Richardson Vortaro
Esperanto - English

Versio 24 aŭgusto 2005


This page was copied November 7th, 2000 from:
http://www.avana.net/~jimhenry/esp/vortaroj/esp_angl.txt

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Copyright (c) 1991 by Esperanto League for North America, Inc. All rights reserved.

This work may be reproduced only for nonprofit educational or research purposes, and must include this heading. This work may not be reproduced for any other purpose without express written consent from ELNA.

This work is derived from "Esperanto: Learning and Using the International Language" by David Richardson (ISBN 0-945742-00-2), which also contains a history of Esperanto, lessons, and readings. This work uses certain conventions to indicate typographical features of the book:

"{" and "}" indicate text that is in boldface in the original. This work uses "^" for all superscripted letters, placed after the letter. The original, as in this file, uses "/" to indicate the end of a root word. The original, as in this file, uses "~" as a substitute for repeating the root word, or sometimes to indicate a suffix.

Page numbers correspond to the original work. All text from here on is from the original work.

David Wolff, projektestro.


ESPERANTO-ENGLISH

This is a necessarily abridged vocabulary for use with the lessons and readings in this book. The serious student is urged to obtain one of the good Esperanto-English and English-Esperanto dictionaries currently available.

Abbreviations:
{abb.} abbreviation, 			{accus.} accusative,
{anat.} anatomy, 			{arch.} architecture, 
{arith.} arithmetic, 			{conj.} conjunction, 
{correl.} correlative, 			{den.} denoting, 
{elec.} electricity/electronics,	{fin.} finance, 
{intr.} intransitive verb, 		{mech.} mechanics, 
{mil.} military, 			{mus.} music, 
{naut.} nautical, 			{phot.} photography, 
{pol.} politics, 			{pref.} prefix, 
{relig.} religion, 			{suff.} suffix, 
{tech.} technology, 			{tr.} transitive verb.


{abak/o} abacus
{abat/o} abbott
{abdik/i} abdicate, resign
{abel/o} bee, {~ujo} beehive
{abi/o} fir (tree)
{abism/o} abyss, chasm
{abol(ici)/i} abolish
{abomen/i} abhor, loathe, {~aj^o} abomination, {~inda} abominable
{abon/i} subscribe, {~o} subscription
{abort/i} miscarry, {~igi} abort
{abrupt/a} abrupt
{absces/o} abscess
{absolut/a} absolute, {~e} absolutely
{absolv/i} absolve, {~o} absolution
{absorb/i} absorb
{abstin/i} abstain
{absurd/a} absurd
{abund/a} abundant, {mal~a} in short supply, {~i} abound
{acer/o} maple
{acid/a} acid, sour, {~o} acid, {dolc^~a} bittersweet
{-ac^/} (suffix denoting disparagement; see p. 277),
   {~a} no good, "lousy"
{ac^et/i} buy, {~(aj^)o} purchase, {el~i} redeem, ransom, {sub~i} bribe
{-ad/} (suffix denoting continuation; see p. 143) {~e} continually
{adapt/i} adapt (transitive verb.)
{adept/o} adept
{adiau^} farewell
{adici/i} add (arithmetic)
{adjektiv/o} adjective
{administr/i} manage, administer
{admir/i} admire, {~ant(in)o} admirer, {~inda} admirable
{admon/i} admonish, scold, "tell off"
{adopt/i} adopt
{ador/i} adore, worship
{adres/o} address, {~aro} address list
{adult/i} commit adultery
{adverb/o} adverb
{advokat/o} lawyer
{aer/o} air, {~umi} air out, ventilate, {~vojo} airway
{aeroplan/o} airplane
{afabl/a} kind, good-natured, {~eco} kindness
{afer/o} matter, thing, affair, business deal, {~isto} businessman
{afis^/o} poster, sign(board), notice
{aflikt/i} afflict, {~o} affliction
{afrank/i} prepay (letter or package), put on stamp(s)
{Afrik/o} Africa
{ag/i, ~o} act, {~ema} active, {~ado} activity, {re~i} react
{agend/o} agenda, appointment book
{agit/i} agitate, stir up
{agl/o} eagle
{agnosk/i} acknowledge, formally recognize
{agoni/o} death throes, {~i} be near death
{agord/i} tune (transitive verb.)
{agrabl/a} pleasant, agreeable
{agraf/o} hook, clasp
{agres/o} aggression, {~i} commit aggression, {~(em)a} aggressive
{ag^/o} age, {pli~a} older, elder, {plen~a} grown-up, {grand~a} elderly
{ah^!} oh! ow! (dismay)
{aj!} ouch! (pain)
{ajl/o} garlic
{ajn} -ever, -at all (see p. 164)
{-aj^/} (suffix denoting concrete thing; see p. 154), {~o} a thing
{akademi/o} academy
{akapar/i} monopolize, corner
{akcel/i} accelerate, speed (somebody or something) up,
   {~ilo} accelerator
{akcent/o} accent, stress
{akcept/i} accept, receive (guest, etc.)
{akcident/o} accident, {~i} have an accident
{akcipitr/o} hawk
{akir/i} acquire, get, {~ebla} obtainable
{aklam/o, ~i} acclaim
{akn/o} pimple, passing blemish
{akomod/i} accommodate (transitive verb.)
{akompan/i} accompany, {~(aj^)o} accompaniment
{akord/o} chord, accord
{akr/a} sharp, {~atona} sharp-toned, shrill, {~igi} sharpen
{akr(e)/o} acre
{akrid/o} locust
{aks/o} axle, axis
{aksel/o} armpit
{aktiv/a} active, {~o} assets
{aktor/o} actor, {~i} act
{aktual/a} current, present-day
{akupunktur/o} acupuncture
{akurat/a} punctual, on time
{akustik/o} acoustics
{akus^/i} labor (giving birth), {~istino} midwife
{akuz/i} accuse, {~o} accusation
{akv/o} water, {~umi} water, irrigate, {~ero} drop (of water), 
   {fal~o, ~falo} waterfall
{akvari/o} aquarium
{al} to(wards), {~veni} arrive, {~ig^i} join, {~porti} bring, fetch, 
   {~doni} add, {~meti} attach, put onto, {~terig^i} land, 
   {~trudi} impose upon, force, {~proksimigi} bring close together
{alfabet/o} alphabet
{algebr/o} algebra
{ali/a} (an)other, else, {~igi, ~ig^i} change, alter, 
   {~landano} citizen of another country, alien
{alk/o} elk, moose
{alkohol/o} alcohol
{almenau^} at least
{almoz/o} alms, "handout," {~ulo} beggar
{alp/o} alp, mountain pasture, {~ismo} mountaineering
{alt/a} high, tall, {~eco} height, {~statura} lanky, of high stature, 
   {~en} into the heights
{altern/i} alternate, {~a} alternating
{alternativ/o} alternative, option
{alud/i} allude, refer to, {~o} allusion
{alumet/o} match (fire)
{alumini/o} aluminum
{am/i, ~o} love, {~ant(in)o} lover, {mal~i} hate, {~inda} lovable, 
   {~indumi} woo, court, {pac~a} peaceloving
{amar/a} bitter
{amas/o} heap, pile, mass, {hom~o} crowd, {~igi} pile up, 
   {~fabriki} mass produce
{amator/o, ~a} amateur
{Amazon/o} Amazon
{ambasad/o} embassy
{ambasador/o} ambassador
{ambau^} both
{ambici/o} ambition, {~a} ambitious
{Amerik/o} America
{amik/o} friend, {~a} friendly, {~eco} friendship, {mal~o} enemy
{amor/o} sexual love, {~i} make love
{amortiz/i} amortize, deaden, {~ilo} shock absorber
{ampleks/o} extent, dimension, {~a} extensive, ample
{ampol/o} bulb (elec.)
{amput/i} amputate
{amuz/a} amusing, funny, {~i} amuse, {~(ad)o} amusement, fun, 
   {~ig^i} have a good time
{-an/} (suffix denoting citizen, member; see p. 94), 
   {~o} citizen, member, {c^ikag~o} Chicagoan, 
   {uson~o} U.S. citizen, {krist~o, krist~a} Christian
{analfabet/a, ~o} illiterate
{analiz/i} analyze, {~o} analysis
{analog/a} analogous
{ananas/o} pineapple
{anas/o} duck
{anemi/o} anemia, {~a} anemic
{anemon/o} anemone
{angil/o} eel
{angl/o} Englishman, {~a} English, {~e} in English, 
   {~ujo, ~io, ~olando} England, {~ismo} anglicism
{angor/o} anguish, agony
{angul/o} corner, angle
{ang^el/o} angel, {~a} angelic
{anim/o} soul, {grand~a} magnanimous, {unu~a} unanimous, 
   {~i} animate, act as master of ceremonies
{ankau^} also, too, {ankau^ mi} me too
{ankorau^} still, yet, {ankorau^ ne} not yet, {~foje} once more
{ankr/o, ~i} anchor
{Ann/o, ~a} Anne
{anonc/i} announce, advertise, give notice, {~isto} announcer, 
   {~eto} want ad
{anonim/a} anonymous
{ans/o} handle
{anser/o} goose, {~vice} single file
{anstatau^} instead of, {~e} instead, {~i} take the place of, 
   {~igi} substitute, replace
{antau^} before, in front of, {~e} formerly, in front, {~vidi} foresee, 
   {~parolo} foreword, {~g^oji} look forward to, {~tagmeze} a.m., 
   {mal~} behind, {~ ol} before (conj), {~ tri tagoj} 3 days ago
{anten/o} antenna
{anticip/i} anticipate, think or act ahead
{antikv/a} antique, ancient
{Antverpen/o} Antwerp
{apac^/o} apache, ruffian, "hood"
{aparat/o} apparatus, set
{apart/a} apart, separate, special, {~igi} separate
{apartament/o} apartment
{aparten/i} belong
{apati/o} apathy, {~a} apathetic
{apel(aci)/i, ~o} appeal (law, etc.)
{apenau^} just barely, hardly
{apendic/o} appendix, {~ito} appendicitis
{aper/i} appear, be published, {mal~i} disappear, {~o} appearance
{apetit/o} appetite, {bonan ~on} enjoy your meal
{aplau^d/i} applaud, clap
{aplik/i} apply (transitive verb.)
{aplomb/o} aplomb, self-assurance, "nerve"
{apog/i} lean, support, rest against (trans verb.), {~ilo} support, prop
{apostol/o} apostle
{apotek/o} pharmacy, drugstore
{aprec/i, aprez/i} appreciate (as a connoisseur)
{April/o} April
{aprob/i} approve, {~o} approval
{apud} by, beside, {~e} nearby
{-ar/} (suffix denoting collection; see p. 132)
{arab/o} Arab, {~a} Arabic, Arabian, {~e} in Arabic, {~io, ~ujo} Arabia
{arakid/o} peanut
{arane/o} spider, {~aj^o} spiderweb
{arang^/i} arrange, {~o} arrangement
{arb/o} tree, {~aro} forest, woods, {~eto} shrub, bush
{arbust/o} shrub, bush, {~aro} shrubbery
{ard/i} glow with heat, {~a} ardent, {~o} heat, passion
{are/o} area
{arest/i} arrest
{argan/o} crane (mechanics)
{argil/o} clay
{arg^ent/a, ~o} silver
{arh^iv/o = arkivo}
{arkaik/a} archaic, obsolete
{arkitekt/o} architect
{arkiv/o} archives, records, files, {~ejo} record office
{arkt/a} Arctic, {~o} the Arctic
{arleken/o} jester, buffoon
{arm/i} arm (weapons), {~ilo} weapon, {sen~a} unarmed, 
   {sen~igi, sen~ig^i} disarm
{arme/o} army, {mar~o} navy, {flug~o} air force
{arogant/a} arrogant
{art/o} art, {~a} artificial, artistic, {~efarita} artificial
{artifik/o} subterfuge, trick(ery), {~a} contrived, by trickery
{artik/o} joint (anatomy, technology), {el~igi} dislocate
{artikol/o} article
{artis^ok/o} artichoke
{as/o} ace (cards, etc.)
{asert/i} assert
{asfalt/o} asphalt
{asist/i} assist (officially)
{asoci/o} association
{aspekt/i} appear, look, {~o} aspect, appearance
{aspir/i} aspire (to), hope for
{astm/o} asthma
{astr/o} heavenly body, {~onau^to} astronaut, spaceman
{atak/i, ~o} attack, assault
{atenc/i} assault, violate
{atend/i} wait (for), expect, {~ejo} waiting room
{atent/i} pay attention, {~igi} draw attention to, point out, 
   {~on!} attention! look out!
{atest/i} attest, testify, bear witness, {~anto} witness, 
   {~o} testimony, certificate
{ating/i} attain, reach
{atlet/o} athlete, {~a} athletic, {~ismo} athletics
{atm = antau^tagmeze,} a.m.
{atmosfer/o} atmosphere
{atom/o} atom, {~a} atomic, {~bombo} atom bomb
{atut/o, ~i} trump (cards, etc.)
{au^} or, {au^... au^... } either... or...
{au^d/i} hear, {~antaro} audience, {~ig^i} be heard, 
   {au^d-vida} audio-visual, {dis~igi} broadcast
{au^dac/i} dare, {~a} daring
{Au^gust/o} August
{au^kci/o} auction
{au^roro} aurora, dawn
{au^skult/i} listen, {~ilo} earphone
{au^str/o} Austrian, {~ujo/io} Austria
{Au^strali/o} Australia, {~ano} Australian
{au^t(omobil)/o} car, {~vojo} freeway, expressway
{au^tobus/o} bus, {~haltejo} bus stop
{au^tomat/a} automatic, {~igi} automate
{au^tor/o} author
{au^toritat/o} authority, {~a} authoritative
{au^tun/o} autumn
{av/o} grandfather, {~ino} grandmother, {pra~o} great-grandfather
{avantag^/o} advantage
{avar/a} miserly, stingy, {mal~a} generous
{aventur/o} adventure
{avenu/o} avenue
{avert/i} warn, caution, {~o} warning
{aviad/o} aviation, {~ilo} aircraft
{avid/a} eager for, greedy, {~i} covet
{aviz/i} notify, advise, {~o} notification
{azen/o} donkey
{Azi/o} Asia, {~a} Asian, Asiatic, {Mez~o} Central Asia
{azil/o} asylum, sanctuary

{ba!} "nuts!"
{babil/i} chatter, "shoot the breeze"
{babord/o} port side (nautical)
{bagatel/a} trifling, insignificant
{bak/i} bake, {~aj^o} baked goods, {~ejo} bakery
{bal/o} dance, ball
{bala/i} sweep, {~ilo} broom
{balanc/i} rock, swing (see p. 214)
{balast/o} ballast
{balbut/i} stammer, stutter
{baldau^} soon
{Baldearaj Insuloj} Balearic Islands
{baled/o} ballet
{balen/o} whale
{balkon/o} balcony
{balon/o} balloon
{ban/o} bath, {~i} bathe (transitive verb.), {~c^ambro} bathroom, 
   {~kostumo} bathing suit, {~urbo} spa
{banal/a} trite, commonplace
{banan/o} banana
{band/o} band, gang
{bandag^/o} bandage
{banderol/o} wrapper (for mailing, etc.)
{bangal/o} bungalow
{bang^/o} banjo
{banjan/o} banyan (tree)
{bank/o} bank, {~noto, ~bileto} bank note, paper money
{banked/o} banquet, {~c^ambro} banquet room
{bankrot/i} go broke, be bankrupt
{bapt/i} baptize, christen, {~opatro} godfather
{bar/i} bar, obstruct, {~ilo} fence, barrier, {~ilpordo} gate
{barak/o} barrack, shanty, shack
{barakt/i} writhe, flounder, move convulsively
{barb/o} beard, {~isto} barber
{barbar/o} barbarian, {~a} barbarianic
{barbiro = barbisto}
{Barbr/o, ~a} Barbara
{barc^/o} borscht (soup)
{barel/o} barrel
{baston/o} stick, cane, baton, {lam~o} crutch
{bat/i} hit, beat, {~o} a blow
{batal/o, ~i} battle
{baz/o} base, basis, {~i} base (transitive verb.)
{bazar/o} bazaar, fair, street market
{beb/o} baby
{bedau^r/i} regret, be sorry about, {~inde} unfortunately, regrettably
{bek/o} beak, bill
{bel/a} pretty, fine, good-looking, {~ega} exquisite, gorgeous, 
   {~sona} pretty-sounding
{belg/o, ~a} Belgian, {~ujo, ~io} Belgium
{bemol/o} flat (music)
{ben/i} bless, {~o} blessing, {mal~i} curse
{bend/o} tape (recording, adhesive, etc.), strip, binding, 
   {~i} tape (transitive verb.)
{benk/o} bench
{benzin/o} gasoline, {~ujo} gas tank
{ber/o} berry
{best/o} animal, beast
{bet/o} beet
{betul/o} birch (tree)
{bezon/i} need, require
{Bibli/o} Bible
{bibliotek/o} library
{bicikl/o} bicycle
{bien/o} estate, farm, property, ranch, {~isto} rancher, farmer
{bier/o} beer
{bifstek/o} (beef)steak
{bikin/o} bikini
{bilard/o} billiards
{bild/o} picture
{bilet/o} ticket, bill, note
{bind/i} bind (books)
{binokl/o} binoculars
{bird/o} bird
{bis!} encore! one more time!
{bizar/a} bizarre, odd, weird
{blag/i} kid, pull someone's leg, {~o} sly joke
{blank/a} white, blank
{blanket/o} blank check, carte blanche
{blasfem/i} cuss, blaspheme
{blek/i} bleat, bellow, neigh, etc. (general word for animal cries)
{blind/a} blind, {~ulo} sightless person, {~umi} dazzle
{blok/i} block, {~o} block, pad (paper)
{blond/a} blond, fair, {~ul(in)o} a blond
{blov/i blow, {~instrumento} wind instrument
{blu/a} blue
{bo/} (prefix denoting relation by marriage; see p. 193)
{boa/o} boa (snake)
{boat/o} boat
{bobel/o, ~i} bubble
{boben/o} bobbin, spool, coil
{boj/i} bark
{boks/i} box, {~o} boxing
{bol/i} boil (intransitive verb.), {~eti} simmer
{Bolivi/o} Bolivia
{bols^evik/o, bols^evist/o} Bolshevik
{bomb/o, ~i} bomb
{bombon/o} bonbon, piece of candy
{bon/a} good, nice, {~e} well, OK, {~ega} excellent, 
   {~ulo} nice guy, {~eco} goodness, {~volu, ~vole} please, 
   {~venon} welcome, {~s^ancon} good luck, 
   {~deziroj} good wishes, {pli~igi} improve, {mal~a} bad
{bor/i} bore, drill
{bord/o} bank (of river), shore, edge
{bors/o} stock exchange
{bot/o} boot
{botel/o} bottle, {en~igi} to bottle
{bov/o} bovine animal: ox, cow, etc., {~aj^o} beef, {~ido} calf
{brajl/o} Braille
{brak/o} arm, {~umi} embrace, {~seg^o} armchair
{branc^/o} branch, bough, {~eto} twig
{brand/o} brandy
{brankard/o} stretcher
{brasik/o} cabbage
{brav/a} gallant, worthy, {~e!} bravo!
{Brazil/o} Brazil
{brec^/o} breach, gap
{brems/o} brakes, {~i} brake
{bret/o} shelf, {~aro} set of shelves, cabinet
{brid/o, ~i} bridle, restrain(t), check
{brik/o, ~a} brick, {~eto} bar (candy etc.)
{bril/i} shine (intransitive verb.), {~a} bright, brilliant, {ek~i} flash
{brit/a} British, {~ujo/io} Britain
{brod/i} embroider
{brog/i} scald
{brokant/a} secondhand, {~i} deal in secondhand goods, 
   {~isto} secondhand dealer
{bronz/o, ~a} bronze
{bros/o, ~i} brush
{bros^ur/o} paperback booklet, pamphlet, leaflet, {~(it)a} paperbacked
{brov/o} (eye)brow
{bru/o} noise, {~i} make a noise, {~a} noisy
{brul/i} burn (intransitive verb.), {~aj^o} fuel, {~ema} flammable
{brun/a} brown, {~hara} brunette, {~okula} browneyed
{brust/o} chest, breast
{brut/o} head of cattle, {~aro} livestock
{bub/o} kid, brat, urchin; jack (cards)
{buc^/i} butcher, slaughter, {~isto} butcher
{bud/o} booth, stall
{budg^et/o, bug^et/o} budget
{buf/o} toad
{bufed/o} buffet
{buk/o, ~i} buckle
{buked/o} bouquet
{bukl/o, ~i} curl (hair)
{bul/o} lump, clod, chunk
{buldoz/o} bulldozer
{bulk/o} roll (bread)
{bulten/o} bulletin
{bulvard/o} boulevard
{bunkr/o} bunker, shelter (military)
{bunt/a} multicolored
{burd/o} bumblebee
{burg^/a} middleclass, {~o} middleclass citizen, 
   {et~a} lower middleclass, {~aro} bourgeoisie
{burg^on/o, ~i} bud
{bus/o} bus
{bus^o} mouth, {~a} oral, {~umi} muzzle, {~tuko} napkin
{buter/o} butter, {~pano} bread and butter
{butik/o} boutique, shop, store, {~umi} go shopping
{buton/o} button, {~(um)i} button (transitive verb.)

{car/o} czar
{ced/i} give way, yield, give up
{cedr/o} cedar
{cel/o} aim, goal, purpose, {~i} aim (gun, etc.), intend,
   {~ilo} (gun)sight
{celebr/i} celebrate
{cend/o} cent
{cent} hundred, {~milo} 100,000, {jar~o} century, centennial
{centr/o} center, {~a} central
{central/o} power station; telephone or telegraph exchange,
   "nerve center"
{cenzur/i, ~o} censor
{cep/o} onion
{cerb/o} brain, {~umi} puzzle over, rack one's brains
{ceremoni/o} ceremony
{cert/a} certain, {~e} certainly, {~igi} make certain, certify, 
   {~(a)grade} to a certain degree
{cerv/o} deer
{ceter/a} rest of, additional, remaining, 
   {~e} besides, moreover, what's more, {~o} remainder
{ci} thou (see p. 302)
{cibernetik/o} cybernetics
{cic/o} nipple (human), {~umo} nipple (artificial)
{cidr/o} cider
{cifer/o} numeral, digit, {~plato} dial, {rond~e} in round numbers
{cigan/o, ~a} Gypsy
{cigar/o} cigar, {~eto} cigarillo
{cigared/o} cigarette
{cign/o} swan
{cikatr/o} scar
{cikl/o} cycle
{cikoni/o} stork
{cilindr/o} cylinder; roller (printing press, etc.)
{cim/o} bug; bedbug
{cindr/o} ash, cinder, {~ujo} ashtray, {~igi} incinerate
{cinik/a} cynical
{cir/o, ~i} wax, polish
{cirk/o} circus
{cirkl/o} circle
{cirkonstanc/o} circumstance
{cirkul/i} circulate (intransitive verb.), {~ado} circulation; traffic
{cirkumcid/i} circumcise
{cirkvit/o} circuit (electricity/electronics)
{cit/i} cite, quote, {~aj^o} quotation
{citron/o} lemon
{civil/a} civilian, non-military
{civiliz/i} civilize, {~(ad)o} civilization
{civit/a} civic, {~o} incorporated town; city-state, {~ano} citizen
{col/o} inch

{c^agren/i} annoy, grieve (transitive verb.), 
   {~o} annoyance, grief, disappointment
{c^am/o} chamois (European mountain antelope)
{c^ambr/o} room, chamber, {~aro} apartments
{c^ampan/o} champagne
{c^ampion/o} champion
{c^an/o} trigger
{c^ap/o} cap
{c^apel/o} hat
{c^apitr/o} chapter (book, etc.)
{c^ar} because, since, for
{c^ar/o} cart, chariot, {~eto} carriage (typewriter), {~umo} wheelbarrow
{c^arlatan/o} charlatan, quack, imposter
{c^arm/o, ~i} charm, {~a} charming
{c^arpent/i} build from wood, {~isto} carpenter
{c^as/i} hunt, chase, {~isto} hunter
{c^e} at, with, {~esti} be present, attend
{c^ef/a} chief, main, {~o} "boss," {~urbo} capital city, 
   {~ministro} prime minister
{c^eh^(oslovaki)/a, ~o} Czech(oslovakian)
{c^ek/o} check (bank)
{c^el/o} cell
{c^emiz/o} shirt
{c^en/o} chain, {~ero} link
{c^eriz/o} cherry
{c^erk/o} coffin
{c^erp/i} draw (from a source--water, etc.), 
   {el~ita} exhausted, used up; out of print
{c^es/i} cease, stop (intransitive verb.)
{c^eval/o} horse, {~ejo} stable
{c^i} (denoting nearness; see p. 127) {~kune} herewith, 
   {~momente} at this moment
{c^i/} (forms correlative; see p. 127)
{c^iel/o} sky, heaven, {~(glor)a} heavenly, {~arko} rainbow
{c^if/i} crumple (transitive verb.), crease
{c^ifon/o} rag, scrap, {~isto} ragpicker
{c^ifr/o} secret code, {en~i} encipher, {de~i} decipher
{C^ikag/o} Chicago, {~ano} Chicagan
{c^ikan/i} quibble about, carp at; haze
{C^ili/o} Chile
{c^in/o, ~a} Chinese, {~ujo, ~io} China
{c^irkau^} around, about, {~i} surround, {~e} roundabout, 
   {~aj^oj} surroundings, {~preni} embrace, hug
{c^iz/i} chisel, carve, {~ilo} chisel, graving tool
{-c^j/} (suffix used with names; see p. 168)
{c^okolad/o, ~a} chocolate
{c^u} whether; makes a question (see p. 174) {C^u ne?} Isn't that so?

{da} of (with expressions of quantity; see p. 123)
{dafn/o} daphne
{daktil/o} date (fruit)
{dam/o} dame (notable lady), queen (cards, chess), 
   king (checkers), {~oj, ~ludo} checkers
{damag^i, ~o} damage
{damn/i} damn, {~e} damn!
{dan/o} Dane, {~a} Danish, {~ujo, ~io, ~lando} Denmark
{danc/i, ~o} dance, {~ist(in)o,} dancer
{dand/o} dandy, fop, dude
{dang^er/o} danger, {~a} dangerous
{dank/i} thank, {~on} thanks, {~' al} thanks to, 
   {~(em)a} thankful, {ne~inde} don't mention it, you're welcome
{dat/o} date (time), {~i} date (letter, etc.), {~reveno} anniversary
{dau^r/i} endure, last, continue on (intransitive verb.), 
   {~e} continuously, {~a} lasting, {~igi} continue (trans. verb.), 
   {~igota} to be continued, {mallong~a} short-lived
{de} of, from, by (see p. 293), {~longe} for a long time now, 
   {~post} since, {~meti} put/take off, 
   {~preni} take away, deduct, {~nove} (all over) again, 
   {~veni} originate, come from
{dec/a} fitting, proper, {~e} decently, properly, {~i} be fitting
{Decembr/o} December
{decid/i} decide, {~o} decision, {~ig^i} make up one's mind, 
   {~(ig)a} decisive
{dedic^/i} dedicate, devote
{defend/i} defend, {(sin)~o} defense
{defi/o, ~i} challenge
{definitiv/a} definite, definitive, {~e} definitely, positively
{degel/i} thaw, melt (intransitive verb.), {~(ig^)o} thaw, melting
{dej^or/i} be on duty
{dek} ten, {~a, ~ono} tenth, {~ope} by tens
{dekan/o} dean (college, etc.)
{deklam/i} recite (poetry, etc.), declaim
{deklar/i} declare, state, {~o} declaration, statement
{deklar(aci)/o} declaration, proclamation
{dekliv/o} slope, hillside
{dekor/i} decorate
{dekor(aci)/o} decor, decoration
{dekret/o, ~i} decree
{dekstr/a} right(hand), {~en} to the right, {mal~a} left, 
   {~ulo} right-hander, {~ume} clockwise
{deleg/i} to delegate, {~ito} a delegate
{delegaci/o} delegation
{delikat/a} delicate, fine, dainty, {mal~a} coarse, crude
{delir/i} be delirious, {~o} delirium
{demand/i} ask (question), {pri~i} interrogate
{demisi/i} resign (an office)
{demokrat/o} democrat, {~a} democratic
{demokrati/o} democracy
{demon/o} demon, {~a} demonic
{demonstr(aci)/i} demonstrate, {~o} demonstration
{dens/a} dense, thick, concentrated
{dent/o} tooth, {~a} dental, {~isto} dentist, {~rado} cogwheel, gear
{departement/o} department (gov't, etc.)
{depend/i = de/pendi} depend
{deprim/i} depress, {~o} depression
{depost = de/post} (ever) since
{des} (see {ju}), {des pli} all the more
{desegn/i} draw, design, {~(aj^)o} drawing, design
{desert/o} dessert
{destin/i} destine, ordain, earmark, {~o} (usually with
   {la}) fate, destiny
{detal/o} detail, {~e} in detail, retail, {(po)~isto} retailer
{detektiv/o} detective
{determin/i} determine, fix
{detru/i} destroy, {~(ad)o} destruction
{dev/o} a duty, {~i} have to, must, {~igi} compel, {~iga} compulsory
{deviz/o} watchword, motto, slogan; foreign exchange, 
   draft on foreign bank
{dezert/o} desert
{dezir/o, ~i} desire, wish, want
{Di/o} God, {~a} divine, {~servo} worship service
{diabl/o} devil, {~a} devilish, diabolical, {~e!} darn! the dickens!
{diafilm/o} film strip
{diakon/o} deacon
{dialekt/o} dialect
{dialog/o} dialog
{diamant/o} diamond
{diboc^/i} live or act dissolutely, {~o} loose living, dissipation, 
   debauchery, {~igi} corrupt
{dies/o, ~a} sharp (music)
{diet/o} diet, {~a} dietary
{difekt/i} spoil, damage, injure
{diferenc/i} differ, be different, {~o} difference, {~igi} differentiate
{difin/i} define, {~o} definition, {~ita} definite
{dig/o} dike, embankment, {~i} dam up, form an embankment
{dign/o} dignity, {~a} dignified
{dik/a} thick; corpulent; bold (type), {~eco} thickness, 
   {mal~a} thin, {~fingro} thumb
{dikt/i} dictate
{diktator/o} dictator
{diktatur/o} dictatorship
{dilem/o} dilemma
{diletant/o} dilettante, dabbler
{diligent/a} diligent, hardworking
{diluv/o} flood, deluge, {antau^~a} antediluvian; very ancient
{dimanc^/o} Sunday
{diplom/o} diploma, {~ito} a graduate, {~ig^i} graduate, 
   {~ita} certificated
{diplomat/o} diplomat
{dir/i} say, tell, {antau^~i} foretell, {kontrau^~i} contradict, 
   {lau^~e} allegedly, so-called, {oni~o} rumor
{direkt/i} direct, manage, steer, {~ilo} rudder, helm, handlebars, 
   {~o} direction
{direktor/o} director, manager
{dis/} (prefix denoting dispersal or separation; see p. 179) 
   {~igi} separate, divide
{disciplin/o} discipline
{disc^ipl/o} disciple
{disk/o} disc, (phonograph) record, (telephone) dial, 
   {~i} dial (on telephone)
{diskut/i} discuss, {~(ad)o} discussion
{dispon/i (pri)} have at one's disposal, have available to 
   use or dispose of, {~o} disposition, {~igi} make available
{disput/i} dispute, argue
{distanc/o} distance
{disting/i} distinguish, {~a} distinctive, {~o} renown, distinction
{distr/i} distract, divert, entertain, {~ita} distracted, absent-minded
{distribu/i} distribute
{distrikt/o} district
{divan/o} divan, couch
{diven/i} guess right, find out by guessing
{divers/a} varied, various
{divid/i} divide, separate; share
{divizi/o} division (military)
{do} so, then, therefore
{dogan/o} customs, duty (at border), {~ejo} customshouse
{dogm/o} dogma
{dok/o} dock
{doktor/o} doctor (title)
{dokument/o} document
{dolar/o} dollar
{dolc^/a} sweet; gentle, soft, tender, {~aj^o} candy, 
   {~ul(in)o} sweetheart, {~e!} take it easy!
{dolor/o} pain, {~i} be painful, hurt (intransitive verb.), 
   {~igi} hurt (transitive verb.); N.B. {La dorso doloras al mi,}
   or {La dorso doloras min,} My back is hurting me; but 
   {Mi dolorigis la dorson,} I've hurt my back.
{dom/o} house, building, {~eto} cottage, {~ego} mansion
{domag^/i} begrudge or regret; wish to spare (some misfortune, 
   expense, etc.), {~o} a pity, {~e} what a pity, that's too bad
{don/i} give, {el~i} publish, issue, {re~i} give back, return, 
   {al~i} add, {dis~i} distribute, deal (cards), 
   {sin~(em)a} devoted, selfless
{donac/i} give (present), {~o} gift, present, {~e} as a gift, gratis
{Donjuan/o, donj^uan/o} a Don Juan, woman-chaser
{dorlot/i} pamper, pet, coddle
{dorm/i, ~o} sleep, {~ema} sleepy, {~igi} put to sleep, 
   {en~ig^i} go to sleep, {~eti} nap
{dorn/o} thorn
{dors/o} back
{dot/o} dowry, {~i} endow
{doz/o} dose, {~i} measure out (medicine, etc.)
{drak/o} dragon
{dram/o} drama
{drap/o} (woolen) cloth
{drapir/o} drape(ry), cloth covering (window, bed, etc.), {~i} drape
{drast/a} drastic
{dras^/i} thresh
{drat/o} wire, {pik~o} barbed wire
{dres/i} tame, train (animals)
{drink/i} drink (to excess), {~aj^o} "booze," 
   {~(em)ulo} a boozer, alcoholic
{driv/i} drift
{drog/o} drug
{dron/i} drown (intransitive verb.), {~igi} drown (transitive verb.)
{du} two, {~a} second, {~ono} half, {~ope} by twos, 
   {~obla, ~obligi} double
{dub/i, ~o} doubt, {~inda} doubtful, {sen~e} no doubt
{duk/o} duke
{dum} during, while, {~e} meanwhile, in the meantime
{dung/i} hire, employ, {mal~i} fire, {~ito} employee
{dus^/o} shower, {~ejo} showerstall, {~ilo} showerhead, 
   {sin~i} take a shower

{eben/a} level, even, smooth, {~aj^o} plain
{ebl/a} possible, {~(ec)o} possibility, {~i} be possible, 
   {~e} maybe (also as suffix; see p. 154), 
   {Kiel eble plej baldau^} As soon as possible
{ebri/a} drunk, {~o} drunkenness, {~ulo} a drunk, {~ig^i} get drunk
{-ec/} (suffix denoting a quality; see p. 186), {~o} a quality
{ec^} even
{edelvejs/o} edelweiss
{eduk/i} educate, bring up
{edz/o} husband, {~ino} wife, {~(in)ig^i} get married, 
   {eks~ig^i} get divorced, {ge~oj} married people, a couple
{efekt/o} effect, impression produced
{efektiv/a} actual, real, {~e} in fact, actually, {~igi} bring about, 
   {~ig^i} come to pass, come true
{efik/i} have effect, be effective, {~o} effect
{-eg/} (suffix denoting augmentation; see p. 104) {~e} extremely
{egal/a, ~i} equal, {~e} equally, all the same; it doesn't matter, 
   {~eco} equality; a draw (tied score)
{eh^/o} echo
{-ej/} (suffix denoting place; see p. 82) {~o} place
{ek/} (prefix denoting moment of beginning; see pp. 92, 211) 
   {ek!} away we go, let's start! {~de} since, beginning as of
{ekip/i} equip, {~(aj^)o} equipment
{eklezi/a} ecclesiastic, {~o} church (institution, not building)
{ekonomi/o} economy
{ekonomik/o} economics, {~a} economical
{ekran/o} screen
{eks/} (prefix denoting former, ex-; see p. 220) {~ig^i} resign, 
   {~igi} fire, discharge
{ekscit/i} excite, {~a} exciting, {~o} excitation, excitement
{eksklud/i} exclude
{ekskluziv/a} exclusive
{ekskurs/o} excursion, sightseeing trip, outing
{eksped/i} dispatch, ship, send off
{ekspedici/o} expedition
{eksperiment/o, ~i} experiment, {~a} experimental
{ekspert/o} expert, specialist
{eksplod/i} explode (intransitive verb.), {~o} explosion, 
   {~motoro} internal combustion engine, {~ilo} explosive device, 
   {~aj^o} explosive, {~igi} blow up (transitive verb.)
{ekspluat/i} exploit, utilize
{ekspon/i} exhibit, demonstrate; expose (photography)
{eksport/i} export
{ekspres/o} express (train, messenger)
{ekstaz/o} ecstasy, {~a} ecstatic
{ekster} outside of, {~a} outer, external, {~(aj^)o} exterior, 
   {~e} outside, {~lando, ~lande} abroad, {~ordinara} extraordinary
{ekstravaganc/a} extravagant, high-flown
{ekstrem/a} extreme
{ekvator/o} equator
{ekvilibr/o} equilibrium, balance
{ekvivalent/o, ~a} equivalent
{ekz.} abbreviation for {ekzemple}
{ekzamen/i} examine, {~o} examination, test
{ekzekut/i} execute (criminal)
{ekzempl/o} example, {~e} for example
{ekzempler/o} copy (of book, etc.)
{ekzerc/i, ~o} exercise, {sin ~i} practice
{ekzist/i} exist, {~o} existence
{ekzotik/a} exotic
{el} out of, from (also as prefix; see p. 253), {~iri} exit, go out, 
   {~uzi} use up, wear out, {~paroli} pronounce, 
   {~lerni} master (learn completely)
{elast/a} elastic
{elegant/a} elegant, {mal~a} coarse, crude
{elekt/i} choose, elect, pick out, {~o} choice, election
{elektr/a} electric, {~o} electricity
{elektron/o} electron
{elektronik/a} electronic, {~o} electronics
{element/o} element, {~a} elementary, elemental
{elimin/i} eliminate
{elizi/i} elide, {~o} elision
{elokvent/a} eloquent
{-em/} (suffix denoting inclination; see p. 197) {~i} have a tendency to
{embaras/o} embarrassment, perplexity, difficult situation, 
   {~i} embarrass, put in a "difficult spot"
{embusk/o, ~i} ambush
{emerit/a} retired, {~o} retired person
{emfaz/o} emphasis, {~a} emphatic, {~i} emphasize
{eminent/a} eminent
{emoci/o} emotion, {~i} move, stir emotionally
{en} in, into, {~iri} enter, go in, {~landa} domestic, 
   {~havi} contain, include, {~havo} contents, {~ig^i} get in, 
   {~igi} insert, {~migri} immigrate
{enciklopedi/o} encyclopedia
{-end/} (suffix denoting compulsion; see p. 245) 
   {far~aj^oj} things that need to be done
{energi/o} energy, {~a} energetic
{enigm/o} enigma, puzzle, riddle
{enket/o} inquiry, investigation, {~i} investigate
{entrepren/i} undertake, take it upon oneself to do, 
   {~o} enterprise, {~ema} enterprising
{entuziasm/o} enthusiasm, {~a} enthusiastic
{enu/i} be bored, be tired (of something), {~ig^i} get bored, 
   {~(ig)a} boring
{envi/i, ~o} envy, {~a} envious
{episkop/o} bishop, {~a} episcopal
{epizod/o} episode
{epok/o} epoch, era, age
{epope/o} epic poem, {~a} epic
{-er/} (suffix denoting single element; see p. 154) 
   {~o} item, particle, element {dis~igi} disintegrate
{erar/i} err, make a mistake, {~o} error
{erik/o} heather, {~ejo} heath
{ermit/o} hermit
{erotik/a} erotic
{escept/i} except, exclude, {~o} exception, {~e de} with the 
   exception of
{esenc/o} essence, {~a} essential
{eskal/o} ladder, {~i} scale (walls, etc.)
{eskalator/o} escalator
{eskap/i, ~o} escape
{eskort/i, ~o} escort
{esper/i, ~o} hope, {~anto} Esperanto, {~eble} hopefully, {mal~i} despair
{esplor/i} explore, investigate, research, {~(ad)o} exploration, etc.
{esprim/i} express, {~o} expression
{est/as} am, is, are, {~i} to be, {kio ~as?} what's wrong?, 
   {~onta, ~ont(ec)o} future, {for~o} absence
{establ/i} establish, {~o} establishment
{estim/i} esteem, think well of, {~ata Sinjoro} Dear Sir, 
   {mal~i} despise, {mal~o} contempt
{esting/i} extinguish, put out (light, fire, etc.)
{-estr/} (suffix denoting chief person; see p. 212) 
   {~o} leader, chief, "boss," {~i} head up, {~aro} board of directors
{estrad/o} platform, stage
{es^afod/o} scaffold (for executions)
{-et/} (suffix denoting diminution; see p. 104) {~a} tiny
{etag^/o} story, floor, {tri~a} 3-storied, {ter~o} ground floor
{etap/o} stage in a process or trip
{etend/i} extend, stretch out (transitive verb.)
{etern/a} eternal, {~(ec)o} eternality, {La Eternulo} The Lord
{etik/o} ethic(s), {~a} ethical
{etiked/o} label
{etiket/o} etiquette
{etos/o} atmosphere, mood (of a place, etc.)
{Eu^rop/o} Europe, {~a} European
{evaku/i} evacuate (transitive verb.)
{evangeli/o} gospel, {~a} evangelical
{event/o} event
{eventual/o} eventuality, contingency, {~e} if the occasion 
   arises, "if and when," {~a} contingent, possible under certain 
   circumstances, "if any"
{evident/a} obvious, evident
{evit/i} avoid, evade
{evolu/i} evolve, develop (intransitive verb.), {~(ad)o} evolution, 
   {~lando} developing nation

{fab/o} bean
{fabel/o} story, (fairy)tale
{fabrik/o} factory, {~i} manufacture, fabricate
{facil/a} easy, {~igi} facilitate, {~anima} impulsive, flighty
{faden/o} thread
{fajf/i} whistle
{fag/o} beech
{fajr/o} fire, {~ero} spark, {~ilo} lighter, {~aj^o} fireworks, 
   {~ujo} ~box, {donu al mi ~on} give me a light
{fak/o} compartment, pigeonhole, department, speciality, 
   {~ulo} specialist, expert, {~aro} files (cabinet, etc.)
{fakt/o} fact, {~a} factual, {~e} in fact
{faktur/o, ~i} invoice
{fakultat/o} faculty (university, etc.)
{fal/i} fall (down), drop (intransitive verb.), 
   {~igi} drop (transitive verb.), {~eti} stumble
{falc^/i} mow, cut (hay, etc.), {~ilo} scythe
{fals/a} false, {~igi} falsify, {~aj^o} counterfeit
{fam/o} fame, repute; hearsay, {~a} famous, {bon~a} of good repute
{famili/o} family
{fanatik/a} fanatical
{fand/i} melt (transitive verb.)
{fanfar/o} fanfare, flourish
{fanfaron/i} brag
{fantazi/o} fantasy, {~a} fantastic, of fantasy
{fantom/o} ghost, phantom, {~i} haunt
{far/i} make, do, {~o} deed, {~ig^i} be(come)(made); 
   (for {far, far', fare de} see p. 293)
{farb/i, ~o} paint (house, etc.)
{farc^/i} stuff (cooking), {~o} stuffing
{farm/i, ~o} farm, {~igi} farm out, 
   {~isto} farmer (properly refers to working land for another)
{fart/i} fare, {kiel vi ~as?} how are you? {bon~o} well-being
{farun/o} flour, meal, {~aj^o} pastry; bakery item 
   (any food made from flour)
{fasad/o} facade, "front"
{fascin/i} fascinate, {~a} fascinating
{fask/o} bundle, sheaf
{fatal/o} (ill) fate, {~a} ill-fated
{fau^k/o} jaws, maw, {~i} gape, yawn
{favor/o, ~i} favor, {~a} favorable, advantageous, {~ata} favorite
{faz/o} phase
{fe(in)/o, ~a} fairy
{febr/o} fever, {~a} feverish, {~i} have a fever
{Februar/o} February
{federaci/o} federation
{federal/a} federal
{fek/i} defecate, {~(aj^)o} excrement, dung
{fekund/a} fertile
{fel/o} fur, hide, skin (animal)
{felic^/a} happy, {~(ec)o} happyness
{femur/o} thigh
{fend/i} split (transitive verb.), {~(aj^)o} crack, crevice
{fenestr/o} window, {~umo} shutter
{fenomen/o} phenomenon, {~a} phenomenal
{fer/o, ~a} iron, {~vojo} railway
{ferdek/o} deck (ship, etc.)
{feri/o} holiday, {la ~oj} vacation
{ferm/i} close (transitive verb.), {~ig^i} close (intransitive verb.), 
   {mal~i} open
{ferment/i} ferment, {~ilo} yeast, leaven, {~aj^o} "starter" dough
{feroc/a} fierce
{fervor/o} zeal, fervor, {~a} zealous, {~i} be zealous
{fest/i} celebrate, {~o} celebration, party
{festen/o} banquet, feast
{feu^d/o} fief, {~a} feudal, {~ulo} vassal
{fi!} shame! {~rakonto} dirty story, {~fama} of ill repute (see p. 277)
{fianc^(in)/o} fiance(e)
{fiask/o} fiasco, failure, {~i} fail
{fibol/o} safety pin
{fibr/o} fiber
{fid/o} faith, trust, {~i (je)} have faith (in), rely on, 
   {~inda} trustworthy, reliable, {mem~a} confident, self-assured
{fidel/a} faithful
{fier/a} proud, {~o} pride, {~i (pri)} be proud (of)
{figur/o} figure; representation, image, diagram, {~i} represent, 
   depict, {~a} figurative, {~anto} extra (performer in a play, etc.)
{fikci/o} fiction, {~a} fictional, fictitious
{fiks/i} make fast, attach, determine, fix (incl. photography),
   {~a} fixed
{fil/o} son, {~ino} daughter
{filatel(i)/o} philately (stamp-collecting)
{fili/o} branch, affiliate, {~igi, ig^i} affiliate
{filik/o} fern
{film/o} film
{filozof/o} philosopher, {~i} philosophize, {~io} philosophy
{filtr/i, ~ilo} filter
{fin/i} finish, end (transitive verb.), {~o} end, {~aj^o} ending, 
   {~a} final, {~e} finally, at last, {fin~fine} at long last, 
   {~ig^i} end up, come to the end, {~stacio} end-of-the-line
{financ/o, ~i} finance, {~a} financial
{fingr/o} finger, {dik~o} thumb, {pied~o} toe, {~ingo} thimble, 
   {~umi} finger, handle
{finn/o} Finn, {~a} ~ish, {~ujo, ~io, ~lando} Finland
{firm/a} firm, stable, {~(a)o} a firm (commercial business)
{fis^/o, ~i} fish, {~kapti} go ~ing
{fizik/o} physics, {~a} physical
{fizionomi/o} physiognomy (face)
{fjord/o} fjord, inlet
{flag/o} flag, banner
{flagr/i} flare (up), {ek~i} burst into flames, {~eti} flicker
{flam/o, ~i} flame, {~kapa} hot-headed
{flan/o} any flat, thin pastry (pancake, etc.)
{flanel/o, ~a} flannel
{flank/o} side, {~a} side, incidental, {~en} to the side, 
   {~e(n) de} alongside, {de~ig^i} go astray, get off the 
   subject, {~okupo} sideline, {unu~a} unilateral
{flar/i} smell (with nose)
{flat/i} flatter, {~(ad)o} ~y
{flav/a, ~o} yellow
{fleg/i} nurse, tend to, {~ist(in)o} nurse
{flegm/o} phlegm; indifference, {~a} passive, stolid, indifferent
{fleks/i} bend (transitive verb.), {~ebla} flexible
{flik/i} patch (up), mend, {~aj^o} patch
{flirt/i} flutter, flit; flirt
{flor/o, ~i} flower, bloom, {ek~i} come into bloom
{flos/o} raft, {~i} float
{flu/i} flow, {~o} current, stream, {~a} fluent, {~aj^o} fluid, 
   {~linia} streamlined, {super~a} overflowing; superfluous
{flug/i} fly, {~o} flight, {~ilo} wing, {~haveno} airport, 
   {~mas^ino} aircraft, {~folio} flier (leaflet)
{fluid/a, ~(aj^)o} liquid
{flus/o, ~a} flood (tide), {mal~a, mal~o} ebb
{flustr/i, ~o} whisper
{foir/o} fair (market)
{foj/o} time, occasion, {~a} occasional, {~e} on occasion, once, 
   sometimes, {unu~e} on one occasion, one time, 
   {unua~e} for the first time, {kelk~e} several times
{fojn/o} hay, {~amaso} ~stack
{fok/o} seal (animal)
{fokus/o} focus
{foli/o} leaf, sheet (paper), {~aro} foliage, {~umi} leaf through
{folklor/o} folklore
{fon/o} background
{fond/i} found, establish, {~aj^o} foundation
{fondus/o} fund
{fonetik/a} phonetic, {~o} ~s
{fonograf/o} cylinder phonograph
{font/o} source, spring, {~i} spring, well up, {~oplumo} fountain pen
{fontan/o} fountain
{for} away, {~a} distant, {~igi} remove, get rid of, {~iri} go away, 
   {~preni} take away, {~lasi} leave, abandon, {~mang^i} eat up, 
   {~esti} be absent, {~permeso} furlough, leave
{forges/i} forget
{fork/o} fork
{form/o, ~i} form, shape, {re~i} reform, {ali~igi, trans~i} transform, 
   {unu~a} uniform
{formal/a} formal
{formik/o} ant, {~i} feel "pins and needles"
{formul/o} formula, {~i} formulate, {~aro} blank, form (to be filled in)
{forn/o} stove, oven, furnace, kiln
{fort/a} strong, {~(ec)o} strength, force, {(pli)~igi} fortify, 
   {super~i} prevail over, {per~i} violate, {per~o} violence, 
   {~ostrec^o} exertion
{fortik/a} sturdy, robust, {~aj^o} fortification
{Fortun/o} Fortune
{forum/o} forum
{fos/i} dig, {~aj^o} pit, hole, ditch, etc., {~ilo} spade, 
   {sub~i} undermine, subvert, {sub~a} subversive
{fosfor/o} phosphorus
{fosforesk/a} phosphorescent, {~i} glow in the dark
{fost/o} post, stake, stanchion (any such vertical support)
{fot(ograf)/i} photograph, {~isto} ~er, {fot(ografaj^)o} photo
{frag/o} strawberry
{fragment/o} fragment, {~a} ~ary
{frak/o} evening dress, "tails"
{frakas/i} shatter, smash
{frakci/o} fraction
{fraksen/o} ash (tree)
{framason/o} (free)mason, {~a} masonic
{framb/o} raspberry
{franc/o} Frenchman, {~a} French, {~ujo, ~io} France
{frand/i} relish, eat (some delicacy) for pleasure,
   {~aj^o} tidbit, delicacy
{frang^/o} fringe
{frap/i} hit, knock, {~eti} tap
{frat/o} brother, {~ino} sister
{frau^d/i} defraud, swindle
{frau^l/o} bachelor, {~ino} unmarried woman, Miss
{fraz/o} sentence
{frekvent/i} frequent, visit regularly
{fremd/a} foreign, strange, {~ulo} foreigner, stranger
{frenez/a} crazy, insane, {~i} rave, act crazy, {~ig^i} go crazy, 
   {~ulo} lunatic, {~ulejo} insane asylum
{fres^/a} fresh, recent, {mal~a} stale, {re~igi} refresh
{frid/a} frigid, cold, {~igi} refrigerate, {~ujo} refrigerator
{fripon/o} crook, cheat(er), {~i} do something crooked, cheat 
   (intransitive verb.), {pri~i} cheat (transitive verb.)
{frit/i} fry (transitive verb.)
{frivol/a} frivolous, {~o} frivolity
{friz/i} curl, "do" (hair), {~o} hair-do, {~isto} hairdresser
{fromag^/o} cheese
{front/o} (battle)front, frontage, {(al)~i} face
{frost/o, ~a} freezing cold, {~igi} freeze, {~igilo} freezer, 
   {~ovundo} frostbite
{frot/i} rub, {~(ad)o} friction
{fru/a} early, {mal~a} late, {mal~i} be late, {pli mal~e} later (on)
{frukt/o} fruit, {~i} bear fruit, {~odona, ~oporta} fruitful
{frunt/o} forehead
{frustr/i} frustrate
{fug^/i} flee, run away
{fulg/o} soot
{fulm/o} lightning
{fum/o, ~i} smoke, {~tubo} ~stack, {ne fumi} no smoking
{fund/o} bottom, foundation, {g^is~a} thoroughgoing
{fundament/a} fundamental, {~o} foundation
{funebr/i} mourn, {~a} ~ful, {~o} ~ing, {~aj^oj} funeral services
{funel/o, ~i} funnel
{fung/o} mushroom, fungus
{funkci/i} function, "work," {~o} function, {~ulo} functionary,
   {mal~(ig^)i} be/go on the blink, malfunction
{funt/o} pound
{furioz/a} furious
{furor/o} hit, craze, an "in thing," {~i} be a hit, be "in,"
   {~libro} bestseller
{furz/i, ~o} fart
{fusil/o} rifle
{fus^/i} bungle, botch, "screw up"
{fut/o} foot (12 inches)
{futbal/o} soccer, {usona ~o} football

{gabardin/o} gabardine
{gael/a} Gaelic
{gaj/a} cheerful, merry, {mal~a} sad, dreary
{gajn/i} gain, earn, win
{gal/o} gall, bile
{galeri/o} gallery
{galjon/o} galloon, gold braid; stripe (uniform)
{galop/i, ~o} gallop
{galos^/o} galosh, overshoe
{gam/o} gamut, scale, key (music)
{gamb/o} whole leg (see p. 278)
{gangster/o} gangster, hoodlum
{gant/o} glove, mitten
{gap/i} gape, gawk, look about stupidly
{garag^/o} garage, {~i} put away (car), dock (boat)
{garanti/o, ~i} guarantee, warrant, {~aj^o} pledge (pawn),
   security (loan), {~ulo} hostage
{gard/i} guard, watch over, {sin~i} take care, {sin~ema} cautious,
   careful, {~u vin!} look out! (military: "Atten-tion!")
{gargar/i} gargle; rinse (dishes, etc.)
{garn/i} garnish, trim, fit out
{garnizon/o} garrison
{gast/o} guest, {~i} be a guest, receive hospitality, stay with, 
   {~igi} entertain, put (somebody) up, {~iganto} host, 
   {~ama} hospitable, {~ameco} hospitality, {~ejo} inn, hostel
{gazet/o} gazette, periodical, (small) magazine, {~aro} press
{gazon/o} lawn
{ge/} (prefix denoting both sexes; see p. 167)
{gencian/o} gentian
{gener/i} generate, beget, {~a} genital
{generaci/o} generation
{general/o} general (military)
{geni/o} genius, {~a} ingenious, {~ulo} genius
{gent/o} clan, race, ethnic group
{genu/o} knee, {~(ig^)i} kneel
{geograf/o} geographer
{geografi/o} geography
{geolog/o} geologist
{geologi/o} geology
{german/o, ~a} German, {~ujo, ~io} ~y
{gest/o, ~i} gesture, {~lingvo} sign language
{gic^et/o} window (ticket-seller's, bank, etc.)
{gigant/o} giant, {~a} gigantic
{gimnazi/o} secondary school (see p. 258)
{gingiv/o} gum (mouth)
{gips/o} gypsum, plaster of Paris
{girland/o} garland, wreath
{gist/o} yeast
{gitar/o} guitar
{glaci/o} ice, {~a} icy, {~aj^o} ~cream, {~monto} ~berg, {~ejo} glacier
{glad/i} iron (clothes), {~ilo} iron, {~otabulo} ~ing board
{glas/o} glass (also plastic, metal, etc., for drinking)
{glat/a} smooth, {~igi} (make) smooth, {~umi} pet, rub soothingly, stroke
{glav/o} sword, {~ingo} scabbard
{glazur/o, ~i} glaze (pottery)
{glis/i} glide (through air), {~ilo} glider, sailplane,
   {pend~ilo} hang-glider
{glit/i} slide, slip, {~kuri, ~(kur)ilo} skate, {~(ig)a} slippery,
   {~pilko} hockey
{glob/o} globe; ball (billiard, bowling, etc.); ball-bearing; 
   {~eto} marble; corpuscle, {~krajon/o} ballpoint pen, {~lud(ad)o}
   bowling, {~trotulo} globe-trotter, {ter~o} the globe (earth)
{glor/o} glory, {~a} glorious, {~i} glorify (transitive verb.),
   {~kanto} paean
{glos/o} a gloss, {~aro} glossary
{glu/i} glue, stick (transitive verb.), {~(aj^)o} glue, {~marko} sticker
{glut/i} swallow, {en~i} swallow up, engulf, {~egi} gulp down
{golf/o} gulf, bay; golf
{gorg^/o} throat
{goril/o} gorilla
{grac/o} grace (of God)
{graci/a} graceful, {~(ec)o} grace(fulness), {mal~a} awkward
{grad/o} degree, grade, {(lau^)~a} gradual
{graf/o} count, {~lando} ~y (in Europe)
{grafik/o} graphic arts, {~a} graphic, {~aj^o} graph
{grajn/o} grain
{grak/i} caw, croak
{gram/o} gram (weight)
{gramatik/o} grammar
{gramofon/o} phonograph, record-player
{grand/a} big, great, {~ega} huge, {mal~a} small, {~(ec)o} size,
   {po~e} wholesale, {~anima} magnanimous, {pli~igi} enlarge
{gras/o} grease, fat, {~a} greasy, fatty, {~i} grease
{grat/i} scratch
{gratul/i} congratulate, {~o} congratulation
{grav/a} important, serious, {ne ~as} it doesn't matter
{graved/a} pregnant, {~ig^i} conceive
{gravit/o} gravity
{gravur/i} engrave, {~(aj^)o} engraving
{greg/o} flock, herd
{grek/o, ~a} Greek, {~ujo, ~io} Greece
{gren/o} grain (of wheat, etc.)
{grenad/o} grenade
{gril/o} cricket (insect)
{grimac/o, ~i} grimace
{grimp/i} climb
{grinc/i} grind, gnash (teeth), grate, creak
{grip/o} flu, influenza
{griz/o, ~a} gray
{gros^/o} groschen (small coin)
{grot/o} grotto, cave
{grotesk/a} grotesque
{gru/o} crane (bird, machine)
{grumbl/i} grumble, growl
{grund/o} ground, soil
{grup/o} group
{gruz/o} gravel, grit
{guberni/o} province (E. Europe)
{gudr/o, ~i} tar
{gulas^/o} goulash, stew
{gulden/o} guilder (Dutch money)
{gum/i} erase, {~o} ~r, gum, {mac^~o} chewing gum
{gurd/o} hurdy-gurdy, barrel organ, {~isto} organ grinder, 
   {~ita} hackneyed, "corny"
{gust/o} taste, {~i} taste (intransitive verb.), {~igi} season, flavor,
   {~umi} taste (food, etc.), {bon~o} good taste, {bon~a} tasty,
   {sen~a} tasteless, {~umo} (sense of) taste (see p.228).
{gut/o} drip, drop, {~i} drip, {~eto} droplet
{guvern/i} teach privately, coach, {~isto} tutor, {~istino} governess
{gvardi/o} guard (elite military corps, not sentry)
{gvat/i} spy on, keep an eye on, {~sekvi} shadow, "tail"
{gvid/i} guide, lead, show the way, {~ilo} guide-book, {~isto} guide

{g^angal/o} jungle
{g^arden/o} garden
{g^em/i} groan, moan
{g^emel/o, ~a} twin
{g^en/i} bother, trouble, disturb, {sen~a} free and easy,
   without ceremony, {sin~a} shy, self-conscious
{g^endarm/o} gendarme, patrolman
{g^eneral/a} general
{g^enr/o} genre
{g^entil/a} polite, courteous, well brought up
{g^erm/o} germ (beginning of growth), {~i} ~inate
{g^i} it, {~a} ~s
{g^ib/o} hump, {~(hav)a} hunch-backed, {~ulo} hunchback
{g^in/o} gin (drink)
{g^ir/i} endorse (check, etc.), {~o} ~ment, {~anto} ~r, {~ato} ~e
{g^is} until, {g^is la revido} so long, goodbye,
   {g^is morgau^} until tomorrow, by tomorrow, {g^is!} So long!
{g^oj/i} be glad, {~(ec)o} gladness, joy, {~a} glad, {mal~a} sad,
   {mal~o} sorrow, sadness, {~igi} make (someone) glad
{g^u/i} enjoy, delight in
{g^ust/a} right, exact, {~e} just, exactly, {(al)~igi} put right,
   adjust, {mal~a} wrong, {~atempe} at the right time

{ha!} ah! {Ha lo?} Hello? (telephone)
{Hag/o} The Hague
{hajl/o} hail, {~ero} ~stone
{hak/i} chop, hack, {~ilo} axe, {~eti} mince, dice, chop (food),
   {~viando} hamburger meat
{hal/o} hall (great room)
{haladz/o} fume(s), gassy odor, {~a} fumy, gassy,
   {~i} fume, give off a noxious odor
{halt/i} come to a halt, {~o} stop, {bus~ejo} busstop,
   {~igi} stop (transitive verb.)
{hant/i} haunt
{har/o} a hair, {~oj, ~aro} hair
{hard/i} harden, temper
{harem/o} harem
{harmoni/o} harmony, {~a} harmonious, {~i} harmonize
{harp/o} harp
{has^is^/o} hashish, marijuana
{hau^t/o} skin, {sen~igi} skin
{hav/i} have, {mal~i} lack, {~igi} procure, get, {~ebla} available,
   {en~o} contents, {nemal~ebla} indispensable
{haven/o} harbor, port
{hazard/o} chance, "luck of the draw," {~e} by chance,
   {~a} random, chance
{he!} hey!
{hebre/o, ~a} Hebrew, Jew(ish)
{heder/o} ivy
{heg^/o} hedge
{hejm/o} home, {~e} at home, {~eca} ~y
{hejt/i} heat; stoke, {~ilo} heater, {~aj^o} fuel
{hel/a} bright, clear, light(colored), {mal~a} dark
{helebor/o} hellebore
{helic/o} helix, propeller
{helik/o} snail
{help/i} help, {~o} aid, {unua ~o} first aid, {~a} auxiliary,
   {~ema} ~ful, {mal~i} hinder
{hemisfer/o} hemisphere
{hen/i} whinny
{hepat/o} liver
{herb/o} grass, {~ejo} ~y place, meadow
{hered/i} inherit, {~aj^o} ~ance, {~igi} bequeath, leave
{herez/o} heresy, {~a} heretical, {~ulo} heretic
{hero/o} hero, {~a} ~ic, {~ino} ~ine
{heroin/o} heroin
{herold/o, ~i} herald
{herpet/o} herpes
{hezit/i} hesitate, {~o} hesitation
{hierau^} yesterday, {antau^~} day-before-yesterday, {~a} of yesterday
{higien/o} hygiene, {~a} hygienic
{himn/o} hymn, anthem
{hind/o, ~a} Indian (Asia), {~ujo, ~io} India
{hindu/o, ~a} Hindu
{hipnot/o} hypnotic trance, {~igi} hypnotize, {~isto} hypnotist
{hipokrit/i} dissemble, {~a} hypocritical, {~ulo} hypocrite
{hipotez/o} hypothesis, {~a} hypothetical, {~i} hypothesize
{hirt/i} bristle (hair, etc.), {~a} bristling, untidy, standing on end,
   {~igi} tousle
{hirund/o} swallow (bird)
{his/i} hoist, run up (flag, etc.), {~ilo} halyard
{hispan/o} Spaniard, {~a} Spanish, {~ujo, ~io, ~lando} Spain
{histeri/o} hysteria, {~a} hysterical
{histori/o} history, story
{hmm!} hmm!
{ho!} oh!
{hobi/o} hobby
{hoboj/o} oboe
{hodiau^} today, {~a} present-day, {la ~a tempo} nowadays
{hoj!} ahoy!
{hok/o, ~a} hook
{hoke/o} hockey
{hola!} hey, there! hold on!
{Holand/o} Holland, {~ano} ~er, Dutchman, {~a} Dutch
{hom/o} human being, "man," {~aro} mankind, humanity,
   {~amaso} crowd
{honest/a} honest
{honor/i, ~o} honor
{hont/i} be ashamed, {~o} shame, {~a} ashamed, {~igi} put to
   shame, {~inda} shameful, {~e al... } shame on...
{hor/o} hour, time (of day), {~aro} time-table, schedule (bus, etc.)
{horde/o} barley
{horizont/o} horizon
{horizontal/a} horizontal
{horlog^/o} clock, watch, {brak~} wrist-watch
{horor/o} horror, {~i} be horrified
{hospital/o} hospital
{hotel/o} hotel
{hu!} boo!
{huf/o} hoof, {~fero} horseshoe
{human/a} humane, {~isto} humanist
{humid/a} humid, moist, damp
{humil/a} humble, {~eco} humility
{humor/o} humor (mood, temper)
{humur/o} humor (wit), {~a} ~ous
{hund/o} dog, {~a} canine
{hungar/o, ~a} Hungarian, {~ujo, ~io/-lando} Hungary
{hura!} hurrah! {~i, ~o} cheer
{hurl/i, ~o} howl

{h^aos/o} chaos, {~a} chaotic
{h^emi/o} chemistry, {~isto} chemist (preferred form: {kemio,} etc.)
{h^imer/o} chimera, {~a} chimerical
{h^in/o, ~a} Chinese (preferred form: {c^ino,} etc.)
{h^irurg/o} surgeon, {~a} surgical, {~io} surgery (the science)
{h^oler/o} cholera
{h^or/o} choir, chorus, {~ejo} choir loft

{i-} (forms correlative; see p. 127)
{-id/} (suffix denoting offspring; see p. 212), {~aro} descendants
{ide/o} idea
{ideal/o, ~a} ideal, {~isto} idealist
{ident/o} identity, {~a} identical, {~igi} identify
{ideografi/o} picture writing
{ideologi/o} ideology
{idiom/o} tongue, language
{idiot/o} idiot, {~a} ~ic, {~eco} idiocy
{idiotism/o} idiom
{idol/o} idol, {~ano} ~ator
{-ig/} (suffix denoting cause; see pp. 103, 201),
   {~i} cause (to be), make
{ignor/i} ignore
{-ig^/} (suffix denoting becoming; see pp. 117, 208), {~i} become, "get"
{iks/o} the letter X, {~radioj} X-rays
{-il/} (suffix denoting instrument; see p. 117), {~o} tool
{ileks/o} holly
{ili} they, {~a} their
{ilumin/i} illuminate, enlighten
{ilustr/i} illustrate, {~aj^o} illustration
{iluzi/o} illusion, {~a} misleading, {~i} delude, {~isto} magician,
   {sen~igi} set (someone) straight, {sen~ig^i} become disillusioned
{imag/i} imagine, {~o} imagination
{imit/i} imitate, {~(ad)o, ~aj^o} imitation
{imperi/o} empire, {~estro} emperor, {~ismo} imperialism,
   {~isto} imperialist
{imperialism/o} imperialism
{impertinent/a} impertinent, {~eco} impertinence, {~ulo} boor
{impet/o} rapid or strong forward movement, {~i} move
   forward with great energy
{implic/i} imply
{implik/i} implicate, entangle
{impon/i} impress forcibly, strike, {~a} imposing
{impost/o, ~i} tax, {~isto} tax collector, revenue agent,
   {~ebla} subject to tax
{impres/o} impression, {~i} make an impression on,
   {~ebla, ~ig^ema} ~able
{impuls/o} impulse, impetus, {~i} impel
{imun/a} immune
{-in/} (suffix denoting feminine; see p. 82), {~o, ~a} female
{inau^gur(aci)/i} inaugurate, {~o} inauguration, {~a} inaugural
{incendi/o} conflagration, fire, {~a} incendiary
{incens/o} incense
{incit/i} incite, provoke, excite, {~eti} tease
{-ind/} (suffix denoting worth; see p. 154), {~a} worthy
{indeks/o, ~i} index (by alphabet)
{indian/o, ~a} (American) Indian
{indiferent/a} indifferent; immaterial
{indign/i} be indignant
{indig^en/o, ~a} native
{indik/i} indicate, {~o} indication
{individu/o, ~a} individual
{indulg/i} indulge, be lenient with, spare
{industri/o} industry, {~a} industrial, {~isto} industrialist
{inert/a} inert
{infan/o} child, {~(ec)a} ~ish
{infanteri/o} infantry
{infekt/i} infect, {~o} ~ion, {sen~igi} dis~
{infer/o} hell, {~a} infernal
{infest/i} infest, {~o} ~ation
{inflaci/o} inflation (finance)
{influ/o, ~i} influence
{inform/i} inform, make known, {~(aj^)o} information,
   {~ig^i} find out, be advised, {~ado} publicity
{-ing/} (suffix denoting holder or socket), {glav~o} scabbard,
   {kandel~o} candlestick, {fingr~o} thimble, {~o} socket, holder
{ingven/o} groin
{ing^enier/o} engineer
{iniciat/i} initiate (a thing), start
{injekt/i} inject, {~ilo} (hypodermic) syringe
{ink/o} ink, {~ujo} well
{inkandesk/a} incandescent
{inklin/o} inclination, disposal (toward), {~i} be inclined
   (toward something)
{inkluziv/i} include, {~a} inclusive, {~e} inclusively,
   {~e} (+ accusative), {~e de} including
{inkub/o} incubus; nightmare, {~a} nightmarish
{insekt/o} insect
{insid/a} insidious, {~o} snare, {~i} set a snare or trap (for)
{insign/o} badge; coat-of-arms
{insist/i} insist
{inspekt/i} inspect, {~(ad)o} ~ion, {~isto} ~or
{inspektor/o = inspektisto}
{inspir/i} inspire, {~a} inspiring, {~(aj^)o} inspiration
{instanc/o} court, competent official authority
{instig/i} urge, spur on, impel, encourage to
{instinkt/o} instinct
{instituci/o} institution
{institut/o} institute
{instru/i} instruct, teach, {~isto} teacher
{instrukci/o} instructions, directions
{instrument/o} instrument
{insul/o} island, {duon~o} peninsula, {~aro} archipelago
{insult/i} "cuss out," insult, {~o} verbal abuse
{integr/a} integral
{intelekt/o} intellect, {~a, ~ulo} ~ual
{inteligent/a} intelligent, {~o} intelligence
{intenc/i} intend, {~o} intention, {~a} intentional, {~e} on purpose
{intendant/o} superintendent, steward, {~ino} matron
{intens/a} intense, intensive
{inter} between, among, {~nacia} international,
   {~s^ang^i} exchange, {~rompi} interrupt, {~paroli} converse,
   {~kompreno} mutual understanding, {~veni} intervene
{interes/i, ~o} interest, {~a} ~ing, {~ig^i} take an interest (in);
   see p. 287
{intermit/a} intermittent, {~i} occur intermittently, go on and off
{intern/a} internal, inner, {~o} inside, interior
{interpret/i} interpret, {~o} ~ation, {~isto} ~or
{interpunkci/o} punctuation, {~i} punctuate
{interval/o} interval
{intervju/i, ~o} interview
{intest/o} intestine
{intim/a} intimate, close
{intransitive verb.ig/i} intrigue, {~o} plot
{inund/i, ~o} flood
{invad/i} invade, {~o} invasion
{invalid/o} disabled person, {~a} disabled
{invent/i} invent, {~aj^o} ~ion, {~isto} ~or
{inventar/o} inventory
{invers/a} the other way around, reversed, {~e} vice-versa
{invit/i} invite, {~o} invitation
{ipsilon/o} the letter Y
{ir/i} go, {al~i} approach, {antau^en~i} go forward,
   {c^irkau^~i} go around, circumvent, {ek~i} start out, {el~i} go
   out, exit, {El~o} Exodus, {en~i} enter, go in, {for~i} leave, go 
   away, {re~i} go back, return, {sub~i} go down, set (sun),
   {supren~i} go up, ascend, {trans~i} cross, {el~ejo} exit, way
   out, {pied~i} go on foot, {pied~anto} pedestrian
{Iran/o} Iran, {~a, ~ano} ~ian
{Irland/o} Ireland, {~a} Irish, {~ano} Irishman
{ironi/o} irony, {~a} ironic
{Islam/o} Islam, {~a} ~ic
{Island/o} Iceland, {~a} ~ic
{-ism/} (suffix denoting an ism; see p. 208)
{-ist/} (suffix denoting occupation; see p. 82)
{ital/o, ~a} Italian, {~ujo, ~io} Italy
{izol/i} isolate, seclude, insulate, {~a} isolated, secluded,
   {~ilo} insulator
{Izrael/o} Israel, {~a, ~ano} ~i

{ja} indeed; emphatic particle
{jad/o, ~a} jade
{jaguar/o} jaguar
{jah^t/o} yacht
{jak/o} jacket
{jakt/o = jah^to}
{jam} already, {jam ne} no longer, {jam nun} right now
{Januar/o} January
{japan/o, ~a} Japanese, {~ujo, ~io, ~lando} Japan
{jar/o} year, {(c^iu)~a} annual, {~cento} century,
   {~deko} decade, {super~o} leap year
{jard/o} yard (3 feet)
{Jav/o} Java
{jaz/o} jazz
{je} at, on, by, etc. (see p.152)
{Jehov/o} Jehovah
{jen} behold (calls attention to; see p. 117)
{jen/o} yen (Japanese money)
{jes} yes, {~i} assent, say yes, {~o} assent
{Jesu/o, Jezu/o} Jesus
{jet/o} jet plane
{jid/a} Yiddish
{Joc^j/o} Johnny
{jod/o} Iodine
{jodl/i} yodel
{jog/o} yoga
{jogurt/o} yoghurt
{Johan/o} John
{jot/o} iota, jot
{ju... des... } the... the... , {ju pli granda, des pli bona}
   the bigger the better
{jubil/a} jubilant, {~o} jubilation, exultation, {~i} exult
{jubile/o, ~a} jubilee
{jud/o} Jew, {~a} ~ish, {~ismo} Judaism
{jug/o, {~i} yoke
{jugoslav/o, ~a} Yugoslav(ian), {~ujo, ~io} Yugoslavia
{jugland/o} walnut
{jug^/i, ~isto} judge, {~o} ~ment, {~ejo} court(room),
   {antau^~o} prejudice
{juk/i, ~o} itch
{Jul/o} Yule
{Juli/o} July
{jun/a} young, {~eco, ~ulo} youth
{jung/i, ~ilaro, ~aj^o} harness
{Juni/o} June
{jup/o} skirt, {sub~o} petticoat
{jur/o} law (legal system or profession), jurisprudence, {~isto} jurist
{just/a} just, fair, righteous, {~eco} justice, righteousness
{juvel/o} jewel

{j^aluz/a} jealous, {~o} ~y, {~i} be jealous
{j^argon/o} jargon
{j^au^d/o} Thursday
{j^azo = jazo}
{j^et/i} throw, {~kuboj} dice, {~eti} toss
{j^ongl/i} juggle, {~isto} ~r
{j^ur/i} swear, {~o} oath
{j^urnal/o} newspaper, {~isto} journalist
{j^us} just (now), just before

{kaban/o} cabin, hut, shack
{kabared/o, kabaret/o} cabaret
{kabinet/o} cabinet; room for study
{kabl/o} cable, {~gramo} ~gram
{kac^/o} mush; mess
{kadavr/o} cadaver, corpse
{kadr/o} frame(work); cadre, {en~igi} frame
{kaduk/a} decayed, decrepit, dilapidated; (law) lapsed
{kaf/o} coffee, {~ejo} cafe
{kaftan/o} caftan (Oriental garment)
{kag^/o} cage
{kaj} and; {kaj... kaj... } both... and...
{kaj/o} quay, platform
{kajer/o} exercise-book; folder
{kajut/o} cabin (ship, etc.)
{kakt/o} cactus
{kal/o} corn (feet)
{kaldron/o} cauldron, kettle, boiler
{kalembur/o} pun
{kalendar/o} calendar
{kalik/o} chalice, goblet
{kalk/o} lime, {~i, ~aj^o} white-wash
{kalkan/o} heel (foot), {~umo} heel (shoe)
{kalkul/i} calculate, count, figure, {~o} calculation;
   bill (restaurant, store, etc.)
{kalumni/i} slander, libel, bad-mouth
{kalson/o} underpants, drawers, panties,
   {~eto} briefs, bottom half of bikini
{kalv/a} bald
{Kalvari/o} Calvary
{kamarad/o} pal, buddy, comrade
{kambi/o} bill of exchange
{kamel/o} camel
{kamen/o} fireplace, hearth; {~tubo} chimney, smokestack,
   {~breto} mantel(piece)
{kamer/o} small room; dark-room
{kamion/o} truck, {~eto} van
{kamp/o} field, {~aro} countryside, {~ara} rural, {~arano, ~ulo}
   country-dweller, farmer, peasant, {~(um)i, ~log^i} camp out
{kampanol/o} Canterbury bell, bellflower
{kan/o} cane, reed
{Kanad/o} Canada, {~a, ~ano} Canadian
{kanajl/o} scoundrel, rogue, {~aro} rabble, riff-raff
{kanal/o} canal, channel
{kanap/o} couch
{kancer/o} cancer; canker
{kandel/o} candle, {~ingo} ~holder
{kandidat/o} candidate, {~i} run for election
{kanibal/o} cannibal
{Kanj/o} Cathy
{kanjon/o} canyon
{kanon/o} cannon
{kanot/o} small open boat
{kant/i} sing, {~o} song, {~aro} songbook
{kanzon/o} chanson, light-hearted ballad
{kaos/o} chaos
{kap/o} head, {~jesi} nod, {~nei} shake one's head,
   {~turn(ig)a} dizzy(ing)
{kapabl/a} capable
{kapel/o} chapel
{kapital/o} capital (money), {~isto} ~ist
{kapitan/o} captain
{kapitol/o} capitol
{kapitulac/i} capitulate, surrender
{kaporal/o} corporal
{kapot/o} hood (car); large coat with hood
{kapr/o} goat
{kapric/o} whim, {~a} capricious
{kapriol/i} caper, frolic about
{kapsul/o} capsule; firing cap
{kapt/i} catch, capture, {~ilo} snare, trap
{kapuc^/o} hood, cowl
{kar/a} dear, {~ul(in)o} darling
{karaf/o} carafe, decanter
{karakter/o} character, personality, nature
{karakteriz/i} characterize, {~a, ~aj^o} characteristic
{karapac/o} carapace, protective shell
{karavan/o} caravan; group traveling together
{karb/o} coal, {~papero} carbon paper
{karcer/o} jail cell
{kares/i} caress, fondle, stroke
{karier/o} career
{karitat/o} charity, {~a} charitable
{Karl/o} Charles
{karmezin/o, ~a} crimson
{karn/o} flesh, {~a} carnal
{karnaval/o} carnaval
{karot/o} carrot
{kart/o} card; menu, map
{kartoc^/o} cartridge
{karton/o} cardboard
{karusel/o} merry-go-round, carousel
{kas/o} money box, till, cashier's stand; fund; {~isto} cashier
{kaserol/o} casserole, saucepan
{kaset/o, kased/o} cassette
{kask/o} helmet
{kastel/o} castle
{kastor/o} beaver
{kastr/i} castrate
{kas^/i} hide, conceal, {mal~i} reveal, {mal~e} openly, frankly,
   {~ludo} hide-and-seek
{kas^tan/o} chestnut
{kat/o} cat, {~ido} kitten
{katalog/o, ~i} catalog
{Katarin/o} Catherine
{katastrof/o} catastrophe, {~a} catastrophic
{katedr/o} professorial chair or platform; pulpit
{katedral/o} cathedral
{kategori/o} category
{katen/o, ~i} fetter, shackle
{katolik/o, ~a} catholic, {~ismo} ~ism
{kau^c^uk/o, ~a} rubber
{kau^r/i} crouch, squat, cower
{kau^z/o} cause, reason, {~i} cause
{kav/o} cavity, {~a} hollow, concave
{kavaleri/o} cavalry
{kavalir/o} cavalier, knight
{kavern/o} cave, cavern, den
{kaz/o} case
{kazern/o} barracks
{kazin/o} casino
{ke} that (subordinate conjunction)
{kel/o} cellar, basement
{kelk/a(j), ~e da} some, a few, {~foje} sometimes
{kelner/o} waiter
{kern/o} core, pit (fruit, etc.), nucleus
{kest/o} chest, large box
{ki-} (forms correlative; see p. 127)
{kibuc/o} kibbutz
{kilometr/o} kilometer
{kimr/a} Welsh, {~o} ~man, {~ujo} Wales
{kin/o} cinema, {~ejo} movie theater
{kiras/o} armor
{kirl/i} stir, whirl, curl; froth, whip (food)
{kirurg/o = h^irurgo}
{kirurgi/o = h^irurgio}
{kis/i, ~o} kiss
{kitel/o} overalls, smock
{klac^/i, ~o} gossip
{klak/i} clap, rattle, make clicking sound
{klar/a} clear, plain, {~igi} clarify, explain
{klas/o} class, {en~igi} classify
{klasik/a} classic
{klau^n/o} clown
{klav/o} key (piano, typewriter, etc.), {~aro} keyboard
{kler/a} learned, well-informed, cultured
{klient/o} client, customer, {~aro} clientele
{klimat/o} climate, {~a} climatic
{klin/i} (transitive verb.) bend, incline, tilt
{kling/o} (knife, etc.) blade
{klinik/o} clinic
{klis^/o} (printer's) cut, half-tone; (photo) negative,
   {~(aj^)o} cliche, stereotype
{kloak/o} sewer
{klopod/i} take steps, try (see p. 255)
{klub/o} club, society, {~ano} club member
{knab/o} boy, {~(ec)a} ~ish, {~ino} girl
{knar/i} creak, grate, make screeching noise
{kned/i} knead
{kobold/o} imp, goblin
{kobr/o} cobra
{kod/o} code, {(en)~igi} encode, {de~igi} decode
{kofr/o} trunk, large suitcase, {~ujo} trunk (of car)
{kojn/o, ~i} wedge
{kok/o} rooster, cock, {~ino} hen, {~batalo} cockfight, {~ido} chick
{kokain/o} cocaine
{kokcinel/o} ladybug
{koket/a} coquettish, {~i} flirt
{kokon/o} cocoon
{kokos/o} coconut
{koks/o} hip
{koktel/o} cocktail
{kol/o} neck, {~umo} collar
{kolbas/o} sausage
{koleg/o} colleague
{kolegi/o} college
{kolekt/i} collect, gather, {~ig^i} gather together
{kolektiv/o, ~a} collective
{koler/a} angry, {~i} be angry, {~ig^i} get angry, {~o} anger
{kolizi/i} collide, {~o} collision
{kolomb/o} pigeon, dove, {~umi} "bill and coo"
{kolon/o} pillar, (architecture) column
{kolonel/o} colonel
{koloni/o} colony, settlement, {~a} colonial
{kolor/o} color, {~igi} color, paint
{kolos/a} colossal, {~o} colossus
{kolport/i} peddle, sell door-to-door
{kolumn/o} column (type, figures, soldiers, etc.)
{kom/o} comma
{komand/i} be in command
{komb/i, ~ilo} comb
{kombin/i} combine, {~aj^o} combination
{komedi/o} comedy
{komenc/i} (transitive verb.) begin, {~o} ~ning,
   {~ig^i} begin (intransitive verb.), {~a} initial
{koment/i, ~o} comment, {~aro} ~ary
{komerc/o} commerce, business, {~i} do business, {~isto} merchant
{komfort/o} comfort, {~a} ~able
{komik/a} comic(al)
{komisar/o} commissar
{komisi/o} errand, commission, {~i} entrust with a task,
   {~ito} commissioner
{komitat/o} committee
{komiz/o} clerk
{komod/o} dresser, chest of drawers
{komodor/o} commodore
{kompakt/a} compact
{kompani/o} company
{kompar/i} (transitive verb.) compare, {~o} comparison,
   {~e} comparatively
{kompas/o} compass
{kompat/o} compassion, pity, {~i} have compassion on, pity,
   {~inda} pitiful, "poor"
{kompetent/a} competent, {~ulo} expert
{kompil/i} compile, {~(aj^)o} compilation
{komplet/a} complete, {~o} set, suit (clothes, furniture, etc.),
   {~igi} complete
{komplez/o} favor, {~(em)a} kind, obliging, {~i} do a favor
{komplik/i} complicate, {~a} ~d
{kompliment/o, ~i} compliment
{komplot/o} plot, conspiracy
{kompon/i} compose (music), {~isto} ~r, {~aj^o} composition
{kompost/i} set in type
{kompren/i} understand, {~ebla} ~able, {~ema} ~ing, {~eble} of course
{komput/i} compute, {~ilo = komputero}
{komputer/o} computer
{komun/a} (in) common, {~umo} community, {~isto} Communist
{komuni/o} Communion
{komunik/i} communicate, {~(aj^)o} communication
{kon/i} know (be acquainted), {~ato} acquaintance,
   {ne~ata} unknown, {re~i} recognize
{koncept/o} concept
{koncern/i} concern, {~a} ~ed, in question
{koncert/o} concert
{koncip/i} conceive (a child)
{konciz/a} concise
{kondamn/i} condemn; sentence
{kondic^/o} condition, stipulation, {~i} stipulate, set conditions
{kondolenc/o} condolences, {~i} express condolences
{konduk/i} lead, conduct, take; drive (vehicle), {~isto} driver
{kondut/i} behave, conduct oneself, {~o} behavior, conduct
{konekt/i} connect up, plug in, {~o} connection
{konferenc/o} conference
{konfes/i} confess, {~o} ~ion, {~e} admittedly
{konfid/i} trust, confide, have confidence in
{konfidenc/o} a confidence, secret, {~a} confidential
{konfirm/i} confirm, corroborate, {~o} confirmation
{konfisk/i} confiscate
{konflikt/o} conflict
{konform/i} conform, {~a} ~ing, {~ig^i} conform, "shape up"
{konfuz/i} confuse, {~a} ~d, jumbled up, {~o} confusion
{kongres/o} congress, convention, {~i} hold or attend a congress
{kongru/a} congruent, {~i} coincide, fit together
{konjak/o} cognac, brandy
{konjekt/i} conjecture, surmise, {~o} conjecture, guess(work)
{konk/o} shell (clam, snail, etc.)
{konker/i} conquer
{konklud/o, ~i} (come to a) conclusion, infer(ence)
{konkret/a} concrete (not abstract)
{konkur/i} compete, rival, {~(ad)o} rivalry, (personal) competition
{konkurenc/o} (business, etc.) competition
{konkurs/o} contest
{konsci/i} be conscious/aware of, {~o} consciousness, awareness,
   {~a} conscious, aware, {sen~a} unconscious
{konscienc/o} conscience, {~a} conscientious
{konsekvenc/a} consistent, {~o} consistency, consequence,
   {ne~a} inconsistent
{konsent/i} consent, agree, {~o} agreement, consent, {~ite} OK, agreed
{konserv/i} conserve, keep, {~ema, (em)ulo} conservative
{konsider/i} consider, {~inda} ~able
{konsil/o} advice, counsel, {~i} advise, {~anto} counsellor,
   {~inda} advisable
{konsist/i} consist, {~o} ~ency, {~igi} make up, constitute
{konsol/i} console, comfort, {~o} consolation
{konspir/i} conspire, {~o} conspiracy
{konstant/a} constant, permanent
{konstat/i} realize to be a fact, ascertain, take note
{konstern/i} dismay, appall, {~o} consternation
{konstip/i} constipate, {~ita} ~d
{konstituci/o} constitution, {~a} ~al
{konstru/i} construct, build, {~aj^o} building
{konsul/o} consul
{konsult/i} consult, {~o} ~ation
{konsum/i} consume, use up, {~anto} consumer
{kont/o} account (finance)
{kontakt/i, ~o} contact, {fus^~o} short circuit
{kontant/o} cash money, {~a, ~e} in cash
{kontent/a} content, satisfied, pleased, {~igi} satisfy,
   {~o} contentment, satisfaction
{kontinent/o} continent, mainland
{kontor/o} (business) office
{kontraband/i} smuggle, {~isto} ~r, {~o} contraband, "hot goods"
{kontrakt/o} contract, {~i} make a contract
{kontralt/o} contralto
{kontrast/o, ~i} contrast
{kontrau^} against, across from, opposed to, in exchange for,
   {~e} on the contrary, {~i} oppose, {~stari} withstand, stand up to,
   {~ulo} opponent, {~vole} against one's will, {~diri} contradict
{kontribu/i} contribute, {~(aj^)o} contribution
{kontrol/i} check up on, audit, verify, supervise
{kontur/o} contour, outline
{kontuz/o, ~i} bruise
{konven/i} be appropriate, be suitable, {~a} suitable, seemly,
   as it should be, {mal~a} unseemly, not fitting
{konversaci/i} converse, {~o} conversation
{konvink/i} convince, persuade, {~o} conviction, belief
{konvuls/o} convulsion
{kopi/i, ~o} copy (see p. 285)
{kor/o} heart, {~a} cordial, hearty; cardiac, {~ligita} close,
   dear to the heart, {~tus^a} touching, moving
{Koran/o} Koran
{korb/o} basket
{kord/o} string (music), cord (anatomy)
{Kore/o, ~a} Korean, {~ujo, ~io} Korea
{korekt/i} correct
{korespond/i} correspond, {~anto} ~ent, pen-pal
{koridor/o} corridor, passage
{korn/o} horn (animal, etc.)
{kornik/o} crow
{korp/o} body
{korporaci/o} corporation
{kort/o} court(yard), {~ego, ~umo} court (see p. 239)
{korupt/i, ~ilo} bribe
{korv/o} raven
{kosm/o} cosmos, {~a spaco} outer space
{kost/i, ~o} cost, {multe~a} expensive
{kostum/o} costume; suit (clothes); outfit, what one is wearing
{kot/o} mud
{kotiz/i} subscribe to (publication, fund), {~o} subscription; dues
{koton/o} cotton
{kov/i} sit (as hen), incubate, {el~i} hatch out
{kovert/o} envelope
{kovr/i} cover, {~ilo} lid, cover, {mal~i} uncover, discover
{krac^/i} spit
{krad/o} grill, grid, grate
{krajon/o} pencil
{krak/i, ~o} crack (sound), {~eti} ~le
{kramp/o, ~i} clamp, staple, {~oj} brackets, parentheses
{kran/o} faucet, tap
{krani/o} skull
{kravat/o} necktie
{kre/i} create, {~it(aj^)o} creature
{kred/i} believe, {~o} belief, {~eble} probably, {~ema} credulous
{kredit/o} credit
{krem/o} cream
{kremaci/o} cremation, {~i} cremate
{kren/o} horseradish
{krepusk/o} twilight
{kresk/i} (intransitive verb.) grow, {~igi} grow (transitive verb.),
   raise, {~aj^o} plant
{krestomati/o} chrestomathy (book of model readings)
{kret/o} chalk
{krev/i} (intransitive verb.) burst
{kri/i} cry out, shout, {~egi} yell, {~signo} exclamation point
{kribr/i} sift, {~ilo} sieve
{krim/o} crime, {~a, ~ulo} criminal
{kripl/a} crippled, infirm
{Krist/o} Christ, {~ano} ~ian, {~anismo} ~ianity, {~nasko} ~mas,
   {~(nask)arbo} ~mas tree
{kristal/o, ~a} crystal
{kritik/i} criticize, {~o} criticism
{kriz/o} crisis, emergency, (fin) depression, {~a} critical
{kroc^/i} hook (onto), {al~ig^i} cling to, get caught on, {~ilo} hook
{krokodil/o} crocodile, {~i} speak one's national language
   among Esperantists
{krom} besides, apart from, {~e} besides, {~a} additional,
   {~tubo} spare tire, {~virino} concubine, {krom se} unless
{kron/o, ~i} crown, {~ado} coronation
{kronik/o} chronicle, {~isto} ~r, historian
{kroz/i} cruise
{kruc/o, ~i} cross, {~a} crucial, {~umi} crucify, {~osigni} make
   the sign of the cross, {~vortenigmo} crossword puzzle
{kruc^/o} jug, pitcher
{krud/a} raw, crude, rough
{kruel/a} cruel, fierce
{krur/o} leg (see p. 278)
{krut/a} steep, abrupt
{kser(ografi)/o} xerography, {~a} xerographic,
   {~okopio} xerographic copy
{k.t.p. = kaj tiel plu} etc.
{kub/o} cube
{Kub/o} Cuba, {~a, ~ano} ~n
{kubut/o} elbow
{kudr/i} sew, {~ero} stitch, {~ilo} needle, {kun~(aj^)o} seam
{kugl/o} bullet
{kuir/i} cook, {~ejo} kitchen
{kuk/o} cake, {~eto} cup~
{kukol/o} cuckoo
{kukum/o} cucumber
{kukurb/o} pumpkin, squash, gourd, etc.
{kul/o} gnat
{kuler/o} spoon
{kulis/o} flat (theater), {post la ~oj} behind the scenes
{kulp/o} blame, fault, guilt, {~a} guilty, {~igi} blame, {~ulo} culprit
{kultur/o} culture, {~i} cultivate
{kun} with, {~e} together, {~veno, ~sido} meeting, {~porti} bring
   along, take, {~ig^i} come together, {~igi} unite (tr), join,
   {~ulo} companion, {~labori} cooperate, {~voki} convoke, {~e kun}
   together with, {c^i~e} herewith
{kunikl/o} rabbit
{kupe/o} compartment (train), coupe (short wagon or car)
{kupl/i} couple (mechanics)
{kupol/o} cupola, dome
{kupon/o} coupon
{kupr/o, ~a} copper
{kur/i} run, {ek~i} start running, take to one's heels
{kurac/i} treat medically, {~ilo} medicine, {~isto} physician
{kurag^/o} courage, {~a} ~ous, brave, {~i} dare, {~igi} encourage
{kurb/o} curve, {~a} ~d, {~igi} bend
{kurioz/a} curious, quaint
{kurs/o} class (school), course
{kurten/o} curtain
{kurz/o} rate of exchange
{kusen/o} cushion, {lit~o} pillow
{kus^/i} lie, recline, {ek~i, ~ig^i} lie down, {~igi} lay
{kutim/o} custom, habit, {~e} ordinarily, {~i} be in the habit of,
   {al~ig^i} become accustomed, get in the habit of
{kuv/o} tub, vat
{kuz/o, ~ino} cousin
{kvadrat/o, ~a} square
{kvaker/o, ~a} Quaker
{kvalit/o} quality
{kvankam} although
{kvant/o} quantity
{kvar} four, {~a, ~ono} ~th, {~ope} by fours
{kvartal/o} district, neighborhood (of town)
{kvazau^} as if, as though; in a way
{kverel/i} quarrel, wrangle
{kverk/o, ~a} oak(en)
{kviet/a, ~o} quiet, calm
{kvin} five, {~a, ~ono} fifth
{kvit/a} paid up, free and clear, obligation satisfied
{kvitanc/o, ~i} receipt

{la} the
{labor/i, ~o} work, labor, {~ejo} workplace,
   {~isto} worker, laborer, {el~i} work out, {kun~i} cooperate,
   {per~i} earn, {~ema} hardworking, {mal~ema} slothful
{laboratori/o} laboratory
{lac/a} tired, {~ig^i} get tired
{lac^/o} (shoe)lace
{lad/o , ~a} sheet metal, tin, tin plate,
   {~skatolo, en~igi} can (food, etc.)
{laf/o, ~a} lava
{lag/o} lake
{lagun/o} lagoon
{laik/a, ~o} lay(man)
{lak/o, ~i} lacquer
{laks/a} loose (bowels), {mal~a} constipated, {~igilo} laxative
{lakt/o} milk
{laktuk/o} lettuce
{lam/a} lame, {~i} limp, {~bastono} crutch
{lament/i} wail, lament
{lamp/o} lamp
{lan/o, ~a} wool
{land/o} land, country, {~strato} highway, {~limo} border,
   {ekster~e} abroad, {(sam)~ano} compatriot
{lang/o} tongue
{lant/a} (poetic word for ) slow
{lantern/o} lantern
{lanug/o} fluff, down
{lapon/o, ~a} Lapp, Laplander
{lard/o} bacon
{larg^a} wide, broad, {mal~a} narrow, {lau^~e} crossways
{larik/o} larch
{laring/o} larynx, {~ito} laryngitis
{larm/o} tear, {~i} shed tears, weep
{larv/o} larva, grub
{las/i} leave, allow, let, {for~i} abandon, forsake,
   {post~i} leave behind, {preter~i} leave out, overlook
{last/a} last, {~atempe} lately
{lat/o} lath, slat, {~kurteno} Venetian blind
{latin/a} Latin, {~ida} Romance
{latrin/o} latrine
{latun/o, ~a} brass
{latv/o, ~a} Latvian, {~io} Latvia
{lau^} according to, along, {~longe} lengthwise,
   {~plac^e} as one pleases, {~vole} as you wish,
   {~vorta} literal, {~dire} as is being said,
   {~moda} fashionable, {~vide} by sight, {~leg^a} legal
{lau^d/i, ~o} praise
{lau^r/o} laurel
{lau^t/a} (a)loud
{lav/i} wash (transitive verb.)
{lavang/o} avalanche
{lecion/o} lesson
{led/o, ~a} leather
{leg/i} read, {~aj^o} ~ing matter, {~ebla} legible,
   {~inda} worth reading, {~scio} reading ability
{legend/o} legend, {(lau^)~a} legendary
{legi/o} legion
{legitim/i} legitimize, prove identity, {~ilo} I.D.
{legom/o} vegetable
{leg^/o} law, {lau^~a} legal
{leg^er/a} (poetic word for ) light(weight)
{lek/i} lick
{lekant/o} marguerite, {~eto} daisy
{lekci/o, ~i} lecture
{lektor/o} lector (title given teachers in some countries)
{lens/o} lens
{lentug/o} freckle
{leon/o} lion
{leontod/o} dandelion
{leopard/o} leopard
{lepor/o} hare, rabbit, {~hundo} greyhound
{lepr/o} leprosy, {~ulo} leper
{lern/i} learn, {~ejo} school, {~olibro} textbook
{lert/a} skillful, clever, dexterous, {mal~a} awkward
{letargi/o} lethargy
{leter/o} letter, {~kesto} mailbox
{leu^tenant/o} lieutenant
{lev/i} lift, raise, {~ig^i} arise, get up
{li} he, {~a} his
{Liban/o} Lebanon, {~a} Lebanese
{liber/a} free, {~tempo} spare time, time off, {~vola} voluntary,
   {mal~ejo} prison, {mal~ulo} prisoner
{liberal/a} liberal
{libr/o} book, {~eto} ~let, {~(ovend)ejo} ~store,
   {~otenado} ~keeping, {~aro} book collection (e.g., private library)
{licenc/o} licence
{lift/o} elevator
{lig/i} tie, bind, {~o} league, connection, {~ilo} bond
{lign/o} wood, timber
{likvid/i} liquidate
{likvor/o} liquor
{lilak/o} lilac
{lili/o} lily
{lim/o} limit, boundary, {~igi} limit, restrict
{limak/o} slug, snail
{limonad/o} lemonade
{lin/o} flax, {~aj^o} linen, {~oleo} linseed oil, {~oleumo} linoleum
{lingv/o} language, {~isto} linguist
{lini/o} line, {~ilo} ruler, straightedge
{lip/o} lip, {~haroj} moustache
{Lisbon/o} Lisbon
{lisp/i} lisp
{list/o} list, {~igi} (make a) list
{lit/o} bed, {~kovrilo} blanket, {~tuko} sheet, {en~ig^i} go to bed
{litani/o} litany
{liter/o} letter (alphabet), {~umi} spell
{literatur/o} literature, {~a} literary
{litov/o, ~a} Lithuanian, {~ujo, ~io} Lithuania
{litr/o} liter
{liturgi/o} liturgy
{liut/o} lute
{liver/i} deliver, supply, furnish
{lo!} hey there! {Ha lo} Hello (telephone)
{log/i} lure, attract, {al~a} attractive, {~ilo, ~aj^o} bait,
   {de~i} seduce, entice
{logik/o} logic, {~a} ~al
{log^/i} live (dwell), {~ejo} place to live, dwelling,
   {~anto} inhabitant, {~antaro} population
{lojal/a} loyal
{lok/o} location, place, spot, {~i} locate, {~a} local,
   {sid~o} seat, place to sit
{lokomotiv/o} locomotive
{lokust/o} grasshopper
{long/a} long, {~(ec)o} length, {de~e} for a long time,
   {lau^~e} lengthwise, {mal~a} short,
   {mal~igi} shorten, {mal~igo} abbreviation
{longitud/o} longitude
{lorn/o} field glass, binoculars
{lot/i} draw lots, {~umi} allot
{loteri/o} lottery, raffle
{lotus/o} lotus
{lu/i} rent, {~ebla} for rent, {~igi} rent out, {~anto} renter, tenant,
   {~prezo} rent money
{lucern/o} hanging (e.g., temple) lamp
{lud/i} play, {~o} game, {~ilo} toy
{luk/o} skylight; porthole
{luks/a} luxurious, deluxe, {~aj^o, ~(ec)o} luxury
{lukt/i} wrestle, struggle
{lul/i} lull, rock (baby), {~ilo} cradle, {~kanto} lullaby
{lum/o} light, {~i} shine, {~turo} ~house
{lun/o} moon, {~a} lunar
{lunc^/o} lunch, snack
{lund/o} Monday
{lup/o} wolf
{lupe/o} magnifying glass
{lustr/o} chandelier
{lut/i, ~o} solder

{mac/o} matzoh, unleavened bread
{mac^/i} chew, {re~ulo} ruminant, {~gumo} ~ing gum
{magazen/o} department store; warehouse
{magazin/o} popular magazine covering a variety of subjects
{magi/o} magic, {~a} ~al
{magistr/o} Master (of Arts, etc.)
{magnet/o} magnet, {~a} ~ic, {~igi} ~ize, {~ismo} ~ism
{magnetofon/o} tape recorder (sound)
{magnetoskop/o} video recorder
{magr/a} meager, skinny, skimpy
{mah^/o} Mach (aerospace)
{maiz/o} corn
{Maj/o} May
{majest/a} majestic, {~(ec)o} majesty
{major/o} major (rank)
{majoritat/o} majority
{majstr/o} maestro, master (of an art, trade, etc.)
{majuskl/o} capital letter
{makler/i} act as middleman, {~isto} broker,
   {~aj^o} brokerage, commission
{makrop/o} kangaroo
{maksimum/o, ~a} maximum, {~e} at the most
{makul/o, ~i} spot, stain
{makzel/o} jaw(bone)
{mal/} (prefix denoting direct opposite; see p. 82) {~e} on the contrary
{malari/o} malaria
{maleol/o} ankle
{malgrau^} in spite of
{malic/a} malicious, mischievous
{mam/o} breast, teat, {~besto, ~ulo} mammal, {~nutri} suckle,
   {~pinto} nipple, {~zono} bra
{man/o} hand, {~plato} palm, {~premi} shake hands,
   {~sak(et)o} handbag, {~signi} wave, {~umo} cuff
{mandat/o} mandate, {pos^t~o} money order
{mangostan/o} mangosteen
{mang^/i} eat, {~o} meal, {~aj^o} food
{Mang^uri/o} Manchuria
{manier/o} manner, way
{manifest/o} manifest, {~i} manifest
{manifestaci/o} demonstration (politics), {~i} demonstrate
{manik/o} sleeve
{manipul/i} manipulate, handle
{mank/i} be lacking, be missing, {~o} lack, shortage, shortcoming
{manovr/i, ~o} maneuver
{mansard/o} attic, garret
{mantel/o} cloak, mantle
{manuskript/o} manuscript
{map/o} map, {~aro} atlas
{mar/o} sea, {~armeo} navy, {~bordo} shore, seaside, {~isto} sailor
{marc^/o} marsh, swamp
{marc^and/i} haggle, bargain
{mard/o} Tuesday
{Margaret/o, ~a} Margaret
{marg^en/o} margin
{Mari/a} Mary, {~o} Mary; Marius, Mario
{marionet/o} marionette, puppet
{mark/i} mark, {~o} mark; Mark (name; also money);
   stamp (postage); {pos^t~o} postage stamp
{marmelad/o} marmalade, jam
{marmor/o, ~a} marble
{Mars/o} Mars
{mars^/i} walk, march
{Mart/o} March
{martel/o, ~i} hammer
{martir/o} martyr
{mas/o} lump, mass
{masag^/o, ~i} massage
{masakr/o, ~i} massacre
{masiv/a} massive
{mask/o, ~i} mask, {~(ar)ado} masquerade
{mason/i} build with stone, etc., {~isto} mason
{mast/o} mast
{mastr/o} master (over household, servants, etc.),
   {~i} be master over, dominate, {~umi} keep house, manage
{mas^/o} mesh (of net), loop
{mas^in/o} machine, engine, {~aro} machinery
{matc^/o} match, game (sports)
{matematik/o} mathematics, {~a} mathematical, {~isto} mathematician
{maten/o} morning, {~mang^o} breakfast
{materi/o} matter, {~a} material
{material/o} material, data, {krudaj ~oj} raw materials
{matur/a} mature, ripe, {~ig^i} ripen
{mebl/o} piece of furniture, {~aro} furniture, {~i} furnish
{mec^/o} wick; fuse (explosives)
{medal/o} medal
{medi/o} environment
{medicin/o} (practice of) medicine
{medikamento} medicine
{medit/i} meditate, think to oneself
{meger/o} shrew (woman), {~a} ~ish, "bitchy"
{meh^anik/o = mekaniko}
{mejl/o} mile
{mekanik/o} mechanics, {~a} mechanical, {~isto} mechanic
{melankoli/o, ~a} melancholy
{meleagr/o} turkey
{melk/i} milk
{melodi/o} melody, tune, {~a} tuneful
{melodram/o} melodrama, {~a} ~tic
{melon/o} melon
{mem} (my, your, his, etc.)self, -selves, {~evidenta} self-evident,
   {~stara} independent, {~vola} willing
{membr/o} member, {~eco} ~ship
{memor/i} remember, {~o} memory, {~igi} remind, {~inda} memorable
{menci/i, ~o} mention
{mend/o} order (for goods or services), {~i} order (goods, etc.);
   book, reserve (restaurant, hotel, etc.)
{mens/o} mind, {~a} mental
{mensog/i, ~o} (tell a) lie
{ment/o} mint (plant, flavor)
{menton/o} chin
{menu/o} menu
{merit/i} deserve, merit, {~o} merit
{merkat/o} market (finance), sales activity (not marketplace)
{merkred/o} Wednesday
{Merkur(i)o} Mercury
{merl/o} blackbird
{mes/o} Mass (religion)
{mesag^/o} message
{met/i} put, place, {(sur)~i} put on (clothes), {de~i} take off,
   {kun~i} put together, {sub~(ig^)i} submit
{metafor/o} metaphor
{metal/o, ~a} metal(lic)
{mete(or)/o} atmospheric phenomenon, {~ologo} meteorologist,
   {~ologio} meteorology
{meteorit/o} meteorite
{meti/o} handicraft, trade, {~ejo} workshop
{metod/o} method, {~a} ~ical, {~ista, ~isto} Methodist
{metr/o} meter, {~a} metric
{mev/o} seagull
{mez/o, ~a} middle, average, {~epoko} Middle Ages,
   {~ag^a} middle-aged, {~maro} Mediterranean Sea,
   {~nokto, nokto~o} midnight, {tag~o} noon
{mezur/i} measure, {~o} ~ment
{mi} I, me, {~a} my, mine
{miel/o} honey, {~a monato, ~luno} honeymoon
{mien/o} expression (face)
{migdal/o} almond, {~okula} ~eyed
{migr/i} migrate, roam, travel about, {el~i} emigrate,
   {en~i} immigrate, {~ema} migrant; "footloose"
{mikrob/o} microbe, germ
{mikrofon/o} microphone
{mikroskop/o} microscope
{miks/i} mix; shuffle (cards), {~aj^o} mixture
{mil} thousand, {~jaro, jar~o} millenium
{mild/a} mild, gentle
{milimetr/o} millimeter
{milit/o} war, {~a} military, {~i} wage war
{min/i, ~(ej)o} mine, {~isto} ~r
{minac/o, ~i} threat(en), menace
{mineral/o, ~a} mineral
{minimum/o, ~a} minimum, {~e} at the least
{ministeri/o} Ministry (govt. dept.)
{ministr/o} minister (head of govt. dept.), {~ejo} office of minister
{minoritat/o, ~a} minority
{minuskl/o} small (lower case) letter
{minut/o} minute
{miop/a} short-sighted, near-sighted
{miozot/o} forget-me-not
{mir/i} be amazed, marvel, wonder (at), {~igi} amaze, {~inda} wonderful
{mirag^/o} mirage
{mirakl/o} miracle, {~a} miraculous
{miriad/o} myriad
{mis/} (prefix denoting error; see p. 167) {~kompreni}
   misunderstand, {~pas^o} false step,
   {~kalkuli} miscalculate, {~decidi} make bad decision
{misi/o} mission, {~isto} ~ary
{mister/o} mystery, {~a} mysterious
{mistifik/i} trick, hoax, fool
{mistik/a} mystic(al)
{mit/o} myth, {~a} ~ical
{miting/o} (politics mass) meeting
{mitr/o} miter (headdress)
{mizer/a} miserable, wretched, {~o} misery
{mobiliz/i} mobilize
{mod/o} mode, fashion, {(lau^)~a} fashionable,
   {eks~a} old-fashioned, out of date
{model/o, ~a, ~i} model
{moder/a, ~igi} moderate, {~o} moderation
{modern/a} modern, {~igi} ~ize
{modest/a} modest, {~(ec)o} ~y
{modif/i} modify
{modl/i} model, mold (clay, etc.)
{mok/i} mock, jeer at, make fun of
{mol/a} soft
{moment/o} moment, {~a} ~ary
{mon/o} money, {~ero} coin, {~bileto} paper money,
   {~ujo} purse, wallet, {~ludi} gamble, {~puno} fine
{monah^/o} monk, {~ejo} monastery, {~ino} nun
{monat/o} month, {~a} ~ly
{mond/o} world, {tut~a} ~wide, {~milito} ~war, {~umo} high society
{monokl/o} monocle
{monopol/o} monopoly, {~igi} monopolize
{monoton/a} monotonous
{monstr/o} monster, {~a} monstrous
{mont/o} mountain, {~eto} hill, {~aro} (chain of) mountains
{montr/i} show, point (out), {~ig^i} turn out to be,
   {~ofenestro} show window
{monument/o} monument, {~a} ~al
{moped/o} moped
{mor/o} custom, mores
{moral/a} moral, {~o} ~s, {~eco} ~ity
{morbil/o} measles
{mord/i} bite, {~eti} nibble
{morgau^} tomorrow, {post~} day-after-tomorrow
{mormon/o, ~a} Mormon
{morn/a} mournful, gloomy
{mors/a} Morse code, {~i} send in Morse code
{mort/o} death, {~i} die, {~a} dead, {~ema} mortal, {~igi} kill
{morter/o} mortar (for building)
{moru/o} codfish, {~oleo} ~oil
{Mose/o} Moses
{moske/o} mosque
{moskit/o} mosquito
{Moskv/o} Moscow
{mos^t/o} general title for persons of high rank
{mot/o} motto
{motel/o} motel
{motiv/o} motive, reason
{motor/o} motor, engine
{mov/i} move (transitive verb.), {~ado} ~ment,
   {~ig^i} move (intransitive verb.)
{mucid/a} musty, moldy
{muel/i} grind (grain), pulverize, {~ejo} mill, {~isto} miller
{mug^/i} roar, howl
{muk/o} mucus, phlegm, {~a} mucous
{mul/o} mule
{muld/i} (cast in a) mold, {~ilo} mold
{mult/a} much, {~aj} many, {~e da} a lot of, {~ekosta} expensive,
   {~peza} weighty, {~obligi} duplicate (mimeo, etc.)
{multiplik/i} multiply (arithmetic)
{munici/o} (am)munition
{munt/i} mount, assemble (an apparatus), {mal~i} take apart
{mur/o} wall
{murd/i, ~o} murder
{murmur/i, ~o} murmur
{mus/o} mouse
{musk/o} moss
{musked/o, musket/o} musket
{muskol/o} muscle, {~a} muscular
{mustard/o} mustard
{mus^/o} fly (insect)
{mut/a} mute, speechless, {~ulo} mute
{muze/o} museum
{muzik/o} music, {~a} ~al, {~isto} ~ian, {~i} make music

{naci/o} nation, {~a} ~al, {~eco} ~ality, {inter~a} inter~al
{nadl/o} needle (compass, phono)
{naft/o} crude oil
{nag^/i} swim, {~baseno} ~ming pool
{naiv/a} naive, {mal~a} sophisticated
{najbar/o} neighbor, {~a} ~ing, nearby, {~eco} ~hood; ~liness
{najl/o, ~i} nail
{najtingal/o} nightingale
{nan/o, ~a} midget, dwarf
{narkot/i, ~ilo, ~aj^o} drug (narcotic)
{nask/i} give birth to, {~ig^i} be born, {~otago, ~ig^tago} birthday
{natur/o} nature, {~a} natural
{nau^} nine, {~a} ninth
{nau^z/o} nausea, {~a} nauseous, {~i} nauseate
{navig(aci)/i} navigate, {~ado} navigation
{naz/o} nose, {~a} nasal, {~truo} nostril, {~tuko} handkerchief
{nazi/o, ~a} Nazi
{ne} no, not, {~i} deny, {~e} negatively; as prefix: non-, un-, in-,
   etc.: {~ordinara} unordinary, {~atendite} unexpectedly,
   {~venkebla} invincible; {tute ne} not at all
{nebul/o} fog, mist
{neces/a} necessary, {~ejo} restroom, bathroom
{Nederland/o} The Netherlands, Holland, {~a} Dutch, {~ano} Dutchman
{neg/i = nei}
{negativo, ~a} negative (photo, etc.)
{neglekt/i} neglect
{negoc/o} business deal(ings), {~i} engage in business,
   negotiate a deal, {~isto} merchant, businessman
{negr/o, ~a} Negro
{neg^/o, ~i} snow, {~ero} ~flake, {~homo} ~man,
   {~buli} throw snowballs
{nek... nek... } neither... nor...
{nekrolog/o} obituary
{neni-} (forms correlative; see p. 127)
{neologism/o} neologism (proposed new word)
{neon/o, ~a} neon
{nep/o} grandson, {~ino} granddaughter
{nepr/e} without fail, definitely
{Neptun/o} Neptune
{nerv/o} nerve, {~(oz)a} nervous
{nest/o, ~i} nest
{net/a} finalized, cleanly cut; net (weight, etc.), {mal~o} (rough)
   draft (manuscript, etc.), {~igi} finalize, put in finished form,
   {~e} carefully prepared; in the final analysis
{neu^tral/a} neutral
{nev/o} nephew, {~ino} niece
{ni} we, {~a} our(s)
{nic^/o} niche
{nigr/a} black
{nilon/o, ~a} nylon
{nimb/o} nimbus, halo
{nit/o, ~i} rivet
{-nj/} (suffix used with names; see p. 168)
{nobel/o} nobleman, {~a} of noble birth
{nobl/a} noble, {~eco} ~ness
{noci/o} notion
{nod/o} knot
{nokt/o} night, {~a} nocturnal, {tra~i} spend the night,
   {mez~o, ~omezo} midnight
{nom/o, ~i} name
{nomad/o} nomad, {~a} ~ic
{nombr/o} number, amount, {~i} count
{nord/o} North, {~a} ~ern
{norm/o} norm, standard, {~a} normal
{normal/a} normal
{nostalgi/o} nostalgia
{not/i} (make a) note, {~o} note; grade (report card), {~libro} notebook
{nov/a} new, {~aj^o} a novelty, something new, {la ~aj^oj}
   the news, {~eco} newness, {re~igi} renew, {de~e} afresh
{Nov-Jork/o} New York
{novel/o} short story
{Novembr/o} November
{nu} well, now (interjection)
{nuanc/o} tint, hue, shade (color); nuance
{nub/o} cloud, {~a} ~y
{nud/a} nude, naked, bare
{nudel/o} noodles
{nuk/o} back of neck
{nukle/o} nucleus, {~a} nuclear
{nuks/o} nut
{nul/o} zero, null, "zilch," {~igi} cancel, annul
{numer/o} numeral, number in a series (house, magazine, etc.),
   {~i} assign a number
{nun} now, {~(temp)e} nowadays, currently, {~a} present, current
{nur} only, {~a} mere
{nutr/i} feed, nourish, {~aj^o} food, nourishment

{oaz/o} oasis
{obe/i} obey, {~ema} obedient
{objekt/o} object, thing
{-obl/} (Suff. denoting multiple; see p. 246)
{oblikv/a} oblique, slanting
{obscen/a} obscene
{obsed/i} obsess, {~o} ~ion
{observ/i} observe
{obstakl/o} obstacle
{obstin/i} be obstinate, persist, be stubborn, {~a} stubborn, obstinate
{obtuz/a} obtuse, dull
{ocean/o} ocean, {~a} ~ic
{od/o} ode
{odor/o} odor, smell, {~i} give off an odor; smell
{ofend/i} offend, {~ig^i} take offense
{ofer/i} offer up, sacrifice
{ofert/i} make an offer of, bid
{ofic/o} office, function, post, "job," {~isto} officer, official,
   {~ejo} office, place of work
{oficir/o} officer (military, etc.), {sub~o} noncom
{oficial/a} official
{ofset/o} offset printing
{oft/a} frequent, {~e} often, {mal~a} rare
{ok} eight, {~a} ~h
{okaz/i} occur, happen, {~(aj^)o} event, occasion, occurrence;
   opportunity, {~e} on occasion; by chance, {~igi} cause to take
   place, {en c^iu ~o} in any event, {en la okazo se... } in case...
{okcident/o} West, {~a} ~ern
{oksigen/o} oxygen
{Oktobr/o} October
{okul/o} eye, {~isto} oculist, ophthalmologist,
   {~umi} ogle, stare at, {~vitroj} ~glasses
{okult/a} occult
{okup/i} occupy, {~ita, ~ata} busy, {~(ad)o} occupation
{ol} than
{ole/o} oil
{oliv/o} olive
{om/o} Ohm
{omag^/o} homage, {~i} pay homage to
{omar/o} lobster
{ombr/o} shadow, shade, {~i} cast a shadow
{ombrel/o} umbrella
{omnibus/o} omnibus
{-on/} (suffix denoting fraction; see p. 115) {~o} fraction
{ond/o} wave, {~i} undulate, {~umi} wave (hair, etc.), corrugate,
   {~ego} billow
{oni} one, "they," people in general, {~diro} rumor
{onkl/o} uncle, {~ino} aunt
{-op/} (suffix denoting collective; see p. 209) {unu~e} one
   at a time, {unu~a} single
{opal/o} opal
{oper/o} opera
{operaci/o} (surgical) operation, {~i} operate
{opi/o} opium, {~aj^o} opiate
{opini/o} opinion, {~i} opine, think
{oportun/a} opportune, convenient, {~isto} opportunist
{opozici/o} opposition, {~i} be in opposition
{optimism/o} optimism, {~a} optimistic
{optimist/o} optimist
{or/o} gold, {~a} ~en, {~igi, ~umi} gild
{orakl/o} oracle
{orang^/o, ~a} orange (fruit, color)
{orator/o} orator, {~a} ~ical
{orbit/o} orbit
{ord/o} order (sequence, arrangement), {(en)~igi} put in order,
   arrange, {kun~igi} coordinate, {mal~o} disorder
{orden/o} order (religion or decoration)
{ordinar/a} ordinary, usual, common
{ordon/i, ~o} order, command
{orel/o} ear
{orf/o, ~a} orphan
{organ/o} organ (anatomy, publication)
{organik/a} organic
{organism/o} organism
{organiz/i} organize, {~(aj^)o} organization
{organizaci/o = organizaj^o}
{orgen/o} organ (music)
{orgi/o} orgy, {~a} orgiastic
{orient/o} East, {~a} ~ern, Oriental, {~i} orient
{origin/i} originate, {~o} origin
{original/o, ~a} original
{orkestr/o} orchestra, {~umi} ~te
{orkide/o} orchid
{ornam/o} ornament, {~a} ~al, {~i} adorn, decorate
{ort/a} right-angle, square, {~ilo} T-square, carpenter's square
{ortodoks/a} orthodox
{osced/i, ~o} yawn
{oscil/o} oscillate, {~ilo} oscillator, {~ografo} oscilloscope
{ost/o} bone, {g^is~a} diehard, dyed-in-thewool
{ostr/o} oyster
{ov/o} egg, {~aj^o} "eggs" (food)
{ovaci/o} ovation
{oval/a} oval
{ozon/o} ozone

{pac/o} peace, {~a} ~ful, {~ama} ~loving, {mal~(ig^)i} (get in a) quarrel
{pacienc/o} patience, {~a} patient, {~i} be patient
{pacient/o} patient (medical)
{Pacifik/o} Pacific Ocean
{Pac^j/o} (from {patro}) Dad (see p. 168)
{pad/o} path
{padel/o} paddle; blade (turbine, etc.), {~i} paddle
{paf/i} shoot, {~ilo} gun
{pag/i} pay, {~o} ~ment, {sen~e} free, gratis
{pagan/o, ~a} pagan
{pag^/o} page (book, etc.)
{pag^i/o} page (person)
{pajl/o} straw
{pak/i} pack, {~(et)o} parcel, package, {~aj^o} luggage
{pal/a} pale
{palac/o} palace
{paletr/o} (painter's) palette
{palis/o} stake, {~aro} palisade, fence, {~umi} impale
{palm/o} palmtree
{palp/i} feel (touch), grope
{palpebr/o} eyelid, {~umi} blink
{palt/o} heavy coat
{pamflet/o} (tendentious or scurrilous) pamphlet
{pan/o} bread, loaf, {~ero} crumb, {~akiranto} ~winner
{pane/i, ~o} break-down, malfunction, {sen~igi} fix
{panel/o} (control) panel, dash board; wainscot
{panik/o} panic
{Panj/o} (from {patrino}) Mom (see p. 168)
{pans/i} dress (wound)
{pantalon/o} trousers, pants
{pantafl/o} slipper
{pantomim/i, ~o} pantomime
{pap/o} pope
{papag/o, ~umi} parrot
{papaj/o} papaya, papaw
{papav/o} poppy
{papili/o} butterfly
{paprik/o} paprika
{par/o} pair, couple, {~a} even(numbered), {mal~a} odd
{parad/i, ~o} parade; display, {~a} pretentious
{paradiz/o} paradise
{paradoks/o} paradox, {~a} ~ical
{paragraf/o} paragraph
{paralel/a} parallel
{paraliz/o} paralysis, {~i} paralyze
{parametr/o} parameter
{paranoj/o} paranoia, {~a} paranoid
{paras^ut/o} parachute
{parazit/o} parasite
{parcel/o} parcel (land), lot
{pardon/i} pardon, forgive, {~o} pardon, {~peti} ask
   forgiveness, excuse oneself
{parenc/o} a relative, {~a} related, {~eco} relationship
{parentez/o} parenthesis, {~e} by the way
{parfum/o, ~i} perfume
{Pariz/o} Paris, {~ano} ~ian
{park/o, ~i} park
{parker/e} by heart, {~igi} memorize
{parlament/o} parliament, {~a} ~ary, {~ano} member of parliament
{paroh^/o, parok/o} parish, {~ano} ~ioner, {~(ism)a} parochial,
   {~estro} vicar, pastor
{parol/i} speak, talk, {~ado} speech, {~ema} talkative
{part/o} part, {~a} ~ial, {~opreni} take part, {~opago} installment
   payment, {plej~e} mostly, {la plej~o de} most of
{parter/o} parterre (lower floor of theater)
{parti/o} party (politics), side, faction, {~a} partial, biased,
   {sen~a} impartial
{particip/o} participle
{paru/o} titmouse
{parvol/o} wren
{pas/i} pass (intransitive verb.), {~igi} pass, {~ejo} ~ageway,
   gangway, gate, {~inteco} past, {trans~i} cross,
   {preter~i} pass up, go by, {for~i} pass away
{pasag^er/o} passenger
{paser/o} sparrow
{pasi/o} passion, {~a} ~ate, {sen~e} dis~ately
{Pask/o} Easter
{pasport/o} passport
{past/o} paste, dough
{pastec^/o} pate; (meat, etc.) pie
{pastor/o} pastor
{pastr/o} priest; clergyman
{pas^/o, ~i} step, stride, pace
{pas^t/i} feed (flock), {~isto} shepherd, {~ig^i} graze
{pat/o} frying pan
{patr/o} father, {~ino} mother, {~ujo} fatherland, {ge~oj} parents
{patriark/o} patriarch
{patriot/o} patriot, {~a} ~ic, {~ismo} ~ism
{patrol/o, ~i} patrol
{patron/o} patron, {~i} act as patron
{Pau^l/o} Paul, {~a, ~ino} Pauline, Paula
{pau^z/o} pause, recess, intermission, "break," {~i} pause, take a break
{pav/o} peacock, {~i} strut around, show off
{pavilon/o} pavilion
{pavim/i} pave, {~o} ~ment
{pec/o} piece; spare part
{Pec^j/o} Pete
{pedal/o, ~i} pedal
{pedik/o} louse
{peg/o} woodpecker
{pejzag^/o} landscape, scenery
{pek/i} sin, transgress, {~o} sin, transgression
{pekl/i} pickle
{pel/i} chase, shoo, {for~i} drive away
{pelt/o} fur piece, fur coat
{pelv/o} pelvis; basin
{pen/i} endeavor, try, make an effort, {~e} with effort
{pend/(ig)i} hang, {~umi} hang (execute), {de~i} depend,
   {sende~a} independent
{Penelop/o} Penelope
{penetr/i} penetrate, {ne~ebla} impenetrable
{penik/o} paintbrush
{penis/o} penis
{pens/i} think, {~o} thought, {el~i} invent,
   {pri~i} reflect on, think about
{pensi/o} pension (retirement), {~ulo} pensioner, retiree,
   {~ig^i} retire, go on pension
{pension/o} boarding house, boarding school
{pent/i} repent, {~o} ~ance, {~ofari} do penance
{Pentekost/o} Pentecost, Whitsunday
{pentr/i} paint (picture), {~isto} ~er, {~aj^o} ~ing
{peon/o} pawn (chess, etc.)
{pep/i} peep, chirp, twitter
{per} by (means of), with, through, {sen~e} directly,
   {~i} act as agent, {~anto} agent, {~labori} earn,
   {~forti} force {~forte} by force
{perd/i} lose, {~o} loss, {~ig^i} get lost
{perdrik/o} partridge
{pere/i} perish, {~igi} destroy, {~ig^o, ~igo} destruction
{perfekt/a, ~igi} perfect, {~eco} ~ion
{perfid/i} betray, {~o} ~al, treachery, {~(em)a} treacherous
{periferi/o} periphery, outskirts
{perimetr/o} perimeter, circumference
{period/o} period (time)
{periskop/o} periscope
{perl/o} pearl
{permes/i} permit, allow, {~o} permission, {~ilo} permit, license,
   {for~o} leave of absence; pass, furlough (military)
{peron/o} front steps of a building; railway platform
{perpleks/a} perplexed
{persekut/i} persecute, prosecute, pursue
{persik/o} peach
{persist/i} persist, persevere, {~a} persistent,
   {~ado, ~emo} perseverance
{person/o} person, {~a} ~al, {~eco} ~ality, {~oj} people
{perspektiv/o} perspective
{persvad/i} persuade, {~o} persuasion
{perturb/i} perturb, disquiet, interfere with, {~o} unrest, disquiet,
   disturbance; interference (radio)
{peruk/o} wig, hairpiece
{pervers/a} perverse
{pes/i} weigh (test weight of), {~ilo} scale
{pesimism/o} pessimism, {~a} pessimistic
{pesimist/o} pessimist
{pest/o} plague, pestilence
{pet/i} request, ask, beg, {mi ~as} please; you're welcome,
   {~egi} beseech, {~skribo} petition
{petal/o} petal
{petici/o} petition
{petol/a} petulant, frolicsome, {~i} frolic, "horse around,"
   {~ema} mischievous, playful
{Petr/o} Peter
{petrol/o} petroleum, {kruda ~o} crude oil, {lampa ~o} kerosene
{pez/a} heavy, {~i} be heavy, weigh, {~o} weight (heaviness),
   {~ilo} a weight
{pi/a} pious
{pian/o} piano, {~isto} pianist
{pied/o} foot, {~fingro} toe, {~bati} kick, {~iranto} pedestrian,
   {~pilko} football, soccer ball, {~premi} step on, {~pasi} tread
{pij^am/o} pyjamas
{pik/i} prick, sting, stab, {~o} prick, sting; spades (cards),
   {~drato} barbed-wire
{piknik/o, ~i} picnic
{pilgrim/i} go on pilgrimage, {~(ad)o} pilgrimage, {~anto} pilgrim
{pilk/o} ball (for playing)
{pilol/o} pill
{pilot/o, ~i} pilot
{pin/o} pine (tree)
{pinc^/i} pinch, {~ilo} pincers, tong
{pingl/o} pin; needle (on tree)
{pint/o} point, peak, summit, {~a} pointed
{pioc^/o} pick-axe
{pionir/o} pioneer
{pip/o} pipe (tobacco)
{pipr/o, ~i} pepper
{pir/o} pear
{piramid/o} pyramid
{pirat/o} pirate, {aer~o} skyjacker
{pist/i} pound, crush, {~ilo} pestle
{pistol/o} pistol; spray gun
{pis^t/o} piston
{pitoresk/a} picturesque
{pivot/i, ~o} pivot
{piz/o} pea
{plac/o} public square, plaza
{plac^/i} be pleasing, please, {kiel plac^as al vi... ?} how do
   you like... ?, {~a} pleasing, {lau^~e} as desired, as you like
{plad/o} dish, platter; course
{plafon/o} ceiling
{plag/o} calamity, scourge, {~i} plague, afflict
{plag^/o} bathing beach
{plan/i} plan, {~o} plan, diagram; plane;
   {unua ~o} closeup (photography), {granda ~o} long shot,
   {antau^~o} foreground, {malantau^a ~o} background
{pland/o} sole (foot), {~umo} sole (shoe)
{planed/o} planet, {~a} ~ary
{plank/o} floor
{plant/o, ~i} plant, {~ejo} ~ation
{plasm/o} plasma
{plast/o, ~a} plastic
{plastr/o} plaster (dressing)
{plat/a} flat, {~o} plate, slab, {~aj^o} plateau
{platform/o} platform
{plau^d/i} splash, plash, lap
{pled/i} plead (law)
{plej} most, -est (see p. 111), {~parto} greatest part, great majority
{plekt/i} plait, wreathe, twine
{plen/a} full, complete, {~igi} fill up, {~umi} fulfill, accomplish,
   {~luno} full moon, {~ag^a, ~kreska} full-grown, adult,
   {~plena} full to overflowing, {~bus^o} mouthful, {~mano} handful
{plend/i} complain, {~o} ~t
{plezur/o} pleasure, {~iga} pleasurable
{pli} more, -er (see p. 111), {~ poste} later on, {mal~} less,
   {~mal~} more or less, {~multo} majority, {~igi} increase,
   {~bonigi} improve, {~altigi} raise
{plong^/i} dive, plunge, {~isto} diver
{plor/i} weep, cry
{plu} further, more, {~e} furthermore, {ne ~} no longer,
   {kaj tiel plu, k.t.p.} etc.
{plug/i, ~ilo} plough
{plum/o} feather; pen
{plumb/o, ~a} lead
{plur/aj} several, {~a} plural
{plus} plus, {~o} sur~
{pluv/i, ~o} rain, {~egi} rain cats and dogs, pour
{pneu^moni/o} pneumonia
{po} at the rate of (see p. 133), {~grande} wholesale,
   {~malgrande} retail
{podi/o} podium, platform
{poem/o} poem
{poent/o} point (score)
{poet/o} poet
{poezi/o} poetry, {~a} poetic
{pokal/o} goblet; fancy cup
{poker/o} poker (game)
{pol/o} Pole, {~a} Polish, {~io, ~ujo, ~lando} Poland
{polemik/o} controversy, {~i} engage in controversy
{polic/o} police, {~ano} ~man, {~estro} chief of police
{polis/o} (insurance) policy
{politik/o} politics; policy, {~a} political
{polk/o} polka
{polp/o} octopus
{polur/o} polish, luster, {~i} polish
{polus/o} (North, South; positive, negative) pole, {~a} polar
{polv/o} dust, {~osuc^ilo} vacuum cleaner
{pom/o} apple, {ter~o} potato
{pomp/o} pomp, splendor, {~a} resplendent
{ponard/o} dagger
{pont/o} bridge
{popl/o} poplar
{popol/o} a people, folk, {~amaso} the masses,
   {~kanto} folk song, {inter~a} people-to-people
{popular/a} popular
{por} for, in order to, {~ ke} so that
{porci/o} portion, {~umi, ~igi} ration out
{pord/o} door, gate
{pork/o} pig, {~aj^o} pork
{pornografi/o, ~aj^o} pornography, {~a} pornographic
{port/i} carry, wear, {al~i} bring, {trans~i} transport,
   {el~i} carry out, put up with, endure
{portik/o} portico, ornate porch/entryway
{portret/o} portrait
{posed/i} possess, own, {~(aj^)o} ~ion, property
{post} after, behind, {~e} afterwards, {~skribo} P.S.,
   {~tagmezo} afternoon, {~lasi} leave behind,
   {~aj^o} backside, rump, {~eulo} successor, {de~} since
{posten/o} post, duty station, {~i} stand guard, be on duty
{postul/i} demand, require
{pos^/o} pocket, {~tuko} handkerchief
{pos^t/o} mail, post, {~marko} postage stamp, {~karto} postcard,
   {~stampo} cancellation, {~(ofic)ejo} post office,
   {~aj^o} a piece of mail, {~isto} mailman
{pot/o} pot, {~isto} ~ter, {~aj^o} ~tery
{potenc/o} power, {~a} ~ful
{pou^p/o} stern, poop(deck)
{pov/i} be able, can, {~o} ability, {c^eval~o} horsepower,
   {c^io~a} almighty
{poz/i, ~o} pose (picture; pretense)
{pozici/o} position
{pozitiv/a, ~o} positive
{pra/} (prefix denoting other generation; see p. 211),
   {~patro} forefather, {~avo} great-grandfather, {~nepo}
   greatgrandson, {~tipo} prototype, {~historio} prehistory
{praktik/a} practical, {~i} practice (profession, etc.),
   {~o} (actual) practice
{pram/o} (small) ferry, {~s^ipo} ferryboat
{prav/a} right, {mal~a} wrong, {~i} be right
{precip/e} especially, mainly, {~a} principal, predominant
{preciz/a} precise, {~e} ~ly, exactly, {~eco} precision, exactness
{predik/i} preach, {~(aj^)o} sermon, {~isto} preacher
{prefer/i} prefer
{prefiks/o} prefix
{preg^/i} pray, {~o} ~er, {~ejo} church
{preleg/i, ~o} lecture
{prem/i} (op)press, squeeze, {man~o} handshake
{premi/i} award a prize, {~o} prize, premium
{pren/i} take, get, lay hold of, {ek~i} grasp, {~ilo} tongs,
   {c^irkau^~i} embrace
{prepar/i} prepare {~a} preparatory, preliminary, {~o} preparation
{prepozici/o} preposition
{preri/o} prairie
{pres/i} print (type), {~aj^o} ~ed matter, {~isto} ~er,
   {~ilo} press, {~prov(aj^)o} proof, {~litero(j)} type
{preskau^} almost, nearly
{prestig^/o} prestige, glamor, {~a} prestigious, glamorous
{pret/a} ready, finished, {~igi} prepare, {~ig^i} get ready
{pretekst/o} pretext, {~i} pretend, give as an excuse
{pretend/i} claim, make a pretense, presume to,
   {~o} claim, pretense, presumption
{preter} beyond, straight past, {~pasi} pass by, overtake,
   {~lasi} omit, leave out
{prez/o} price, {~listo} price~list
{prezent/i} present, introduce, {~ado} presentation
{prezid/i} preside, {~anto} president, chairman
{pri} about, concerning; (as prefix see p. 301),
   {~skribi} describe, {~paroli} discuss
{primitiv/a} primitive
{primol/o} primrose
{princ/o} prince, {~ido} prince's son, {~ino} princess
{princip/o} principle, {~e} in principle
{printemp/o} spring(time)
{prism/o} prism
{privat/a} private
{privilegi/o} privilege, {~a} ~d
{pro} on account of, for, because of, {~peti} plead for,
   intercede, {~ tio, ke} for the reason that
{probabl/a} probable
{problem/o} problem
{proced/i} proceed, {~o} process, procedure
{procent/o} percent(age), interest rate, {~aj^o} commission,
   {10 procentoj} 10%
{proces/o} lawsuit, {~i} sue, litigate, go to court
{procesi/o} procession
{produkt/o} product, {~i} produce, {~ado} production, {~isto} producer
{profan/i} profane, defile
{profesi/o} profession, {~a} ~al
{profesor/o} professor
{profet/o} prophet, {~i} prophesy, {~aj^o} prophecy
{profil/o} profile
{profit/i, ~o} profit
{profund/a} deep, profound, {~(ec)o, ~aj^o} depth
{prognoz/o} prognosis, forecast, {~i} forecast
{program/o} program (series of events), {~ero} item on a program
{progres/i, ~o} progress
{projekci/i} project, {~ilo} ~or, {~isto} ~ionist
{projekt/o} project, plan, scheme, {~i} plan, make a project of
{proklam/i} proclaim, {~(ad)o, ~aj^o} proclamation
{prokrast/i} delay, put off, {~o} delay, {~emo} procrastination,
   {sen~e} without delay
{proksim/a} near(by), next, {mal~a} distant,
   {(al)~ig^i} come close(r), {~ume} approximately
{prokuror/o} public prosecutor, prosecuting attorney
{prolet/o} proletarian, member of the lower class, {~aro} the proletariat
{proletari/o = proleto}
{prolog/o} prologue
{promen/i} go for a walk, stroll; (less freq.: go for a ride),
   {~ado} stroll, walk, etc., {~ejo} promenade, {~anto} stroller
{promes/i, ~o} promise
{promoci/i} promote, {~o} promotion
{prononc/i} pronounce, {~o} pronunciation
{propagand/o} propaganda, publicity, {~i} publicize, advertise,
   {~aj^o} publicity material
{propon/i} propose, suggest, offer, {~o} proposal, offer
{proporci/o} proportion, ratio, {~a} proportional
{propr/a} (my, your, etc.) own, personal, {~aj^o} property,
   {~avole} voluntarily
{prospekt/o} prospectus
{prosper/i} prosper, be successful, {~o} prosperity, success,
   {prosperis al mi... } I managed to...
{prostitu/i, ~itino} prostitute
{protein/o} protein
{protekt/i} protect, {~anto} patron, {~ato} protege,
   {~(ism)a} protectionist
{protest/i, ~o} protest
{protestant/a, ~o} Protestant
{protokol/o} minutes (meeting)
{proton/o} proton
{prototip/o} prototype
{prov/i} try, test, {~aj^o} trial, test
{proverb/o} proverb
{provinc/o} province
{proviz/i} provide, supply {~o} supply
{provizor/a} temporary, provisional, {~e} for the time being
{provok/i} provoke, incite
{proz/o} prose
{pru/o} prow, bow (ship)
{prud/a} prudish, {~ul(in)o} prude
{prudent/a} prudent, reasonable, {~o} good sense
{prun/o} plum
{prunt/i} borrow, loan, lend: {~edoni} lend, {~epreni} borrow
{pruv/i} prove, {~o} proof
{psalm/o} psalm, {~aro} the Psalms
{pseu^donim/o} pseudonym
{psik/a} psychic
{psikiatr/o} psychiatrist, {~a} psychiatric, {~io} psychiatry
{psikolog/o} psychologist, {~a} psychological, {~io} psychology
{ptm. = posttagmeze,} p.m.
{publik/o, ~a} public, {~igi} publish
{puding/o} pudding
{pudor/o} modesty, chaste behavior
{pudr/o, ~i} (cosmetic) powder
{puf/o} puff, swelling, {~igi} puff out, {~ig^i} puff up
{pugn/o} fist, {~obati} punch
{pul/o} flea
{puli/o} pulley
{pulm/o} lung
{pulmonari/o} pulmonaria (lungwort plant)
{pulover/o} pullover sweater
{puls/o} pulse, {~i} pulsate, throb
{pulv/o} gunpowder
{pulvor/o} powder, {~a} ~y, {~igi} pulverize
{pump/i, ~ilo} pump
{pun/i} punish, {~o} ~ment, {mon~o} fine
{punc^/o} punch (drink)
{pund/o} pound (money)
{punkt/o} point, dot, period, {~i} punctuate
{punt/o} lace
{pup/o} doll, (hand) puppet
{pupitr/o} (school) desk, lectern
{pur/a} clean, pure, {~igi} clean, {~eco} cleanliness, purity
{purgatori/o} purgatory
{puritan/o, ~a} puritan
{purpur/a} purple
{pus/o} pus, {~i} discharge pus
{pus^i, {~o} push, {~ig^i kun} run into, {re~i} repulse,
   {~veturilo} wheelbarrow
{put/o} well
{putin/o} whore
{putr/i} rot, {~a} ~ten

{rab/i} rob, {~isto} ~ber, {~aj^o} booty, {~(o)besto} beast of prey
{rabat/o} discount, rebate, {~i} deduct a discount
{raben/o} rabbi
{rabi/o} rabies, {~a} rabid, mad
{raci/a} rational, {~o} logical reasoning
{rad/o} wheel
{radar/o} radar
{radi/o} radio; ray, beam, {~i} radiate, {~isto} radioman
{radik/o} root, {el~igi} eradicate
{radikal/a, ~ulo} (politics) radical, {~o} (math.) radical
{radiofoni/o} wireless telegraph
{radium/o} radium
{radius/o} radius
{rafan/o} radish
{rafin/i} refine, {~ejo} ~ry
{ragu/o} ragout, stew
{raj/o} skate, stingray
{rajd/i} ride
{rajt/i} be entitled to, {~o} a right, {~igi} authorize,
   {C^u mi ~as... } May I (= Is it all right if I... )
{raket/o} rocket
{rakont/i} relate, tell (a story, etc.), {~o} story, tale
{rambutan/o} rambutan (tree)
{ramp/i} crawl, creep
{ran/o} frog
{rand/o} edge, rim, brim
{rang/o} rank, grade, rate (military, etc.)
{ranunkol/o} buttercup
{rapid/a} fast, quick, {~i} go fast, hurry, {~(ec)o} speed,
   {~umo} gear, {mal~a} slow, {~limo} speed limit
{raport/o, ~i} report
{rapsodi/o} rhapsody
{rar/a} rare, precious
{ras/o} race, breed, {~ismo} racism
{rasp/i} rasp, grate
{rast/i, ~ilo} rake
{rat/o} rat
{rau^k/a} hoarse
{rau^p/o} caterpillar
{rav/i} delight, {~a} ~ful
{raz/i} shave (transitive verb.), {~ilo} razor
{razen/o} lawn
{re/} (prefix see p. 92), {~veni} return, {~doni} give back,
   {~iri} go back, {~agi} react, {~vidi} see again,
   {g^is la ~vido} so long, {~e} again, {~en} back(wards)
{reakci/o} reaction (physics, politics), {~a, {~ulo} reactionary
{real/a} real, practical, {~isto} ~ist, {~ig^i} come true,
   {~igi} produce (film, etc.)
{recenz/i, ~o} review (book, etc.)
{recept/o} recipe, prescription
{reciprok/a} reciprocal, mutual, {~i} reciprocate
{redakci/o} editorial dept.
{redakt/i} edit, {~isto} ~or
{redaktor/o = redaktisto}
{redingot/o} frock coat
{redukt/i} reduce (transitive verb.)
{referenc/o} reference (bibliographical, testimonial)
{reflekt/i} reflect (light, sound)
{reflektor/o} car headlight
{refut/i} refute
{reg/i} rule, govern, reign, control, {~anto} ruler, {~istaro} government
{regal/i} entertain, treat, {~o} treat
{regiment/o} regiment
{region/o} region, {~a} ~al
{registr/o} register, record, {~i} record (document, sound, video, etc.)
{regn/o} realm, kingdom, sovereign country, {~estro} head of state
{regul/o} rule, {~a} regular, {~igi} regulate, {~aro} rules, regulations
{reg^/o} king, {~ino} queen, {~a} royal, regal, {~lando} kingdom
{reg^im/o} regime
{reg^isor/o} stage-manager
{reklam/i} advertise, {~o} ~ment
{rekomend/i} recommend; register (mail)
{rekompenc/o} reward, compensation, {~i} reward, compensate
{rekord/o} record (world's, etc.)
{rekrut/o, ~i} recruit
{rekt/a} direct, straight
{rektor/o} rector (school)
{rekvir/i = rekvizicii}
{rekvizici/i} seize, exact, requisition
{rel/o} rail (train)
{relativ/a} relative (not absolute)
{religi/o} religion, {~a} religious
{rem/i} row, {~ilo} oar, {~boato} ~boat
{rembur/i} upholster, pad, stuff, {~isto} upholsterer
{rempar/o} rampart
{ren/o} kidney
{rendevu/o} rendezvous, appointment, date,
   {~i} meet (by arrangement)
{renkont/i} meet, encounter (transitive verb.),
   {~ig^i} meet (intransitive verb.)
{renom/o} renown, fame
{rent/o} return on investment, {~umo} interest
{renvers/i} upset, overthrow, turn upside down
{repertuar/o} repertoire
{reprezent/i} represent, {~anto} ~ative
{reptili/o} reptile
{reputaci/o} reputation
{respekt/i} {~o} respect, {~inda} ~able
{respektiv/a} respective
{respond/i} respond, reply, answer, {~eco} responsibility,
   {~eci pri} be responsible for
{respublik/o} republic, {~a, ~ano} ~an
{rest/i} remain, stay, {~(aj^)o} remainder, rest
{restoraci/o} restaurant
{ret/o} net, network
{resum/o} summary, {~i} summarize
{retorik/o} rhetoric, oratory
{reu^matism/o} rheumatism
{rev/i, ~o} daydream, {~(o)lando} dreamland,
   {el~ig^i} be disappointed, disillusioned
{revizor/o} government inspector, auditor
{revoluci/o} revolution, {~a} ~ary
{revolver/o} revolver
{revu/i} review (soldiers, etc.), {~o} journal, review
   (magazine on specialized subject)
{rezerv/i} (keep in) reserve
{rezign/i} give up, renounce
{rezist/i} resist, withstand, {ne~ebla} irresistible
{rezoluci/o} resolution, motion (meeting)
{rezult/o, ~i} result, {~igi} bring about
{rezultat/o} conclusion; result (of a process)
{ribel/i} rebel, revolt, {~o} rebellion, mutiny, revolt,
   {~ema} rebellious, insubordinate
{ricev/i} receive, get
{ric^/a} rich, well-off, {~ulo} rich man
{rid/i, ~o} laugh, {~ado} ~ter, {~eti} smile, {~inda} ridiculous
{rif/o} reef (rocks)
{rifug^/i} take refuge, {~into} refugee, {~ejo} shelter, place of refuge
{rifuz/i} refuse, {~o} refusal
{rigard/i} look at, regard; consider (deem), {ek~i} glance
{rigid/a} stiff, rigid
{rigl/i, ~ilo} bolt (door)
{rigor/o} rigor, {~a} ~ous, stringent
{rinkan/i} sneer, grin knowingly
{rikolt/i, ~(aj^)o} harvest
{rilat/i} relate (have reference) to, {~e al} with reference to
{rim/o, ~(ig)i} rhyme
{rimark/i, ~o} notice, {~igi al} bring to (someone's) attention,
   {~inda} remarkable
{rimed/o} means, remedy, resource
{rimen/o} strap
{ring/o} ring, {orel~o} ear~
{rip/o} rib
{ripar/i} repair, fix
{ripet/i} repeat
{ripoz/i, ~o} rest, repose, {~ejo} resting place; waiting room
{riproc^/i} reproach, scold, rebuke, "tell off," {~inda} reprehensible
{risk/i, ~o} risk, hazard
{risort/o} spring (mechanics)
{rit/o} rite, {~a} ritualistic, {~aro} ritual
{ritm/o} rhythm, {~a} ~ic
{rival/o, ~i} rival
{rivel/i} reveal; develop (photo)
{river/o} river, {~eto} stream
{riverenc/i} {~o} bow, curtsy; obeisance
{riz/o} rice, {~okamp} ~field
{rob/o} dress, robe, gown, {sub~o} slip
{Robert/o} Robert
{robot/o} robot
{rod/i} gnaw
{rododendr/o} rhododendron
{rok/o} rock
{rol/o} role, part (acting), {~anto} character (in play, etc.)
{Rom/o} Rome
{roman/o} novel
{romantik/a} romantic, {~o} ~ism
{romb/o} rhombus
{romp/(ig^)i} break, {~ig^ema} breakable, brittle, {inter~i} interrupt
{rond/a} round, {~o} circle
{rong^/i} gnaw, nibble, {~ulo} rodent
{ronk/i} snore
{ros/o} dew
{rost/i} roast (meat, etc.), toast (bread)
{rostbif/o} roastbeef
{rostr/o} (elephant's) trunk; proboscis
{rot/o} squad (military), gang
{Rotari/o} Rotary
{roz/o} rose, {~(kolor)a} pink
{rozari/o} rosary
{rub/o} rubbish, debris, rubble, {~ujo} garbage can, {~ejo} garbage dump
{ruband/o} ribbon
{rubekol/o} robin
{ruben/o} ruby
{Rubikon/o} Rubicon
{rubl/o} rouble (money)
{rubrik/o} column (newspaper or magazine feature) or its heading
{rug^/a} red, {~ig^i} blush
{ruin/o, ~igi} ruin
{rukt/i} belch, burp
{rul/(ig^)i} roll, {~s^uo} ~erskate
{rum/o} rum
{rus/o} {~a} Russian, {~io, ~ujo} Russia
{rust/o, ~i} rust
{Rut/o} Ruth
{rutin/o} routine, sheer habit
{ruz/a} sly, cunning, {~o} trick, ruse

{sabat/o} Saturday; Sabbath
{sabl/o} sand, {~ero} grain of ~
{sadism/o} sadism, {~a} sadistic
{sadist/o} sadist
{sag/o} arrow
{sagac/a} shrewd, astute
{sag^/a} wise, {~(ec)o} wisdom, {~umi} split hairs; show off, act wise
{sak/o} sack, bag, {~strato} dead-end street
{sakr/i} cuss
{sakrament/o} sacrament
{saksofono/o} saxophone
{sal/o, ~i} salt, {~ero} grain of ~, {~ujo} ~shaker
{salajr/o} salary, wages
{salat/o} salad
{sald/o} balance (account), {~i} strike a balance
{salik/o} willow
{salikok/o} prawn, {~eto} shrimp
{saliv/o} saliva, {~i} salivate, {~umi} slobber
{salm/o} salmon
{Salomon/o} Solomon
{salon/o} salon; sitting room, parlor
{salt/i, ~o} jump, leap, {~eti} hop, {ek~i} start (pain, surprise, etc.)
{salut/i} greet, salute, {~o} greeting, {~on!} Hello!
{sam/a} same, {~e} equally, {mal~a} different, {~ideano}
   fellow-thinker, fellow Esperantist, {~landano} compatriot
{Samaritan/o} Samaritan
{samovar/o} samovar
{san/a} healthy, well, {~o} health, {~i} be well, {mal~a} ill,
   {mal~o} disease, {mal~i} be ailing, {mal~ulo} patient,
   {mal~ulejo} hospital, {(re)~igi} heal, cure
{sandal/o} sandal
{sang/o} blood, {~a} ~y, {~i} bleed, {sen~a, ~omanka} bloodless, anemic
{sankci/o, ~i} sanction
{sankt/a} sacred, holy, {~ulo} saint, {~igi} sanctify
{sap/o, ~umi} soap
{sardel/o} sardine (pickled)
{sark/i} weed out
{sarkasm/a} sarcastic, {~o} sarcasm
{sarong/o} sarong
{sat/a} satisfied, "full" (food), {mal~a} hungry, {mal~(eg)o} famine
{Satan/o} Satan, {~a} ~ic
{satelit/o} satellite
{sau^c/o} sauce, gravy
{sav/i} save, rescue, {~zono} lifebelt, safety belt, {~boato} lifeboat
{scen/o} scene, {~ejo} stage
{sci/i} know, know how, {~igi} inform, let know, {~ig^i} find out,
   learn of, {~povi} know how, {~voli} wonder, want to know,
   {~vola} curious, inquisitive, {~vol(em)e} inquisitively
{scienc/o} science, {~isto} scientist
{sciur/o} squirrel
{se} if
{seb/o} suet, tallow
{sed} but
{seg/i} {~ilo} saw
{seg^/o} chair
{sek/a, ~igi} dry, {mal~ig^i} get wet
{sekal/o} rye
{sekci/o} section
{sekret/o, {~a} secret
{sekretari/o} secretary
{seks/o} sex, {~kunig^o} copulation, {~umi} have sex
{sekt/o} sect
{sekund/o} second (1/60 of minute)
{sekur/a} secure, safe, {~eco} security
{sekv/i} follow, {~o} consequence, {~e} consequently,
   {~(ant)a, ~inta, ~onta} next, {sin~e} consecutively
{sel/o} saddle, {en~ig^i} mount up
{sem/i} sow, {~o} seed, {dis~i} disseminate
{semajn/o} week, {c^iu~e} weekly
{sen} without, {~dube} undoubtedly, {~c^ese} ceaselessly,
   {~fine} endlessly, {~intenca} unintentional, {~bezona}
   needless, {~igi de} deprive of, {~tau^ga} good-for-nothing
{senc/o} sense, meaning, {sen~aj^o} nonsense
{send/i} send; transmit (radio, etc.)
{sensaci/o} sensation, {~a} ~al
{sent/i} feel, {~o} ~ing, sensation, {kun~o} sympathy
{sentenc/o} wise saying, proverb
{sentiment/o} sentiment, {~a} ~al
{sep} seven, {~a, ~ono} ~th
{sepi/a, ~(aj^)o} sepia
{seps/a} septic, infected, {kontrau^~a} antiseptic
{Septembr/o} September
{ser/o} serum
{serc^/i} search, look for
{seren/a} serene, untroubled
{serenad/o} serenade
{serg^ent/o} sergeant
{seri/o} series, {~a} serial
{serioz/a} serious, earnest
{serpent/o} serpent, snake, {~umi} wind around, meander
{serum/o} serum
{serur/o} lock, {~isto} ~smith
{serv/i} serve, {~o} service, {~isto} servant
{servut/o} servitude, serfdom, {~ulo} serf
{ses} six, {~a, ~ono} ~th
{sesi/o} session
{sever/a} severe, strict
{sezon/o} season (of year)
{sfer/o} sphere
{si} (see p. 137), {~ngardo} caution, {~ndone} selflessly, devotedly,
   {~nteno} attitude
{Siberi/o} Siberia
{sibl/i} hiss
{sid/i} sit, {~ig^i} sit down, {~loko} seat (theater, etc.)
{sieg^/i} besiege, {~o} siege
{sigel/i, ~o} seal
{sign/o} sign
{signal/o, ~i} signal
{signif/o} signify, mean, {~o} meaning
{silab/o} syllable
{silent/a} silent, {~o} silence
{silk/o} silk
{siluet/o} silhouette
{simbol/o} symbol, {~i} ~ize
{simetri/o} symmetry, {~a} symmetric
{simfoni/o} symphony, {~a} symphonic
{simi/o} monkey, ape
{simil/a} similar, like, {~eco} similarity, {mal~a} different
{simpati/o} sympathy, {~a} sympathetic
{simpl/a} simple, {~igi} simplify, {mal~a} complex
{simptom/o} symptom
{sin/o} bosom
{s-ino} abbreviation for {sinjorino}
{sinagog/o} synagogue
{sincer/a} sincere, {~(ec)o} sincerity
{sindikat/o} syndicate; labor union
{singult/i, ~o} hiccup
{sinjor/o} Mr., Sir, gentleman; Lord, {~ino} Mrs., Madam, lady
{siring/o} lilac
{sirop/o} syrup
{sistem/o} system, {(lau^)~a} ~atic
{sitel/o} bucket, pail
{situ/i} be situated, {~o} site
{situaci/o} situation, circumstance(s)
{skal/o} scale (map, measure, etc.)
{skandal/o} scandal; commotion; shocking occurrence
{Skani/o} Scania
{skarab/o} beetle, {maj~o} june bug
{skatol/o} box, {lad~o} (tin) can (food)
{skelet/o} skeleton
{skem/o} scheme; model, pattern
{skeptik/a} skeptical, {~ulo} skeptic
{ski/o, ~kuri} ski
{skism/o} schism
{skiz/o, ~i} sketch
{sklav/o} slave
{skol/o} school (of thought, art, etc.)
{skolt/o} boy scout
{skorpi/o} scorpion
{skot/o} Scot, {~lando}} ~land, {~a} ~tish, scotch
{skrap/i} scrape
{skrib/i} write, {pri~i} describe, {sub~i} sign, {~mas^ino} typewriter,
   {~(o)tablo} desk
{sku/i} shake (transitive verb.), shock
{slav/o,~a} Slav(ic)
{slip/o} slip (paper), filing card, {~aro} file
{smerald/o} emerald
{snob/o, ~a} snob(bish)
{sobr/a} sober, temperate
{soci/a} social, {~o} society (community of persons),
   {~eto} society (organization)
{social/a} social, {~ismo} ~ism
{sof/o} sofa
{soif/o} thirst, {~i} be ~y
{sojl/o} threshold
{sokl/o} supporting base (for statue, wall, etc.)
{sol/a} sole, alone, {~e} solely, only, {~eca} solitary, lonely,
   {~o} solo (music), {~isto} soloist
{soldat/o} soldier; (chess) pawn
{solen/a} solemn, ceremonious, {~i} observe with ceremony
{solid/a} solid
{solidar/a} jointly responsible, standing together, {~(ec)o} solidarity
{solv/i} solve, dissolve, {~o} solution
{somer/o} summer, {~domo} ~house
{son/i, ~o} sound, {bel~a} euphonious, {~bendo} audio tape
{sonat/o} sonata
{song^/i, ~o} dream (asleep)
{sonor/i} ring (intransitive verb.), {~a} sonorous, {~ilo} bell
{sopir/i} long for, yearn, {~o} longing
{sopran/o} soprano
{sorb/i} absorb; sip (as through a straw), {~a} absorbent,
   {~a papero} blotter
{sorc^/o} sorcery, {~i} bewitch, {~istino} witch, {en~iga} enchanting
{sort/o} destiny, fate, fortune
{sovag^/a} wild, savage, {mal~a} tame
{sov(j)et/a} Soviet, {Sovet-Unio} the USSR
{spac/o} space
{spad/o} (dress) sword, rapier
{spark/o} spark (elec.), {~ilo} spark plug
{spasm/o} spasm
{spec/o} kind, sort, species
{special/a} (e)special
{specif(ik)/i} specify, {~a} specific
{specimen/o} specimen, sample
{spegul/o} mirror, {~i} reflect
{spekt/i} watch as spectator, {~anto} spectator
{spektakl/o} spectacle, show
{spert/o} experience, {~a} ~d, expert, {~ulo} expert
{spez/i} transact money; {el~i} pay out, {en~i} take in,
   {en~o(j)} income, {el~o(j)} expenses, {~ado} cash flow
{spic/o, ~i} spice, {~isto} grocer
{spin/o} spine
{spinac/o} spinach
{spion/o, ~i} spy
{spir/i, ~o} breath(e), {en~i} inhale, {el~i} exhale, {~ado} respiration
{spirit/o} spirit, {~a} ~ual, {~ismo} spiritualism
{spit/o} spite, defiance, {~i} defy, {~e} defiantly, in (de)spite
{splen/o} ill humor, "the blues"
{split/o} splinter, {~i} splinter, split (transitive verb.)
{spong/o} sponge, {~(ec)a} spongy
{spont(an)/a, spontane/a} spontaneous
{sporad/a} sporadic
{sport/o} sport, {~isto} ~sman; athlete
{sprit/o} wit, {~a} ~ty, lively, {mal~a} dull, stupid
{spron/o, ~i} spur
{spur/o} trace, track (left by animals, etc.)
{sputnik/o} Sputnik
{s-ro} abbreviation for {sinjoro}
{stab/o} staff (military, etc.)
{stabil/a} stable
{stabl/o} (work)bench, trestle, easel
{staci/o} station, {~domo} (large railway) station house
{stadi/o} stage (of development); stadium
{stadion/o} stadium
{stafet/o} relay rider, relay racer
{stagn/i} stagnate
{stal/o} stall for animals
{stamp/i} stamp, mark
{stan/o, ~a} tin
{standard/o} standard (flag)
{stang/o} pole, rod
{star/i} stand, {ek~i} stand up
{start/i} start off, {~igilo} starter
{stat/o} state, condition, {bon~a} in good condition
{statist/i} play a small part (play, etc.), {~o} bit-player,
   supporting actor
{statistik/o} statistics
{statu/o} statue
{statur/o} stature
{statut/o} regulations, by-laws
{steb/i} stitch, quilt
{Stefan/o} Steven
{stel/o} star, {~eto} footnote star (*); asterisk
{stenograf/i} write shorthand, {~io} shorthand, stenography
{step/o} steppe, moor
{steril/a} sterile, {~igi} sterilize
{sterk/o} manure, fertilizer, {~i} fertilize
{stern/i} lay out, spread
{stertor/i} make hoarse, rattling noise in throat
{stevard/o} steward, attendant (ship, plane, etc.)
{stil/o} style
{stimul/i} stimulate
{stir/i} steer (vehicle), {~ilo} ~ing wheel; (airplane) joystick
{stiv/i} stow (cargo), {~isto} stevedore
{stoik/a, ~ulo} stoic(al)
{stok/o, ~i} stock (goods)
{stomak/o} stomach
{strab/i} be cross-eyed; look askance
{strand/o} (bathing) beach
{strang/a} strange, peculiar
{strangol/i} strangle
{strat/o} street, {~angulo} corner
{strategi/o} strategy, {~a} strategic
{streb/i} strive for
{strec^/i} stretch (transitive verb.), wind up (spring, etc.),
   {~o} tension, {mal~o} detente, {mal~ig^i} relax
{strek/o} stroke (drawn line), {~i} make a stroke, {for~i} strike out,
   {sub~i} underline, emphasize
{stri/o} strip(e), ray
{strig/o} owl
{strik/o, ~i} strike (stop work)
{strof/o} verse (song, etc.)
{struktur/o} structure
{strut/o} ostrich
{stud/i} study, {~anto} student
{student/o = studanto} (university)
{studi/o} studio (TV, etc.)
{stult/a} stupid, foolish, {~ulo} fool
{stumbl/i} stumble
{sub} under, beneath, {~iri} go down, {~ulo} subordinate,
   {~skribi} sign, {~taso} saucer, {~teni} support,
   {~tera} underground, {~metig^i} submit, {~urbo} suburb,
   {~au^skulti} eavesdrop
{subit/a} sudden
{subjekt/o} subject
{subjektiv/a} subjective
{sublimat/o} corrosive sublimate
{substanc/o} substance
{substantiv/o} substantive, noun
{substitu/i} substitute (transitive verb.)
{subtil/a} subtle
{subtrah/i} subtract (arithmetic), {~o} ~ion
{subvenci/i} subsidize, {~o} subsidy
{suc^/i} suck, {~igi} suckle
{sud/o} south, {~a} ~ern
{sufer/i} suffer, endure
{sufic^/a} sufficient, enough; {~e} sufficiently; rather, {~i} suffice
{sufiks/o} suffix
{suflor/i} prompt (theater), {~o} ~er
{sufok/i} suffocate (transitive verb.), choke
{sugest/i} suggest, {~o} ~ion
{sugesti/i} suggest (hypnotically, etc.), {~o} the power of ~ion
{suk/o} juice, sap
{sukces/i} succeed, {~o} success, {mal~i} fail
{suker/o} sugar, {~ujo} ~bowl
{sulfur/o} sulfur, {~a} ~ic, ~ous
{sulk/o, ~i} furrow, wrinkle (transitive verb.)
{sultan/o} sultan
{sum/o} sum, {~igi} sum up, {re~i} summarize, {re~o} summary, resume
{sun/o} sun, {~radio} ~beam, {~levig^o} ~rise, {~subiro} ~set,
   {~floro} ~flower, {~umi} (put out to) sun
{sup/o} soup
{super} above, over, {~a, ~ulo} superior, {~i} surpass, exceed,
   {~jaro} leap year, {~signo} supersign, accent mark,
   {~forti} overpower, {~homo} superman, {~flua} superfluous,
   {~vendejo} supermarket
{superstic^/o} superstition, {~a} superstitious
{supoz/i} suppose, presume, {~o} supposition
{supr/e(n)} above, up(wards), on top, upstairs, {~a} upper,
   {~(aj^)o} top, summit, surface, {mal~e(n)} below, downstairs
{sur} (up)on, {~meti} put on, {~s^ipe} on board, {~skribo} superscription
{surd/a} deaf, {~(a)mutulo} ~mute
{surfac/o} surface
{surpriz/i, ~o} surprise
{surtut/o} overcoat
{suspekt/i} suspect, {~o} suspicion, {~inda, ~ema} suspicious
{suspir/i} sigh
{susur/i, ~o} rustle, swish (sound)
{sutur/i, ~o} suture, seam
{suveren/o, ~a} sovereign
{svarm/i, ~o} swarm
{svat/i} match-make, promote marriage, {~ist(in)o} match-maker
{sved/o} Swede, {~a} Swedish, {~ujo, ~io, ~lando} Sweden
{svelt/a} slender, slim
{sven/i, ~o} faint, swoon
{sving/i} swing (transitive verb.); wave about, brandish; fling
{svis/o, ~a} Swiss, {~ujo, ~io, ~lando} Switzerland

{s^ablon/o} pattern, stencil, template
{s^af/o} sheep, {~aj^o} mutton, {~ido} lamb
{s^ah/o} shah
{s^ajn/i} seem, appear to be; {~as al mi, ke... } it seems to me
   that... , {~igi} feign, pretend, {~e} apparently, {~o} appearance
{s^ak/o} chess {~i} check, {~tabulo} ~board, {s^ak!} check!
{s^akal/o} jackal
{s^akr/i} peddle in small-time way (black market, street corners, etc.)
{s^akt/o} shaft (mine, elevator)
{s^al/o} shawl
{s^alt/i} switch (transitive verb.), {~ilo} switch, {en~i} turn on,
   {el~i} turn off
{s^am/o} chamois
{s^anc/o} luck; chance, {bonan ~on!} good luck!
{s^ancel/i} shake (transitive verb.), {~ig^i} waver
{s^ang^/i, ~ig^i} change, {inter~o} exchange
{s^arg/i} load (gun, camera, etc.), charge (battery)
{s^arg^/i, ~o} load, burden, {mal~i} unload
{s^ark/o} shark
{s^at/i} have high regard for, like, {~inda} likeable
{s^au^m/o, ~i} froth, foam
{s^ejk/o} sheik
{s^el/o} shell, peel, bark, husk, {sen~igi} shell, peel, etc.
{s^elk/o} suspenders
{s^erc/i, ~o} joke, jest, {~ema} playful, jocular
{s^erif/o} sheriff
{s^i} she, {~a} her
{s^ik/a} chic
{s^ild/o} shield, sign-board
{s^im/o} mold (mildew), {~a} ~y, {~i} get ~y
{s^ind/o} shingle, wood tile
{s^ink/o} ham
{s^ip/o} ship, {en~ig^i} embark, {el~ig^i} disembark,
   {~anaro} crew, {~estro} master, {~pereo} ~wreck
{s^ir/i} tear, rip (transitive verb.), {~aj^o} a tear,
   {de~i} tear off; pick (flower, etc.)
{s^irm/i, ~ilo, ~ejo} shelter
{s^lim/o} slime
{s^los/i} lock, {mal~i} unlock, {~ilo} key; wrench
{s^mac/i} make smacking noise with lips
{s^mink/i, ~o} make up (face, etc.)
{s^mir/i} smear, spread (butter, etc.), anoint, {~aj^o} ointment
{s^nur/o} rope, cord, {~(o)salti} skip rope
{s^ofor/o} driver, chauffeur
{s^ok/i, ~o} shock
{s^ose/o} highway
{s^ov/i} shove, push along, {(el)~i} thrust out
{s^ovel/i, ~ilo} shovel
{s^ovinism/o} chauvinism, {~isto} chauvinist
{s^par/i} save, spare, {~ema} thrifty
{s^pat/o} spade
{s^pin/i} spin (thread), {~ilo} ~dle, {~rado} ~ning wheel
{s^pruc/i} gush, spurt (out), {~igi} squirt, {~ilo} nozzle,
   {en~igilo} syringe
{s^rank/o} cupboard, cabinet, sideboard, wardrobe, etc.,
   {mono~o} strong-box
{s^rapnel/o} shrapnel
{s^rau^b/o, ~i} screw, {~ilo} ~driver, {~ingo} nut,
   {~s^losilo} adjustable wrench
{s^rump/i} shrivel up, shrink (intransitive verb.)
{s^tal/o} steel
{s^tat/o} state (politics entity), {~igi} nationalize,
   {~estro} head of state
{s^tel/i} steal, {~isto} thief, {~e} stealthily
{s^tip/o} block/chunk of wood, {~aro} woodpile
{s^tof/o} cloth, material, {sub~o} lining
{s^ton/o} stone, {~ego} boulder
{s^top/i} plug up (transitive verb.), stop up, clog,
   {~ilo} stopper, plug; electric plug, {~ilingo} electric socket
{s^torm/o} storm
{s^trump/o} stocking, {~eto} sock
{s^tup/o} step, stair, rung, {~aro} staircase
{s^u/o} shoe, {~(far)isto} ~maker
{s^uld/i} owe, {~o} debt
{s^ultr/o} shoulder, {~levi} shrug
{s^ut/i} pour out (grain, etc., not liquid), {super~i} overwhelm
{s^veb/i} hover, float in air
{s^vel/i} swell (intransitive verb.), {~igi} inflate
{s^vit/i} perspire, sweat, {~o} perspiration, sweat

{tabak/o} tobacco
{tabel/o} table(t) (stone, wood, etc.); tabulation,
   {viv~o} actuarial table
{tabernakl/o} tabernacle
{tabl/o} table, {skrib(o)~} desk
{tabul/o} board, plank
{tac^ment/o} detachment
{tag/o} day, {~ig^o} ~break, dawn, {~mezo} noon,
   {~lumo} ~light, {~mang^o} dinner (midday meal),
   {~libro} diary, {~ordo} agenda, c{^iu~a} daily
{tajd/o} tide
{tajlor/o, ~i} tailor
{tajp/i} type (on keyboard)
{taks/i} rate, estimate the value of; appraise, {~isto} appraiser,
   {ne~ebla} priceless, {tro~i} overestimate, {sub~i} underestimate
{taksi/o} taxi, {~isto} ~driver
{takt/o} tact; (music) time
{taktik/o} tactic(s)
{talent/o} talent, {~a} ~ed
{tali/o} waist(line)
{tambur/o} drum, {~isto} ~mer
{tamen} nevertheless, however, {kaj tamen, sed tamen} and yet
{tang/o} tango
{tank/o} tank (military)
{tapet/o} tapestry, wall covering, {paper~o} wallpaper
{tapis^/o} carpet
{tas/o} cup, {sub~o} saucer
{task/o} task, assigned work, {~i} assign
{tau^g/i} fit, be suitable, {~a} suitable, {sen~a} useless,
   {sen~ulo} good-for-nothing
{tau^z/i} tousle, dishevel
{tavern/o} tavern, inn
{tavol/o} layer
{te/o} tea, {~poto, ~kruc^o} ~pot
{team/o} team
{teatr/o} theater, {~a} theatrical, {~aj^o} play
{ted/i} bore, {~a} tiresome, boring
{teg/i} cover protectively (with cloth, overlay of metal, etc.),
   {~ilo} protective cover
{tegment/o} roof
{tek/o} briefcase; file (box or folder containing papers,
   films, tapes, etc.)
{teknik/a} technical, {~o} technique, technic
{teknologi/o} technology
{teks/i} weave, {~ilo} loom, {~aj^o} textile
{Teksas/o} Texas
{tekst/o} text; lyric (song), {~i} say, read
{telefon/i, ~o} telephone
{telegraf/i, ~o} telegraph
{telegram/o} telegram
{telemetri/o} telemetry
{teler/o} plate, dish, {~eto} small plate, saucer
{teleskop/o} telescope
{televid/i} see on TV, {~o} TV, {~ilo} TV set
{tem/o} subject, topic, {~as pri} it's a matter of
{temp/o} time, {liber~o} time off, spare time,
   {dum~e} meanwhile, {sam~a} simultaneous
{temperament/o} temperament
{temperatur/o} temperature
{tempest/o} tempest, storm
{tempi/o} temple (forehead)
{templ/o} temple (worship)
{ten/i} hold, hang onto, {~ilo} handle, {re~i} retain, {sin~o} attitude,
   {de~i} restrain, {re~i} hold back (transitive verb.), {sub~i} support,
   {sinde~i} abstain
{tend/o} tent, {~(um)i, ~aro} camp
{tendenc/a} tendentious, partisan, biased, {~o} inherent tendency, bias
{tenebr/o} (literary word for) profound darkness
{tenis/o} tennis
{tenor/o} tenor (music)
{tensi/o} tension; voltage
{tent/i} tempt, entice, {~o} temptation
{Teodor/o} Theodore
{teolog/o} theologian
{teologi/o} theology
{teorem/o} theorem
{teori/o} theory
{ter/o} earth, soil, {~tremo} earthquake, {~globo} (world)globe,
   {~pomo} potato, {en~igi} bury, {sub~a} underground
{terapi/o} therapy
{teras/o} terrace
{teren/o} terrain, grounds; field used for an activity
{teritori/o} territory, {~a} territorial
{termin/o} (technical) term, {~aro} terminology, glossary
{termometr/o} thermometer
{termos/o} thermos bottle
{termostat/o} thermostat
{tern/i, ~o} sneeze
{teror/o} (reign of) terror, {~ismo} ~ism, {~isto} ~ist
{terur/o} terror, {~a} terrible, {~i} terrify
{test/o, ~i} (scientific) test
{testament/o} will, testament, {~i} make a will; bequeath
{testud/o} tortoise
{tez/o} thesis, essay
{ti-} (forms correlative; see p. 127) {tiamaniere} in that way,
   {tie kaj tie} here and there, {tien kaj reen} back and forth,
   {tiele} thusly, {tio au^ alio} one thing or another
{Tibet/o} Tibet
{tifon/o} typhoon
{tig/o} stem, stalk
{tigr/o} tiger
{tik/o} tic, twitch (muscle)
{tikl/i} tickle (transitive verb.)
{tili/o} linden tree
{tim/i, ~o} fear, {~igi} frighten, {~ema} timid
{tindr/o} tinder, punk
{tine/o} moth
{tinktur/o, ~i} dye, tint
{tint/i, ~o} tinkle, jingle
{tip/o} type, {~a} typical
{tir/i} pull, draw, {al~i} attract, {~kesto} drawer
{tiran/o} tyrant, {~i} tyrannize
{titan/o} Titan, {~a} titanic
{titol/o} title, heading, {~i} title (transitive verb.)
{tol/o} cloth (cotton, linen, canvas, etc.), {~marko} laundry mark
{toler/i} tolerate
{tomat/o} tomato
{tomb/o} tomb, grave, {~ejo} graveyard, {en~igi} entomb, inter
{ton/o} tone
{tond/i} clip, cut with shears, {~ilo} scissors, shears, {pri~i} prune
{tondr/o, ~i} thunder
{torc^/o} torch
{tord/i} twist (transitive verb.), contort
{torent/o} torrent
{torn/i} turn (on lathe), {~ilo} lathe
{tornistr/o} knapsack, backpack
{torped/o, ~i} torpedo
{tort/o} pie, tart
{tortur/i, ~o} torture
{tost/i, ~o} (offer a) toast
{total/a} total, {~ismo} ~itarianism
{totem/o} totem
{tra} through, {~vivi} live through, survive, experience,
   {~nokti} pass the night
{trab/o} beam, girder
{tradici/o} tradition, {~a} ~al
{traduk/i} translate, {~o} translation
{traf/i} hit (desired mark), catch (train, etc.), run across (person),
   {~a} striking, {mal~i} miss
{trafik/o} traffic
{tragedi/o} tragedy, {~a} tragic
{tragik/a = tragedia}
{trajn/o} train
{trajt/o} feature, trait
{trak/o} track
{trakt/i} deal with, treat, {~aj^o} treatise
{traktat/o} treaty
{traktor/o} tractor
{tram/o} streetcar
{tranc^/i} cut, slice, {~ilo} knife, {~aj^o} slice
{tranc^e/o} trench (military)
{trankvil/a} calm, tranquil
{trans} across, on the other side of, {~lokig^i, ~log^ig^i} move,
   {~porti} transport, {~iri} cross, transfer, {~formi} transform,
   {~doni} hand over
{transistor/o} transistor; small transistor radio
{transitiv/a} transitive
{transvers/a} transverse, {~e} crosswise
{trat/o} (bank) draft, {~i} make a draft
{travesti/o} travesty
{tre} very much, very, {~ege} extremely, enormously
{tref/o} clubs (cards)
{trejn/i} train, coach
{trem/i} tremble, quiver
{tremol/o} aspen
{tremp/i} dip, immerse, soak (transitive verb.)
{tren/i} drag, tow, {~s^ipo} tugboat
{tret/i} tread, trample on
{trezor/o} treasure
{tri} three, {~a, ~ono} third, {~o} trio, {~obla} triple, {~folio} clover
{trib/o} tribe, {~a} tribal
{tribord/o} starboard
{tribun/o} rostrum, speaker's platform
{tribunal/o} tribunal
{tribut/o} tribute, {~i} pay tribute
{tricikl/o} tricycle
{trigonometri/o} trigonometry
{trik/i} knit, {~ilo} ~ting needle
{trikoloret/o} pansy
{tril/i, ~o} trill (music)
{trilion/o} trillion
{trilogi/o} trilogy
{trink/i, ~aj^o} drink
{trist/a} (poetic word for) sad
{tritik/o} wheat
{triumf/o, ~i} triumph
{trivial/a} vulgar, course, commonplace
{tro} too much, too, {~igi} exaggerate
{trog/o} trough, manger
{trole/o} trolley, {~buso} ~bus
{trombon/o} trombone
{tromp/i} deceive, cheat
{tron/o} throne
{tropik/a} tropical, {~o} the tropics
{trot/i} trot
{trotuar/o} sidewalk
{trov/i} find, {~ig^i, sin ~i} be found, be located, find oneself
{tru/o} hole
{trud/i} impose, force, {en~ig^i} intrude
{trumpet/o, ~i} trumpet
{trunk/o} trunk (tree, body, etc.)
{trup/o} troop
{trut/o} trout
{tualet/o} toilette
{tub/o} tube, pipe; barrel (gun)
{tuberkuloz/o} tuberculosis
{tuj} immediately, {~a} immediate
{tuk/o} cloth, {antau^~o} apron
{tulip/o} tulip
{tumor/o} tumor
{tumult/o} tumult, riot
{tun/o} ton
{tunel/o} tunnel
{tunik/o} tunic
{tur/o} tower; castle (chess)
{turist/o} tourist
{turk/o} Turk, {~a} ~ish, {~ujo, ~io} ~ey
{turment/i, ~o} torment
{turn/i} turn (transitive verb.), {~i sin} turn around;
   {~i sin al} apply to
{turne/o} (theatrical) tour
{turnir/o} tournament
{tus/i, ~o} cough
{tusilag/o} coltsfoot (plant)
{tus^/i} touch
{tut/a} entire, whole, {~e} entirely, {~e ne} not at all,
   {ne ~e} not quite, {en~e} as a whole, altogether,
   {~monda} worldwide, {super~o} overalls, {~aj^o} entirety
{tvist/o, ~i} twist (dance)

{-uj/} (suffix denoting container; see pp. 132, 187) {~o} container
{-ul/} (suffix denoting person; see p. 143)
{ulcer/o} ulcer
{Ulis/o} Ulysses
{ulm/o} elm
{ultimat/o} ultimatum
{-um/} (suffix with indefinite meaning; see p. 194)
   {~(aj^)o} whatchamacallit, thingamajig
{umbilik/o} navel
{unc/o} ounce
{ung/o} nail (finger, toe), claw (animal)
{uni/o} (politics) union
{uniform/o} uniform
{unik/a} unique
{univers/o} universe
{universal/a} universal, worldwide
{universitat/o} university
{unu} one, {~a} first, {~e} first of all, firstly, {~o} unit,
   {~eco} unity, {~eca} unified, {~igi} unite, {~ig^inta} united,
   {~ope} singly, one at a time, {~foje} once,
   {unu la alian} one another
{uragan/o} hurricane
{urani/o} uranium
{urb/o} city, {~a} urban, {~ego} metropolis, {~eto} town,
   {~(o)domo} city hall, {~estro} mayor, {sub~o, antau^~o} suburb
{urg^/a} urgent, {~i} urge, press, hurry (someone),
   {ne ~as} there's no hurry
{urin/o} urine, {~i} urinate
{urs/o} bear
{urtik/o} nettle
{Urugvaj/o} Uruguay, {~a, ~ano} ~an
{Uson/o} the USA, {~a, ~ano} American
{uter/o} womb
{util/a} useful, advantageous, {~(ec)o} use(fulness),
   {sen~a} useless, {~igi} make use of, utilize,
   {mal~i, mal~o} harm, {mal~a} harmful
{Utopi/o} Utopia, {~a} ~n
{uvertur/o} overture (music)
{uz/i, ~o} use, {el~i} use up, wear out
{uzin/o} (heavy industry) factory, mill
{uzur/o} usury
{uzurp/i} usurp
{u^at/o} Watt

{vad/i} wade, {tra~i} ford
{vafl/o} waffle, {~eto} wafer; cone (ice cream)
{vag/i} roam, wander, {~ulo} vagabond, "rolling stone"
{vagin/o} vagina
{vagon/o} railway carriage, {~aro} train
{vak/a} vacant, {~i} be vacant, {~igi} vacate
{vakcin/o} vaccine, {~i} vaccinate
{vaker/o} cowboy
{vaks/o} wax, {~tolo} oilcloth
{vaku/o} vacuum
{val/o} valley
{valid/a} valid, {~i} be valid, {~igi} validate
{valiz/o} valise, small suitcase
{valor/o} value, {~a} valuable, {~i} be worth, {sen~a} worthless
{vals/o, ~i} waltz
{valut/o} currency (of a country); foreign exchange rate
{valv/o} valve; tube (elec.)
{van/a} futile, useless, {~e} in vain
{vandal/o} vandal
{vang/o} cheek, {~ofrapo} slap
{vanil/o} vanilla
{vant/a} conceited, vain; frivolous, {~aj^o} frivolity, silliness
{vapor/o} steam, vapor, {~s^ipo} steamship
{var/o}(j) wares, merchandise, commodity
{varb/i, ~ito} recruit, {~ig^i} enlist
{vari/i} vary (intransitive verb.), {~a} variable, {~aj^o} variation
{variete/o} variety show
{variol/o} smallpox, {~eto} chicken pox
{varm/a} warm, {~ega} hot, {~eta} lukewarm, {mal~a} cold,
   {mal~umo} a cold
{Varsovi/o} Warsaw
{vart/i, ~ist(in)o} nurse
{vast/a} vast, spacious, {mal~a} close, cramped (for space),
   {dis~igi} spread (news, etc.)
{Vas^ington/o} Washington
{vat/o} cotton wool, wadding; (elec.) Watt
{Vatikan/o} the Vatican
{vaz/o} vessel (any container), vase
{vazelin/o} vaseline
{ve!} woe! {ho ve!} alas! Oh dear! {~spiri} sigh, {hejm~o} homesickness
{veget/i} vegetate
{vegetar/a, ~ano} vegetarian
{vejn/o} vein
{vek/i} wake (transitive verb.), arouse, {~ig^i} wake up,
   {~horlog^o} alarm clock
{vel/o} sail
{velk/i} fade, wither
{velur/o, ~a} velvet
{ven/i} come, {al~i} arrive, {kun~i} meet, {re~i} come back,
   {de~i} come from, derive or result from, {~onta} next
{vend/i} sell, {~ejo} store, {~isto} salesman
{vendred/o} Friday
{venen/o, ~i} poison
{vener/a} venereal
{Venezuel/o} Venezuela
{veng^/i} avenge, {~o} revenge, vengeance
{venk/i} defeat, win over, {~o} victory
{vent/o} wind, {~umi, ~umilo} fan, {~ego} windstorm
{ventol/i} ventilate, {~ilo} ventilator
{ventr/o} belly, tummy
{Venus/o} Venus
{ver/a} true, {~o} truth, reality, {~e} really, truly,
   {~s^ajne} probably, {~dire} to tell the truth
{verb/o} verb
{verd/a, ~o} green
{verdikt/o} verdict
{verg/o} rod, switch; wand, {~i} flog, take a switch to
{verk/o} (literary or artistic) work, {~i} write, create (literature,
   music, etc.), {~isto} writer, {~aro} (collected) works, {~into} author
{verm/o} worm
{vers/o} one line of verse, song, etc.
{versi/o} version
{vers^/i} pour (liquids); shed, scatter, {el~i} pour out, {en~i} pour in
{vert/o} top of head
{vertebr/o} vertebra
{vertig^/o} vertigo, dizziness, {~i} feel dizzy
{vertikal/a} vertical
{veruk/o} wart
{verv/o} verve, vivacity, {~a} vivacious, lively, {sen~a} lifeless, dull
{vesp/o} wasp
{vesper/o} evening, {~e} in the evening
{vespert/o} bat
{vespr/o} vespers, evensong
{vest/i} (transitive verb.) clothe, dress, {~ig^i} get dressed,
   {vest(aj^)o} garment, {~oj} clothes,
   {sen~ig^i} undress, strip, {sub~o} undergarment
{ves^t/o} vest
{vet/i, ~o} bet, wager, {~kuri} race
{veter/o} weather, {~informoj} weather report
{veteran/o} veteran
{veterinar/o} veterinarian
{vetur/i} travel; go (not walking), {~ilo} vehicle, {~igi} drive
{vezik/o} bladder; bubble, {~eto} blister
{vi} you {~a} ~r(s)
{viand/o} meat
{vibr/i} vibrate, {~(ad)o} vibration
{vic/o} row, rank; turn; vice-, {~e} in rows, {lau^~e} in turn,
   {~prezidanto} vice-president, {~patro} step-father, {mia ~o} my turn
{vid/i} see, {~o} sight, {~aj^o} view, {~ebla} visible, {~inda}
   worth seeing, {~punkto} viewpoint, {~bendo} videotape
{vidv/o} widower, {~ino} widow
{Vien/o} Vienna
{vigl/a} alert, keen, brisk
{viking/o} Viking
{viktim/o} victim
{vil/a} shaggy, hairy
{vila/o} villa
{vilag^/o} village, {~eto} hamlet
{Vilc^j/o} Bill
{Vilhelm/o} William
{vin/o} wine, {~bero} grape, {~berejo} vineyard
{vinagr/o} vinegar
{vind/i} wrap (in cloth), bandage, {~otuko} swaddling cloth
{vintr/o} winter
{viol/o} violet
{violon/o} violin
{violonc^el/o} cello
{vip/o, ~i} whip
{vipur/o} viper
{vir/o} man, {~ino} woman, {~a} male, {~ina} female, {~eco} virility
{virg/a, ~ul(in)o} virgin
{virt/o} virtue, morality, {mal~o} vice
{virtuoz/o} virtuoso
{virus/o} virus
{visk/o} mistletoe
{viski/o} whisky
{vis^/i} wipe, {~tuko} dust rag; dish cloth
{vit/o} (grape)vine
{vitamin/o} vitamin
{vitr/o} glass (material), {okul~oj} eyeglasses, {~aj^o} pane
{vitrin/o} showcase
{viv/i} live, {~o} life, {tra~i} experience, survive,
   {vivu!} long live! {~teni} support
{viz/o} visa
{vizag^/o} face
{vizi/o} vision
{vizit/i} visit; attend, {~o} visit
{vjetnam/o, ~a} Vietnam(ese)
{voc^/o} voice; vote, {~e} orally, {~doni} vote
{vodk/o} vodka
{voj/o} way, road, {~montrilo} signpost
{vojag^/i} travel, {~o} trip, voyage, {~anto} traveler,
   {~ema} inclined to travel
{vojevod/o} title of provincial governor in Poland
{vok/i} call, summon, {al~i} invoke, appeal to, {el~i} evoke
{vokal/o} vowel
{vokt/o} taskmaster
{vol/o} will(ingness), {~i} be willing to, want to,
   {lau^~e} as one pleases, at will, {~i diri} mean
{Volapuk/o} Volapuk, {Tio estas ~aj^o} "It's all Greek to me"
{volb/o} vault(ed ceiling)
{volont/a} willing, voluntary, {~e} willingly, {~ulo} volunteer
{volt/o} Volt
{volum/o} volume (book, etc.)
{volupt/a} voluptuous, {~o} sexual pleasure
{volv/i} wind up, roll up, {mal~i} unroll
{vom/i} vomit, throw up
{vort/o} word, {~aro} dictionary, vocabulary,
   {lau^~e} verbatim, word-for-word
{vost/o} tail
{vot/o, ~i} vow
{vual/o, ~i} veil
{vulgar/a} common, everyday
{vulkan/o} volcano
{vulp/o} fox
{vultur/o} vulture
{vund/o} wound, injury, {~i} wound

{zebr/o} zebra
{zefir/o} zephyr
{zenit/o} zenith
{zigzag/i, ~a} zigzag
{zink/o} zinc
{zip/o} zipper
{zodiak/o} zodiac
{zon/o} belt; zone
{zoologi/o} zoology
{zorg/i} (take) care (of), see to, worry (about),
   {~o} care, concern (for), {~eme} carefully
{zum/i, ~o} hum, buzz; roar (traffic, etc.), {~ilo} buzzer

Enrique Ellemberg
Fremont, CA, Usono

Aŭgusto 24a, 2005
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