hello! {sam/a} same, {~e} equally, {mal~a} different, {~ideano} fellow-thinker, fellow Esperantist, {~landano} compatriot {Samaritan/o} Samaritan {samovar/o} samovar {san/a} healthy, well, {~o} health, {~i} be well, {mal~a} ill, {mal~o} disease, {mal~i} be ailing, {mal~ulo} patient, {mal~ulejo} hospital, {(re)~igi} heal, cure {sandal/o} sandal {sang/o} blood, {~a} ~y, {~i} bleed, {sen~a, ~omanka} bloodless, anemic {sankci/o, ~i} sanction {sankt/a} sacred, holy, {~ulo} saint, {~igi} sanctify {sap/o, ~umi} soap {sardel/o} sardine (pickled) {sark/i} weed out {sarkasm/a} sarcastic, {~o} sarcasm {sarong/o} sarong {sat/a} satisfied, "full" (food), {mal~a} hungry, {mal~(eg)o} famine {Satan/o} Satan, {~a} ~ic {satelit/o} satellite {sau^c/o} sauce, gravy {sav/i} save, rescue, {~zono} lifebelt, safety belt, {~boato} lifeboat {scen/o} scene, {~ejo} stage {sci/i} know, know how, {~igi} inform, let know, {~ig^i} find out, learn of, {~povi} know how, {~voli} wonder, want to know, {~vola} curious, inquisitive, {~vol(em)e} inquisitively {scienc/o} science, {~isto} scientist {sciur/o} squirrel {se} if {seb/o} suet, tallow {sed} but {seg/i} {~ilo} saw {seg^/o} chair {sek/a, ~igi} dry, {mal~ig^i} get wet {sekal/o} rye {sekci/o} section {sekret/o, {~a} secret {sekretari/o} secretary {seks/o} sex, {~kunig^o} copulation, {~umi} have sex {sekt/o} sect {sekund/o} second (1/60 of minute) {sekur/a} secure, safe, {~eco} security {sekv/i} follow, {~o} consequence, {~e} consequently, {~(ant)a, ~inta, ~onta} next, {sin~e} consecutively {sel/o} saddle, {en~ig^i} mount up {sem/i} sow, {~o} seed, {dis~i} disseminate {semajn/o} week, {c^iu~e} weekly {sen} without, {~dube} undoubtedly, {~c^ese} ceaselessly, {~fine} endlessly, {~intenca} unintentional, {~bezona} needless, {~igi de} deprive of, {~tau^ga} good-for-nothing {senc/o} sense, meaning, {sen~aj^o} nonsense {send/i} send; transmit (radio, etc.) {sensaci/o} sensation, {~a} ~al {sent/i} feel, {~o} ~ing, sensation, {kun~o} sympathy {sentenc/o} wise saying, proverb {sentiment/o} sentiment, {~a} ~al {sep} seven, {~a, ~ono} ~th {sepi/a, ~(aj^)o} sepia {seps/a} septic, infected, {kontrau^~a} antiseptic {Septembr/o} September {ser/o} serum {serc^/i} search, look for {seren/a} serene, untroubled {serenad/o} serenade {serg^ent/o} sergeant {seri/o} series, {~a} serial {serioz/a} serious, earnest {serpent/o} serpent, snake, {~umi} wind around, meander {serum/o} serum {serur/o} lock, {~isto} ~smith {serv/i} serve, {~o} service, {~isto} servant {servut/o} servitude, serfdom, {~ulo} serf {ses} six, {~a, ~ono} ~th {sesi/o} session {sever/a} severe, strict {sezon/o} season (of year) {sfer/o} sphere {si} (see p. 137), {~ngardo} caution, {~ndone} selflessly, devotedly, {~nteno} attitude {Siberi/o} Siberia {sibl/i} hiss {sid/i} sit, {~ig^i} sit down, {~loko} seat (theater, etc.) {sieg^/i} besiege, {~o} siege {sigel/i, ~o} seal {sign/o} sign {signal/o, ~i} signal {signif/o} signify, mean, {~o} meaning {silab/o} syllable {silent/a} silent, {~o} silence {silk/o} silk {siluet/o} silhouette {simbol/o} symbol, {~i} ~ize {simetri/o} symmetry, {~a} symmetric {simfoni/o} symphony, {~a} symphonic {simi/o} monkey, ape {simil/a} similar, like, {~eco} similarity, {mal~a} different {simpati/o} sympathy, {~a} sympathetic {simpl/a} simple, {~igi} simplify, {mal~a} complex {simptom/o} symptom {sin/o} bosom {s-ino} abbreviation for {sinjorino} {sinagog/o} synagogue {sincer/a} sincere, {~(ec)o} sincerity {sindikat/o} syndicate; labor union {singult/i, ~o} hiccup {sinjor/o} Mr., Sir, gentleman; Lord, {~ino} Mrs., Madam, lady {siring/o} lilac {sirop/o} syrup {sistem/o} system, {(lau^)~a} ~atic {sitel/o} bucket, pail {situ/i} be situated, {~o} site {situaci/o} situation, circumstance(s) {skal/o} scale (map, measure, etc.) {skandal/o} scandal; commotion; shocking occurrence {Skani/o} Scania {skarab/o} beetle, {maj~o} june bug {skatol/o} box, {lad~o} (tin) can (food) {skelet/o} skeleton {skem/o} scheme; model, pattern {skeptik/a} skeptical, {~ulo} skeptic {ski/o, ~kuri} ski {skism/o} schism {skiz/o, ~i} sketch {sklav/o} slave {skol/o} school (of thought, art, etc.) {skolt/o} boy scout {skorpi/o} scorpion {skot/o} Scot, {~lando}} ~land, {~a} ~tish, scotch {skrap/i} scrape {skrib/i} write, {pri~i} describe, {sub~i} sign, {~mas^ino} typewriter, {~(o)tablo} desk {sku/i} shake (transitive verb.), shock {slav/o,~a} Slav(ic) {slip/o} slip (paper), filing card, {~aro} file {smerald/o} emerald {snob/o, ~a} snob(bish) {sobr/a} sober, temperate {soci/a} social, {~o} society (community of persons), {~eto} society (organization) {social/a} social, {~ismo} ~ism {sof/o} sofa {soif/o} thirst, {~i} be ~y {sojl/o} threshold {sokl/o} supporting base (for statue, wall, etc.) {sol/a} sole, alone, {~e} solely, only, {~eca} solitary, lonely, {~o} solo (music), {~isto} soloist {soldat/o} soldier; (chess) pawn {solen/a} solemn, ceremonious, {~i} observe with ceremony {solid/a} solid {solidar/a} jointly responsible, standing together, {~(ec)o} solidarity {solv/i} solve, dissolve, {~o} solution {somer/o} summer, {~domo} ~house {son/i, ~o} sound, {bel~a} euphonious, {~bendo} audio tape {sonat/o} sonata {song^/i, ~o} dream (asleep) {sonor/i} ring (intransitive verb.), {~a} sonorous, {~ilo} bell {sopir/i} long for, yearn, {~o} longing {sopran/o} soprano {sorb/i} absorb; sip (as through a straw), {~a} absorbent, {~a papero} blotter {sorc^/o} sorcery, {~i} bewitch, {~istino} witch, {en~iga} enchanting {sort/o} destiny, fate, fortune {sovag^/a} wild, savage, {mal~a} tame {sov(j)et/a} Soviet, {Sovet-Unio} the USSR {spac/o} space {spad/o} (dress) sword, rapier {spark/o} spark (elec.), {~ilo} spark plug {spasm/o} spasm {spec/o} kind, sort, species {special/a} (e)special {specif(ik)/i} specify, {~a} specific {specimen/o} specimen, sample {spegul/o} mirror, {~i} reflect {spekt/i} watch as spectator, {~anto} spectator {spektakl/o} spectacle, show {spert/o} experience, {~a} ~d, expert, {~ulo} expert {spez/i} transact money; {el~i} pay out, {en~i} take in, {en~o(j)} income, {el~o(j)} expenses, {~ado} cash flow {spic/o, ~i} spice, {~isto} grocer {spin/o} spine {spinac/o} spinach {spion/o, ~i} spy {spir/i, ~o} breath(e), {en~i} inhale, {el~i} exhale, {~ado} respiration {spirit/o} spirit, {~a} ~ual, {~ismo} spiritualism {spit/o} spite, defiance, {~i} defy, {~e} defiantly, in (de)spite {splen/o} ill humor, "the blues" {split/o} splinter, {~i} splinter, split (transitive verb.) {spong/o} sponge, {~(ec)a} spongy {spont(an)/a, spontane/a} spontaneous {sporad/a} sporadic {sport/o} sport, {~isto} ~sman; athlete {sprit/o} wit, {~a} ~ty, lively, {mal~a} dull, stupid {spron/o, ~i} spur {spur/o} trace, track (left by animals, etc.) {sputnik/o} Sputnik {s-ro} abbreviation for {sinjoro} {stab/o} staff (military, etc.) {stabil/a} stable {stabl/o} (work)bench, trestle, easel {staci/o} station, {~domo} (large railway) station house {stadi/o} stage (of development); stadium {stadion/o} stadium {stafet/o} relay rider, relay racer {stagn/i} stagnate {stal/o} stall for animals {stamp/i} stamp, mark {stan/o, ~a} tin {standard/o} standard (flag) {stang/o} pole, rod {star/i} stand, {ek~i} stand up {start/i} start off, {~igilo} starter {stat/o} state, condition, {bon~a} in good condition {statist/i} play a small part (play, etc.), {~o} bit-player, supporting actor {statistik/o} statistics {statu/o} statue {statur/o} stature {statut/o} regulations, by-laws {steb/i} stitch, quilt {Stefan/o} Steven {stel/o} star, {~eto} footnote star (*); asterisk {stenograf/i} write shorthand, {~io} shorthand, stenography {step/o} steppe, moor {steril/a} sterile, {~igi} sterilize {sterk/o} manure, fertilizer, {~i} fertilize {stern/i} lay out, spread {stertor/i} make hoarse, rattling noise in throat {stevard/o} steward, attendant (ship, plane, etc.) {stil/o} style {stimul/i} stimulate {stir/i} steer (vehicle), {~ilo} ~ing wheel; (airplane) joystick {stiv/i} stow (cargo), {~isto} stevedore {stoik/a, ~ulo} stoic(al) {stok/o, ~i} stock (goods) {stomak/o} stomach {strab/i} be cross-eyed; look askance {strand/o} (bathing) beach {strang/a} strange, peculiar {strangol/i} strangle {strat/o} street, {~angulo} corner {strategi/o} strategy, {~a} strategic {streb/i} strive for {strec^/i} stretch (transitive verb.), wind up (spring, etc.), {~o} tension, {mal~o} detente, {mal~ig^i} relax {strek/o} stroke (drawn line), {~i} make a stroke, {for~i} strike out, {sub~i} underline, emphasize {stri/o} strip(e), ray {strig/o} owl {strik/o, ~i} strike (stop work) {strof/o} verse (song, etc.) {struktur/o} structure {strut/o} ostrich {stud/i} study, {~anto} student {student/o = studanto} (university) {studi/o} studio (TV, etc.) {stult/a} stupid, foolish, {~ulo} fool {stumbl/i} stumble {sub} under, beneath, {~iri} go down, {~ulo} subordinate, {~skribi} sign, {~taso} saucer, {~teni} support, {~tera} underground, {~metig^i} submit, {~urbo} suburb, {~au^skulti} eavesdrop {subit/a} sudden {subjekt/o} subject {subjektiv/a} subjective {sublimat/o} corrosive sublimate {substanc/o} substance {substantiv/o} substantive, noun {substitu/i} substitute (transitive verb.) {subtil/a} subtle {subtrah/i} subtract (arithmetic), {~o} ~ion {subvenci/i} subsidize, {~o} subsidy {suc^/i} suck, {~igi} suckle {sud/o} south, {~a} ~ern {sufer/i} suffer, endure {sufic^/a} sufficient, enough; {~e} sufficiently; rather, {~i} suffice {sufiks/o} suffix {suflor/i} prompt (theater), {~o} ~er {sufok/i} suffocate (transitive verb.), choke {sugest/i} suggest, {~o} ~ion {sugesti/i} suggest (hypnotically, etc.), {~o} the power of ~ion {suk/o} juice, sap {sukces/i} succeed, {~o} success, {mal~i} fail {suker/o} sugar, {~ujo} ~bowl {sulfur/o} sulfur, {~a} ~ic, ~ous {sulk/o, ~i} furrow, wrinkle (transitive verb.) {sultan/o} sultan {sum/o} sum, {~igi} sum up, {re~i} summarize, {re~o} summary, resume {sun/o} sun, {~radio} ~beam, {~levig^o} ~rise, {~subiro} ~set, {~floro} ~flower, {~umi} (put out to) sun {sup/o} soup {super} above, over, {~a, ~ulo} superior, {~i} surpass, exceed, {~jaro} leap year, {~signo} supersign, accent mark, {~forti} overpower, {~homo} superman, {~flua} superfluous, {~vendejo} supermarket {superstic^/o} superstition, {~a} superstitious {supoz/i} suppose, presume, {~o} supposition {supr/e(n)} above, up(wards), on top, upstairs, {~a} upper, {~(aj^)o} top, summit, surface, {mal~e(n)} below, downstairs {sur} (up)on, {~meti} put on, {~s^ipe} on board, {~skribo} superscription {surd/a} deaf, {~(a)mutulo} ~mute {surfac/o} surface {surpriz/i, ~o} surprise {surtut/o} overcoat {suspekt/i} suspect, {~o} suspicion, {~inda, ~ema} suspicious {suspir/i} sigh {susur/i, ~o} rustle, swish (sound) {sutur/i, ~o} suture, seam {suveren/o, ~a} sovereign {svarm/i, ~o} swarm {svat/i} match-make, promote marriage, {~ist(in)o} match-maker {sved/o} Swede, {~a} Swedish, {~ujo, ~io, ~lando} Sweden {svelt/a} slender, slim {sven/i, ~o} faint, swoon {sving/i} swing (transitive verb.); wave about, brandish; fling {svis/o, ~a} Swiss, {~ujo, ~io, ~lando} Switzerland {s^ablon/o} pattern, stencil, template {s^af/o} sheep, {~aj^o} mutton, {~ido} lamb {s^ah/o} shah {s^ajn/i} seem, appear to be; {~as al mi, ke... } it seems to me that... , {~igi} feign, pretend, {~e} apparently, {~o} appearance {s^ak/o} chess {~i} check, {~tabulo} ~board, {s^ak!} check! {s^akal/o} jackal {s^akr/i} peddle in small-time way (black market, street corners, etc.) {s^akt/o} shaft (mine, elevator) {s^al/o} shawl {s^alt/i} switch (transitive verb.), {~ilo} switch, {en~i} turn on, {el~i} turn off {s^am/o} chamois {s^anc/o} luck; chance, {bonan ~on!} good luck! {s^ancel/i} shake (transitive verb.), {~ig^i} waver {s^ang^/i, ~ig^i} change, {inter~o} exchange {s^arg/i} load (gun, camera, etc.), charge (battery) {s^arg^/i, ~o} load, burden, {mal~i} unload {s^ark/o} shark {s^at/i} have high regard for, like, {~inda} likeable {s^au^m/o, ~i} froth, foam {s^ejk/o} sheik {s^el/o} shell, peel, bark, husk, {sen~igi} shell, peel, etc. {s^elk/o} suspenders {s^erc/i, ~o} joke, jest, {~ema} playful, jocular {s^erif/o} sheriff {s^i} she, {~a} her {s^ik/a} chic {s^ild/o} shield, sign-board {s^im/o} mold (mildew), {~a} ~y, {~i} get ~y {s^ind/o} shingle, wood tile {s^ink/o} ham {s^ip/o} ship, {en~ig^i} embark, {el~ig^i} disembark, {~anaro} crew, {~estro} master, {~pereo} ~wreck {s^ir/i} tear, rip (transitive verb.), {~aj^o} a tear, {de~i} tear off; pick (flower, etc.) {s^irm/i, ~ilo, ~ejo} shelter {s^lim/o} slime {s^los/i} lock, {mal~i} unlock, {~ilo} key; wrench {s^mac/i} make smacking noise with lips {s^mink/i, ~o} make up (face, etc.) {s^mir/i} smear, spread (butter, etc.), anoint, {~aj^o} ointment {s^nur/o} rope, cord, {~(o)salti} skip rope {s^ofor/o} driver, chauffeur {s^ok/i, ~o} shock {s^ose/o} highway {s^ov/i} shove, push along, {(el)~i} thrust out {s^ovel/i, ~ilo} shovel {s^ovinism/o} chauvinism, {~isto} chauvinist {s^par/i} save, spare, {~ema} thrifty {s^pat/o} spade {s^pin/i} spin (thread), {~ilo} ~dle, {~rado} ~ning wheel {s^pruc/i} gush, spurt (out), {~igi} squirt, {~ilo} nozzle, {en~igilo} syringe {s^rank/o} cupboard, cabinet, sideboard, wardrobe, etc., {mono~o} strong-box {s^rapnel/o} shrapnel {s^rau^b/o, ~i} screw, {~ilo} ~driver, {~ingo} nut, {~s^losilo} adjustable wrench {s^rump/i} shrivel up, shrink (intransitive verb.) {s^tal/o} steel {s^tat/o} state (politics entity), {~igi} nationalize, {~estro} head of state {s^tel/i} steal, {~isto} thief, {~e} stealthily {s^tip/o} block/chunk of wood, {~aro} woodpile {s^tof/o} cloth, material, {sub~o} lining {s^ton/o} stone, {~ego} boulder {s^top/i} plug up (transitive verb.), stop up, clog, {~ilo} stopper, plug; electric plug, {~ilingo} electric socket {s^torm/o} storm {s^trump/o} stocking, {~eto} sock {s^tup/o} step, stair, rung, {~aro} staircase {s^u/o} shoe, {~(far)isto} ~maker {s^uld/i} owe, {~o} debt {s^ultr/o} shoulder, {~levi} shrug {s^ut/i} pour out (grain, etc., not liquid), {super~i} overwhelm {s^veb/i} hover, float in air {s^vel/i} swell (intransitive verb.), {~igi} inflate {s^vit/i} perspire, sweat, {~o} perspiration, sweat {tabak/o} tobacco {tabel/o} table(t) (stone, wood, etc.); tabulation, {viv~o} actuarial table {tabernakl/o} tabernacle {tabl/o} table, {skrib(o)~} desk {tabul/o} board, plank {tac^ment/o} detachment {tag/o} day, {~ig^o} ~break, dawn, {~mezo} noon, {~lumo} ~light, {~mang^o} dinner (midday meal), {~libro} diary, {~ordo} agenda, c{^iu~a} daily {tajd/o} tide {tajlor/o, ~i} tailor {tajp/i} type (on keyboard) {taks/i} rate, estimate the value of; appraise, {~isto} appraiser, {ne~ebla} priceless, {tro~i} overestimate, {sub~i} underestimate {taksi/o} taxi, {~isto} ~driver {takt/o} tact; (music) time {taktik/o} tactic(s) {talent/o} talent, {~a} ~ed {tali/o} waist(line) {tambur/o} drum, {~isto} ~mer {tamen} nevertheless, however, {kaj tamen, sed tamen} and yet {tang/o} tango {tank/o} tank (military) {tapet/o} tapestry, wall covering, {paper~o} wallpaper {tapis^/o} carpet {tas/o} cup, {sub~o} saucer {task/o} task, assigned work, {~i} assign {tau^g/i} fit, be suitable, {~a} suitable, {sen~a} useless, {sen~ulo} good-for-nothing {tau^z/i} tousle, dishevel {tavern/o} tavern, inn {tavol/o} layer {te/o} tea, {~poto, ~kruc^o} ~pot {team/o} team {teatr/o} theater, {~a} theatrical, {~aj^o} play {ted/i} bore, {~a} tiresome, boring {teg/i} cover protectively (with cloth, overlay of metal, etc.), {~ilo} protective cover {tegment/o} roof {tek/o} briefcase; file (box or folder containing papers, films, tapes, etc.) {teknik/a} technical, {~o} technique, technic {teknologi/o} technology {teks/i} weave, {~ilo} loom, {~aj^o} textile {Teksas/o} Texas {tekst/o} text; lyric (song), {~i} say, read {telefon/i, ~o} telephone {telegraf/i, ~o} telegraph {telegram/o} telegram {telemetri/o} telemetry {teler/o} plate, dish, {~eto} small plate, saucer {teleskop/o} telescope {televid/i} see on TV, {~o} TV, {~ilo} TV set {tem/o} subject, topic, {~as pri} it's a matter of {temp/o} time, {liber~o} time off, spare time, {dum~e} meanwhile, {sam~a} simultaneous {temperament/o} temperament {temperatur/o} temperature {tempest/o} tempest, storm {tempi/o} temple (forehead) {templ/o} temple (worship) {ten/i} hold, hang onto, {~ilo} handle, {re~i} retain, {sin~o} attitude, {de~i} restrain, {re~i} hold back (transitive verb.), {sub~i} support, {sinde~i} abstain {tend/o} tent, {~(um)i, ~aro} camp {tendenc/a} tendentious, partisan, biased, {~o} inherent tendency, bias {tenebr/o} (literary word for) profound darkness {tenis/o} tennis {tenor/o} tenor (music) {tensi/o} tension; voltage {tent/i} tempt, entice, {~o} temptation {Teodor/o} Theodore {teolog/o} theologian {teologi/o} theology {teorem/o} theorem {teori/o} theory {ter/o} earth, soil, {~tremo} earthquake, {~globo} (world)globe, {~pomo} potato, {en~igi} bury, {sub~a} underground {terapi/o} therapy {teras/o} terrace {teren/o} terrain, grounds; field used for an activity {teritori/o} territory, {~a} territorial {termin/o} (technical) term, {~aro} terminology, glossary {termometr/o} thermometer {termos/o} thermos bottle {termostat/o} thermostat {tern/i, ~o} sneeze {teror/o} (reign of) terror, {~ismo} ~ism, {~isto} ~ist {terur/o} terror, {~a} terrible, {~i} terrify {test/o, ~i} (scientific) test {testament/o} will, testament, {~i} make a will; bequeath {testud/o} tortoise {tez/o} thesis, essay {ti-} (forms correlative; see p. 127) {tiamaniere} in that way, {tie kaj tie} here and there, {tien kaj reen} back and forth, {tiele} thusly, {tio au^ alio} one thing or another {Tibet/o} Tibet {tifon/o} typhoon {tig/o} stem, stalk {tigr/o} tiger {tik/o} tic, twitch (muscle) {tikl/i} tickle (transitive verb.) {tili/o} linden tree {tim/i, ~o} fear, {~igi} frighten, {~ema} timid {tindr/o} tinder, punk {tine/o} moth {tinktur/o, ~i} dye, tint {tint/i, ~o} tinkle, jingle {tip/o} type, {~a} typical {tir/i} pull, draw, {al~i} attract, {~kesto} drawer {tiran/o} tyrant, {~i} tyrannize {titan/o} Titan, {~a} titanic {titol/o} title, heading, {~i} title (transitive verb.) {tol/o} cloth (cotton, linen, canvas, etc.), {~marko} laundry mark {toler/i} tolerate {tomat/o} tomato {tomb/o} tomb, grave, {~ejo} graveyard, {en~igi} entomb, inter {ton/o} tone {tond/i} clip, cut with shears, {~ilo} scissors, shears, {pri~i} prune {tondr/o, ~i} thunder {torc^/o} torch {tord/i} twist (transitive verb.), contort {torent/o} torrent {torn/i} turn (on lathe), {~ilo} lathe {tornistr/o} knapsack, backpack {torped/o, ~i} torpedo {tort/o} pie, tart {tortur/i, ~o} torture {tost/i, ~o} (offer a) toast {total/a} total, {~ismo} ~itarianism {totem/o} totem {tra} through, {~vivi} live through, survive, experience, {~nokti} pass the night {trab/o} beam, girder {tradici/o} tradition, {~a} ~al {traduk/i} translate, {~o} translation {traf/i} hit (desired mark), catch (train, etc.), run across (person), {~a} striking, {mal~i} miss {trafik/o} traffic {tragedi/o} tragedy, {~a} tragic {tragik/a = tragedia} {trajn/o} train {trajt/o} feature, trait {trak/o} track {trakt/i} deal with, treat, {~aj^o} treatise {traktat/o} treaty {traktor/o} tractor {tram/o} streetcar {tranc^/i} cut, slice, {~ilo} knife, {~aj^o} slice {tranc^e/o} trench (military) {trankvil/a} calm, tranquil {trans} across, on the other side of, {~lokig^i, ~log^ig^i} move, {~porti} transport, {~iri} cross, transfer, {~formi} transform, {~doni} hand over {transistor/o} transistor; small transistor radio {transitiv/a} transitive {transvers/a} transverse, {~e} crosswise {trat/o} (bank) draft, {~i} make a draft {travesti/o} travesty {tre} very much, very, {~ege} extremely, enormously {tref/o} clubs (cards) {trejn/i} train, coach {trem/i} tremble, quiver {tremol/o} aspen {tremp/i} dip, immerse, soak (transitive verb.) {tren/i} drag, tow, {~s^ipo} tugboat {tret/i} tread, trample on {trezor/o} treasure {tri} three, {~a, ~ono} third, {~o} trio, {~obla} triple, {~folio} clover {trib/o} tribe, {~a} tribal {tribord/o} starboard {tribun/o} rostrum, speaker's platform {tribunal/o} tribunal {tribut/o} tribute, {~i} pay tribute {tricikl/o} tricycle {trigonometri/o} trigonometry {trik/i} knit, {~ilo} ~ting needle {trikoloret/o} pansy {tril/i, ~o} trill (music) {trilion/o} trillion {trilogi/o} trilogy {trink/i, ~aj^o} drink {trist/a} (poetic word for) sad {tritik/o} wheat {triumf/o, ~i} triumph {trivial/a} vulgar, course, commonplace {tro} too much, too, {~igi} exaggerate {trog/o} trough, manger {trole/o} trolley, {~buso} ~bus {trombon/o} trombone {tromp/i} deceive, cheat {tron/o} throne {tropik/a} tropical, {~o} the tropics {trot/i} trot {trotuar/o} sidewalk {trov/i} find, {~ig^i, sin ~i} be found, be located, find oneself {tru/o} hole {trud/i} impose, force, {en~ig^i} intrude {trumpet/o, ~i} trumpet {trunk/o} trunk (tree, body, etc.) {trup/o} troop {trut/o} trout {tualet/o} toilette {tub/o} tube, pipe; barrel (gun) {tuberkuloz/o} tuberculosis {tuj} immediately, {~a} immediate {tuk/o} cloth, {antau^~o} apron {tulip/o} tulip {tumor/o} tumor {tumult/o} tumult, riot {tun/o} ton {tunel/o} tunnel {tunik/o} tunic {tur/o} tower; castle (chess) {turist/o} tourist {turk/o} Turk, {~a} ~ish, {~ujo, ~io} ~ey {turment/i, ~o} torment {turn/i} turn (transitive verb.), {~i sin} turn around; {~i sin al} apply to {turne/o} (theatrical) tour {turnir/o} tournament {tus/i, ~o} cough {tusilag/o} coltsfoot (plant) {tus^/i} touch {tut/a} entire, whole, {~e} entirely, {~e ne} not at all, {ne ~e} not quite, {en~e} as a whole, altogether, {~monda} worldwide, {super~o} overalls, {~aj^o} entirety {tvist/o, ~i} twist (dance) {-uj/} (suffix denoting container; see pp. 132, 187) {~o} container {-ul/} (suffix denoting person; see p. 143) {ulcer/o} ulcer {Ulis/o} Ulysses {ulm/o} elm {ultimat/o} ultimatum {-um/} (suffix with indefinite meaning; see p. 194) {~(aj^)o} whatchamacallit, thingamajig {umbilik/o} navel {unc/o} ounce {ung/o} nail (finger, toe), claw (animal) {uni/o} (politics) union {uniform/o} uniform {unik/a} unique {univers/o} universe {universal/a} universal, worldwide {universitat/o} university {unu} one, {~a} first, {~e} first of all, firstly, {~o} unit, {~eco} unity, {~eca} unified, {~igi} unite, {~ig^inta} united, {~ope} singly, one at a time, {~foje} once, {unu la alian} one another {uragan/o} hurricane {urani/o} uranium {urb/o} city, {~a} urban, {~ego} metropolis, {~eto} town, {~(o)domo} city hall, {~estro} mayor, {sub~o, antau^~o} suburb {urg^/a} urgent, {~i} urge, press, hurry (someone), {ne ~as} there's no hurry {urin/o} urine, {~i} urinate {urs/o} bear {urtik/o} nettle {Urugvaj/o} Uruguay, {~a, ~ano} ~an {Uson/o} the USA, {~a, ~ano} American {uter/o} womb {util/a} useful, advantageous, {~(ec)o} use(fulness), {sen~a} useless, {~igi} make use of, utilize, {mal~i, mal~o} harm, {mal~a} harmful {Utopi/o} Utopia, {~a} ~n {uvertur/o} overture (music) {uz/i, ~o} use, {el~i} use up, wear out {uzin/o} (heavy industry) factory, mill {uzur/o} usury {uzurp/i} usurp {u^at/o} Watt {vad/i} wade, {tra~i} ford {vafl/o} waffle, {~eto} wafer; cone (ice cream) {vag/i} roam, wander, {~ulo} vagabond, "rolling stone" {vagin/o} vagina {vagon/o} railway carriage, {~aro} train {vak/a} vacant, {~i} be vacant, {~igi} vacate {vakcin/o} vaccine, {~i} vaccinate {vaker/o} cowboy {vaks/o} wax, {~tolo} oilcloth {vaku/o} vacuum {val/o} valley {valid/a} valid, {~i} be valid, {~igi} validate {valiz/o} valise, small suitcase {valor/o} value, {~a} valuable, {~i} be worth, {sen~a} worthless {vals/o, ~i} waltz {valut/o} currency (of a country); foreign exchange rate {valv/o} valve; tube (elec.) {van/a} futile, useless, {~e} in vain {vandal/o} vandal {vang/o} cheek, {~ofrapo} slap {vanil/o} vanilla {vant/a} conceited, vain; frivolous, {~aj^o} frivolity, silliness {vapor/o} steam, vapor, {~s^ipo} steamship {var/o}(j) wares, merchandise, commodity {varb/i, ~ito} recruit, {~ig^i} enlist {vari/i} vary (intransitive verb.), {~a} variable, {~aj^o} variation {variete/o} variety show {variol/o} smallpox, {~eto} chicken pox {varm/a} warm, {~ega} hot, {~eta} lukewarm, {mal~a} cold, {mal~umo} a cold {Varsovi/o} Warsaw {vart/i, ~ist(in)o} nurse {vast/a} vast, spacious, {mal~a} close, cramped (for space), {dis~igi} spread (news, etc.) {Vas^ington/o} Washington {vat/o} cotton wool, wadding; (elec.) Watt {Vatikan/o} the Vatican {vaz/o} vessel (any container), vase {vazelin/o} vaseline {ve!} woe! {ho ve!} alas! Oh dear! {~spiri} sigh, {hejm~o} homesickness {veget/i} vegetate {vegetar/a, ~ano} vegetarian {vejn/o} vein {vek/i} wake (transitive verb.), arouse, {~ig^i} wake up, {~horlog^o} alarm clock {vel/o} sail {velk/i} fade, wither {velur/o, ~a} velvet {ven/i} come, {al~i} arrive, {kun~i} meet, {re~i} come back, {de~i} come from, derive or result from, {~onta} next {vend/i} sell, {~ejo} store, {~isto} salesman {vendred/o} Friday {venen/o, ~i} poison {vener/a} venereal {Venezuel/o} Venezuela {veng^/i} avenge, {~o} revenge, vengeance {venk/i} defeat, win over, {~o} victory {vent/o} wind, {~umi, ~umilo} fan, {~ego} windstorm {ventol/i} ventilate, {~ilo} ventilator {ventr/o} belly, tummy {Venus/o} Venus {ver/a} true, {~o} truth, reality, {~e} really, truly, {~s^ajne} probably, {~dire} to tell the truth {verb/o} verb {verd/a, ~o} green {verdikt/o} verdict {verg/o} rod, switch; wand, {~i} flog, take a switch to {verk/o} (literary or artistic) work, {~i} write, create (literature, music, etc.), {~isto} writer, {~aro} (collected) works, {~into} author {verm/o} worm {vers/o} one line of verse, song, etc. {versi/o} version {vers^/i} pour (liquids); shed, scatter, {el~i} pour out, {en~i} pour in {vert/o} top of head {vertebr/o} vertebra {vertig^/o} vertigo, dizziness, {~i} feel dizzy {vertikal/a} vertical {veruk/o} wart {verv/o} verve, vivacity, {~a} vivacious, lively, {sen~a} lifeless, dull {vesp/o} wasp {vesper/o} evening, {~e} in the evening {vespert/o} bat {vespr/o} vespers, evensong {vest/i} (transitive verb.) clothe, dress, {~ig^i} get dressed, {vest(aj^)o} garment, {~oj} clothes, {sen~ig^i} undress, strip, {sub~o} undergarment {ves^t/o} vest {vet/i, ~o} bet, wager, {~kuri} race {veter/o} weather, {~informoj} weather report {veteran/o} veteran {veterinar/o} veterinarian {vetur/i} travel; go (not walking), {~ilo} vehicle, {~igi} drive {vezik/o} bladder; bubble, {~eto} blister {vi} you {~a} ~r(s) {viand/o} meat {vibr/i} vibrate, {~(ad)o} vibration {vic/o} row, rank; turn; vice-, {~e} in rows, {lau^~e} in turn, {~prezidanto} vice-president, {~patro} step-father, {mia ~o} my turn {vid/i} see, {~o} sight, {~aj^o} view, {~ebla} visible, {~inda} worth seeing, {~punkto} viewpoint, {~bendo} videotape {vidv/o} widower, {~ino} widow {Vien/o} Vienna {vigl/a} alert, keen, brisk {viking/o} Viking {viktim/o} victim {vil/a} shaggy, hairy {vila/o} villa {vilag^/o} village, {~eto} hamlet {Vilc^j/o} Bill {Vilhelm/o} William {vin/o} wine, {~bero} grape, {~berejo} vineyard {vinagr/o} vinegar {vind/i} wrap (in cloth), bandage, {~otuko} swaddling cloth {vintr/o} winter {viol/o} violet {violon/o} violin {violonc^el/o} cello {vip/o, ~i} whip {vipur/o} viper {vir/o} man, {~ino} woman, {~a} male, {~ina} female, {~eco} virility {virg/a, ~ul(in)o} virgin {virt/o} virtue, morality, {mal~o} vice {virtuoz/o} virtuoso {virus/o} virus {visk/o} mistletoe {viski/o} whisky {vis^/i} wipe, {~tuko} dust rag; dish cloth {vit/o} (grape)vine {vitamin/o} vitamin {vitr/o} glass (material), {okul~oj} eyeglasses, {~aj^o} pane {vitrin/o} showcase {viv/i} live, {~o} life, {tra~i} experience, survive, {vivu!} long live! {~teni} support {viz/o} visa {vizag^/o} face {vizi/o} vision {vizit/i} visit; attend, {~o} visit {vjetnam/o, ~a} Vietnam(ese) {voc^/o} voice; vote, {~e} orally, {~doni} vote {vodk/o} vodka {voj/o} way, road, {~montrilo} signpost {vojag^/i} travel, {~o} trip, voyage, {~anto} traveler, {~ema} inclined to travel {vojevod/o} title of provincial governor in Poland {vok/i} call, summon, {al~i} invoke, appeal to, {el~i} evoke {vokal/o} vowel {vokt/o} taskmaster {vol/o} will(ingness), {~i} be willing to, want to, {lau^~e} as one pleases, at will, {~i diri} mean {Volapuk/o} Volapuk, {Tio estas ~aj^o} "It's all Greek to me" {volb/o} vault(ed ceiling) {volont/a} willing, voluntary, {~e} willingly, {~ulo} volunteer {volt/o} Volt {volum/o} volume (book, etc.) {volupt/a} voluptuous, {~o} sexual pleasure {volv/i} wind up, roll up, {mal~i} unroll {vom/i} vomit, throw up {vort/o} word, {~aro} dictionary, vocabulary, {lau^~e} verbatim, word-for-word {vost/o} tail {vot/o, ~i} vow {vual/o, ~i} veil {vulgar/a} common, everyday {vulkan/o} volcano {vulp/o} fox {vultur/o} vulture {vund/o} wound, injury, {~i} wound {zebr/o} zebra {zefir/o} zephyr {zenit/o} zenith {zigzag/i, ~a} zigzag {zink/o} zinc {zip/o} zipper {zodiak/o} zodiac {zon/o} belt; zone {zoologi/o} zoology {zorg/i} (take) care (of), see to, worry (about), {~o} care, concern (for), {~eme} carefully {zum/i, ~o} hum, buzz; roar (traffic, etc.), {~ilo} buzzer
Enrique Ellemberg
Fremont, CA, Usono
Aŭgusto 24a, 2005
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